UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-32471
BLACK RAVEN ENERGY, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Nevada |
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20-0563497 |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
Incorporation or Organization) |
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1125 Seventeenth Street, Suite 2300 |
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Denver, Colorado |
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80202 |
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Registrants Telephone Number, including area code: (303) 308-1330
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Accelerated filer o |
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Smaller reporting company x |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
There is no public market for the registrants common stock. Therefore, the aggregate market value of the registrants common stock held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2009 was $0.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes o No x
As of March 15, 2010, the registrant had 16,658,109 shares of common stock outstanding.
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
We may from time-to-time make statements that are forward-looking, including statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) and in reports to our shareholders. Such statements may, for example, express expectations or projections about future actions that we may take or about developments beyond our control including changes in domestic or global economic conditions. These statements are made on the basis of our managements views and assumptions as of the time the statements are made and we undertake no obligation to update these statements. Our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. General factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to:
· Changes in gas prices due to volatility of the market;
· Our ability to evaluate our future performance due to limited operating history;
· The continuance of reserve replacement through development of existing properties in order to sustain production;
· Our ability to insure against liabilities associated with properties or obtain protection from sellers against them;
· Our ability to evaluate projections of acquired property production;
· Our ability to acquire or transact business due to requirements of significant external capital changing our risk and property profile;
· Our ability to manage the risks inherent in operations of gas properties;
· Our exposure to guaranteed indebtedness of our subsidiaries and the covenants in the agreements governing that debt;
· Our ability to manage due to covenants limiting discretion of management in operating our business;
· Our ability to perform certain development operations depends on financing through equity or debt;
· Our ability to successfully integrate future acquisitions; and
· Our ability to attract and retain professional personnel.
For more information on these and other risk factors that may affect our business, refer to Item 1A Risk Factors included in this Annual Report.
ITEM 1. |
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Description of Business
Black Raven, formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc. was originally organized as a mid-stream energy company providing gathering and processing services to third party natural gas producers. During 2005 and 2006, we expanded our operations to include developing and producing natural gas properties along with providing management services as contract operator on jointly owned producing properties. In 2006, we also expanded our gathering services through acquisition of additional gathering systems in the Recluse, Wyoming area. By the end of 2007 and through 2008, our strategic focus was concentrated on recapitalization pursuits to generate the cash necessary to cover our debt service obligations and infuse additional capital required to realize our growth expectations.
Black Raven is focused on the development of low-risk shallow gas reserves in the Niobrara formation of the eastern D-J Basin. The Niobrara formation in this part of the D-J Basin is an unconventional tight gas play characterized by a chalk formation. The Company has 178,000 net acres under lease in the play and operates 100% of its acreage position. The acreage is located in Sedgwick and Phillips Counties in Colorado and in Perkins, Chase and Dundy Counties in Nebraska.
During 2008, we also provided gas gathering and compression services for properties we operated and for third-party producers. We were initially incorporated in Nevada under the name PRB Transportation, Inc. in December 2003. On June 14, 2006, we changed our name to PRB Energy, Inc. On February 2, 2009, in connection with our emergence from bankruptcy, PRB Energy changed its corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc.
Throughout 2007 and into 2008 we operated as two business segments through two wholly-owned subsidiaries, PRB Oil, a gas and oil exploitation and production company (E&P) incorporated in Colorado in July 2005, and PRB Gathering, a gathering and processing company (G&P) incorporated in Colorado in August 2006. During 2008, we owned and operated the assets listed below through the two subsidiaries. As discussed below, during the pendency of our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy from March 5, 2008 through February 2, 2009, we sold our Antelope Valley and South Kitty Pipeline, our GAP/Bonepile Gathering System and Coal Bed Methane Fields. The status of our assets at December 31, 2009 is outlined below. A more thorough description of the properties is presented in Item 2 of this Annual Report.
Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Filing and Recent Developments
On March 5, 2008, PRB Energy, Inc. (PRB Energy) and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief for each business entity (the Chapter 11 Bankruptcy) under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the Bankruptcy Code) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Colorado (the Bankruptcy Court). PRB Energy continued to operate its business as a debtor-in-possession under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. Due to economic and personnel constraints, PRB Energy was unable to file its annual and quarterly reports with the SEC during its bankruptcy proceedings. As a result, trading of PRB Energys common stock on the American Stock Exchange was suspended and its common stock was delisted from the American Stock Exchange effective April 28, 2008.
On January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming PRB Energys and PRB Oil and Gas, Inc.s (PRB Oil) Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the Plan). The effective date of the Plan was February 2, 2009 (the Effective Date). Pursuant to the Plan, all 8,721,994 shares of PRB Energys outstanding common stock were cancelled and PRB Energy changed its corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc (Black Raven, the Company, us, our or we). The Plan provided that we continue as a public company following our emergence from bankruptcy and for the issuance of new common stock of Black Raven (New Common Stock) to certain claimants, with such New Common Stock to be traded on the OTC Bulletin Board or a nationally recognized securities exchange, subject to compliance with applicable regulations. After the Effective Date of the Plan, we issued the following securities in accordance with the Plan:
· 13.5 million shares of New Common Stock to West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (WCOF), the principal pre-petition secured creditor;
· 1.425 million shares of New Common Stock, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class A-4 Claims (as defined in the Plan);
· 75,000 shares of New Common Stock, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class B-5 Claims (as defined in the Plan);
· Warrants to purchase 1.425 million shares of New Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class A-4 Claims; and
· Warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of New Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class B-5 Claims.
Effective November 1, 2008, control of the Recluse Gathering System was turned over to a receiver appointed by the State Court of Wyoming. PRB Gatherings Chapter 11 Bankruptcy case was dismissed by the Bankruptcy Court on February 17, 2010. As a result, we deconsolidated PRB Gathering, Inc. (PRB Gathering) during the fourth quarter of 2008 and our net investment is shown as an investment in insolvent subsidiary in our financial statements.
On February 2, 2009, in connection with the consummation of the Plan, we, along with our subsidiary PRB Oil, entered into a Limited Waiver, Consent, and Modification Agreement (the Modification Agreement) with WCOF. Under the Modification Agreement, we issued an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Debenture (the Amended Debenture), payable to WCOF in the amount of $18,450,000. The Amended Debenture superseded and amended the senior secured debentures issued by PRB Oil to WCOF and DKR Soundshore Oasis Holding Fund Ltd. on December 28, 2006. Under the terms of the Amended Debenture, $3.75 million of the outstanding principle balance and unpaid accrued interest were due on December 31, 2009, with the remainder of the outstanding balance and unpaid accrued interest due on December 31, 2010. See below for discussion of the second amendment. The Amended Debenture initially accrued interest at 10% per annum payable quarterly.
On the Effective Date, as required by the Plan, William F. Hayworth, Gus J. Blass III and Atticus Lowe were appointed as members of our Board of Directors (the Board). Mr. Hayworth was also appointed to serve as our President and Chief Executive Officer.
On the Effective Date, Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (the Articles) were filed with the Nevada Secretary of State to change our corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. and we adopted Amended and Restated Bylaws (the Bylaws). Subsequently, PRB Oil was merged into the Company.
Effective April 13, 2009, Black Raven, WCOF and the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors Appointed by the Bankruptcy Court entered into an Agreement Regarding New Equity Raise Under the Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the New Equity Agreement). The New Equity Agreement modified the obligations of the parties under the Plan and released WCOF from its obligation to raise or guarantee $7.5 million of additional funding for us. The New Equity Agreement required WCOF to purchase 166,667 shares of the New Common Stock from us for $3.00 per share within 10 business days of the New Equity Agreement and an additional $3 million of New Common Stock, preferred stock or convertible debt securities from time to time prior to September 10, 2010, at a purchase price of $2.00 per share. The New Equity Agreement also modified the interest rate under the Amended Debenture and extended the maturity date of the Amended Debenture to December 31, 2011.
On April 23, 2009, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with WCOF relating to the sale of 166,667 shares of our common stock to WCOF for an aggregate purchase price of $500,000.
On June 3, 2009, the Board adopted the Black Raven Energy, Inc. Equity Compensation Plan (the Equity Compensation Plan) under which we may grant nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards or other equity-based awards to certain of our employees, consultants, advisors and non-employee directors. The Board initially reserved 3,791,666 shares of common stock for issuance under the Equity Compensation Plan.
On July 8, 2009, the Board appointed Dan Frederickson as a member of the Board and Tom Riley as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, subject to the execution of employment agreements. Concurrently, William F. Hayworth resigned as Chief Executive Officer but retained the position as President and a member of the Board.
On July 9, 2009, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with WCOF relating to the sale of 500,000 shares of our common stock to WCOF for an aggregate purchase price of $1 million.
On August 27, 2009, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with WCOF for the sale of 250,000 shares of our common stock to WCOF for an aggregate purchase price of $500,000.
On September 16, 2009, Black Raven and WCOF entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement for the sale of 750,000 shares of Black Raven common stock to WCOF for an aggregate purchase price of $1,500,000.
On November 9, 2009, the amended and restated debenture for $18.45 million was amended to $18.5 million in lieu of paying $50,000 in interest to WCOF.
At the Effective Date, we did not meet the requirements under ASC Topic 852 to adopt fresh start accounting. Fresh start accounting requires the debtor to use current fair values in its balance sheet for both assets and liabilities and to eliminate all prior earnings or deficits. The two requirements to fresh start accounting are:
· the reorganization value of the companys assets immediately before the date of confirmation of the plan of reorganization is less than the total of all post-petition liabilities and allowed claims; and
· the holders of existing voting shares immediately before confirmation of the plan of reorganization receive less than 50% of the voting shares upon emergence.
We refer to these requirements as the fresh start applicability test. For purposes of applying the fresh start applicability test, reorganization value is defined in the glossary of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 852 as the value attributed to the reconstituted entity, as well as the expected net realizable value of those assets that will be disposed before reconstitution occurs. Therefore, this value is viewed as the fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and approximates the amount a willing buyer would pay for the assets of the entity immediately after the restructuring.
As of the Effective Date, our fresh start calculation indicated that we did not meet the requirements to adopt fresh start accounting because the reorganization value of our assets exceeded the total of post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. The Company recognized a gain on reorganization of $24.6 million upon emergence from bankruptcy.
Competition
Our gas exploitation activities take place in a highly competitive and speculative business atmosphere. As an independent producer, we have little control over the price we receive for our natural gas. In seeking suitable oil and gas properties for development or acquisition, we compete with a number of other companies, including large oil and gas companies and other independent operators with greater financial resources. In addition, because we have fewer financial and human resources than many companies in our industry, we may be at a disadvantage in bidding for exploratory prospects and producing oil and natural gas properties.
Revenues from two customers represented 10% or more of the Companys sales for the year ended December 31, 2009. We do not believe that the loss of any one customer would have a significant impact on our financial results.
Environmental Regulation
Currently, the Company operates wells on state and fee land. These wells and the facility operated by Black Raven are subject to and comply with all state regulations.
Federal, state and local authorities extensively regulate the energy industry. Legislation and regulations affecting the industry are under constant review for amendment or expansion, raising the possibility of changes that may affect, among other things, the pricing or marketing of gas production. Noncompliance with statutes and regulations may lead to substantial penalties and the overall regulatory burden on the industry increases the cost of doing business and, in turn, decreases profitability.
Governmental authorities regulate various aspects of gas drilling and production, including the drilling of wells (through permit and bonding requirements), the spacing of wells, the unitization or pooling of gas properties, environmental matters, safety standards, the sharing of markets, production limitations, plugging and abandonment and restoration.
The ongoing operations of the Company are subject to the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, and other environmental regulations adopted by federal, state and local governmental authorities in jurisdictions where we are engaged in development or production operations. New laws or regulations, or changes to current requirements, could result in material costs or claims with respect to properties we own or have owned. We will continue to be subject to uncertainty associated with new regulatory interpretations and inconsistent interpretations between state and federal agencies. We could face significant liabilities to governmental authorities and third parties for discharges of oil, natural gas or other pollutants into the air, soil or water, and we could have to spend substantial amounts on investigations, litigation and remediation. Existing environmental laws or regulations, as currently interpreted or enforced, or as they may be interpreted, enforced or altered in the future, may have a material adverse effect on us.
We have reflected in our consolidated financial statements a reserve for future capital expenditures for remediation costs at the end of the life of the wells. Refer to Note 5 Asset Retirement Obligations to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Employees
As of December 31, 2009, we had six full-time employees.
ITEM 1A. |
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You should carefully consider the following risks and other information contained in this report. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition and cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. The risks
and uncertainties described below are not the only risks facing us. If any of the following risks or uncertainties actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 were prepared under the assumption that we will continue to operate as a going concern. The report of our registered independent public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 includes an explanatory paragraph concerning conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We incurred operating losses of approximately $2.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2009. Continued operations are dependent on our ability to secure adequate financing and maintain a reasonable level of liquidity such that we can timely pay our obligations when due.
We are currently exploring opportunities to raise capital, including a private placement of our common stock. There can be no assurances that we will be able to secure this additional financing and, accordingly, our liquidity and ability to execute our business plan and to timely pay our obligations when due could be adversely affected. Additionally, we may incur operating losses during fiscal year 2010, and in the event that our financial results fall short of our current expectations, we will need to take further actions to reduce operating costs. There can be no assurance that such actions, if taken, will result in cash flows that will be sufficient to meet our ongoing operating needs.
Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty. If we cannot secure additional financing and continue to incur losses, we may be unable to maintain a level of liquidity necessary to continue operating our business.
Risks Related to the Natural Gas Industry and Our Business
Natural gas prices are volatile and a decline in prices could hurt our profitability, financial condition and ability to grow.
Our revenues, operating results, profitability, future rate of growth and the carrying value of our gas properties depend heavily on the prices we receive from natural gas sales. Gas prices also affect our cash flows and borrowing base, as well as the amount and value of our gas reserves.
Historically, the markets for gas have been volatile and they are likely to continue to be volatile. Wide fluctuations in gas prices may result from relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for gas, market uncertainty and other factors that are beyond our control, including:
· domestic supplies of natural gas;
· weather conditions in the United States and wherever our property interests are located;
· technological advances affecting energy consumption;
· the price and availability of alternative fuels;
· worldwide and domestic economic conditions;
· actions by OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries;
· political instability in major oil and gas producing regions;
· the level of consumer demand;
· changes in the overall supply and demand for oil and gas;
· the availability of transportation facilities;
· the ability of oil and gas companies to raise capital;
· the discovery rate of new oil and gas reserves;
· the cost of exploring for, producing and delivering oil and gas;
· the price of foreign imports of oil and gas; and
· governmental regulations and taxes, both domestic and foreign.
These factors and the volatility of gas markets make it very difficult to predict future gas price movements with any certainty. Declines in gas prices would reduce our revenues and could also reduce the amount of gas that we can produce economically and therefore could have a material adverse effect on us.
The guarantee of certain indebtedness, and the covenants in the agreements governing that debt, could negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations and business prospects.
We guaranteed payment of the Amended Debenture and pledged substantially all of our assets as collateral. If we fail to comply with the covenants and other restrictions in the agreements governing the Amended Debenture, an event of default could occur that would permit the lenders to foreclose on substantially all of our assets. Our ability to comply with these covenants and other restrictions may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic and financial conditions. If we are required but unable to make the guaranteed payments under the Amended Debenture out of cash on hand or from internal cash flow, we could attempt to refinance the Amended Debenture, sell assets, or repay the Amended Debenture with the proceeds from an equity or debt
offering. However, we may not be able to raise sufficient capital through the sale of assets or issuance of equity or debt to pay or refinance the amounts owed. Factors that will affect our ability to raise cash through a sale of assets or a debt or equity offering include financial market conditions and our market value and operating performance at the time of such offering or other financing. We may, therefore, not be able to successfully complete any such offering or sale of assets.
Our development operations require substantial capital and we may be unable to obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a disposition of properties and a decline in our natural gas reserves.
The energy industry is capital intensive. We make and expect to continue to make substantial capital expenditures in our business and operations for development, production and acquisition of oil and natural gas reserves. To date, we have financed capital expenditures primarily with proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity plus cash generated by operations. We intend to finance our future capital expenditures with cash flow from operations and from debt or equity capital. Our cash flow from operations and access to capital is subject to a number of variables, including:
· our proved reserves;
· the level of natural gas we are able to produce from existing wells;
· the prices at which natural gas is sold; and
· our ability to acquire, locate and produce new reserves.
If our revenues decrease as a result of lower natural gas prices, operating difficulties, declines in reserves or for any other reason, then we may have limited ability to obtain the capital necessary to sustain our operations at current levels. We may, from time to time, need to seek additional financing. There can be no assurance as to the availability or terms of any additional financing.
If additional capital is needed, then we may not be able to obtain debt or equity financing on terms favorable to us, or at all. If cash generated by operations is not sufficient to meet our capital requirements, the failure to obtain additional financing could result in a curtailment of our operations relating to development of our prospects, which in turn could lead to a possible disposition of properties and a decline in our reserves.
If we are not able to replace reserves, we will not be able to sustain production.
Our future operations depend on our ability to find, develop and acquire oil and gas reserves that are economically recoverable. Our properties produce gas at a declining rate over time. In order to become profitable, we must develop our properties or locate and acquire new oil and gas reserves to replace those being depleted by production. We may do this even during periods of low oil and gas prices. Competition for the acquisition of producing oil and gas properties is intense and many of our competitors have financial and other resources for acquisitions that are substantially greater than those available to us. Therefore, we may not be able to acquire oil and gas properties that contain economically recoverable reserves, or we may not be able to acquire such properties at prices acceptable to us. Without successful drilling or acquisition activities, our reserves, production and revenues will decline.
Properties we acquire may not produce as projected, and we may be unable to identify liabilities associated with the properties or obtain protection from sellers against them.
Our business strategy includes an acquisition program. The successful acquisition of producing oil and gas properties requires assessments of many factors, which are inherently inexact and may be inaccurate, including the following:
· the amount of recoverable reserves;
· future oil and natural gas prices;
· estimates of operating costs;
· estimates of future development costs;
· estimates of the costs and timing of plugging and abandonment; and
· potential environmental and other liabilities.
Our assessment will not reveal all existing or potential problems, and may not permit us to become familiar enough with the properties to fully assess their capabilities and deficiencies. In the course of our due diligence, we may not inspect every well or pipeline. Inspections may not reveal structural and environmental problems, such as pipeline corrosion or groundwater contamination, when they are made. We may not be able to obtain contractual indemnities from the seller for liabilities that it created. We may be required to assume the environmental and production risks associated with the properties.
The Amended Debenture contains various covenants limiting the discretion of our management in operating our business.
The Amended Debenture contains various restrictive covenants. In particular, these covenants limit our ability, without lenders approval, to, among other things:
· pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase our capital stock;
· make loans to others;
· incur additional indebtedness or issue preferred stock;
· create certain liens; and
· purchase or sell assets.
If we fail to comply with the restrictions of the Amended Debenture, an event of default may allow the creditors to foreclose on substantially all of our assets. Any such default or foreclosure could have a material adverse effect on us.
The continuing crisis in the financial and credit markets, and volatility in oil and natural gas prices may affect our ability to obtain funding or to obtain funding on acceptable terms. These factors may hinder or prevent us from meeting our future capital needs and/or continuing to meet our obligations and conduct our business.
Global financial markets and economic conditions have recently been, and continue to be, disrupted and volatile. The debt and equity capital markets have become exceedingly distressed. These issues, along with significant asset write-offs in the financial services sector, the re-pricing of credit risk and the current weak economic conditions, have made, and will likely continue to make, it difficult to obtain debt or equity capital funding.
Due to these factors, there can be no assurance that funding will be available to us, if needed, and to the extent required, on acceptable terms. If funding is not available as needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to meet our obligations as they come due, enhance our existing business, complete acquisitions or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our production, revenues, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Drilling and production activities are subject to numerous risks, including the risk that no commercially productive oil or natural gas will be found. The cost of drilling and completing wells is often uncertain, and oil and gas drilling and production activities may be shortened, delayed or canceled as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include:
· unexpected drilling conditions;
· title problems;
· pressure or irregularities in formations;
· equipment failures or accidents;
· adverse weather conditions;
· compliance with environmental and other governmental requirements;
· delays caused by regulatory approvals from state, local and other governmental authorities;
· shortages or delays in the availability of or increases in the cost of drilling rigs and the delivery of equipment;
· lack of availability of experienced drilling crews; and
· lack of pipeline availability or pipeline capacity.
The wells we drill may not be productive and we may not recover all or any portion of our investment in such wells. The seismic data and other technologies that we use do not allow us to know conclusively prior to drilling a well that oil or gas is present or may be produced economically. The cost of drilling, completing and operating a well is often uncertain, and cost factors can adversely affect the economics of a project. Drilling activities can result in dry holes or wells that are productive but do not produce sufficient net revenues after operating and other costs to cover initial drilling costs.
Our future drilling activities may not be successful, or our overall drilling success rate or our drilling success rate for activity within a particular area may decline. Although we have identified numerous potential drilling locations, we may not be able to economically produce oil or natural gas from them.
The occurrence of any or all of these risks could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify the presence of natural gas which could adversely affect the results of our drilling operations.
Even when properly used and interpreted, 2-D and 3-D seismic data and visualization techniques are only tools used to assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and hydrocarbon indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in those structures. Therefore, 2-D and 3-D seismic data may not accurately identify the presence of natural gas.
Substantially all of our producing properties are located in the Rocky Mountain region, making us vulnerable to risks associated with operating in one major geographic area.
Our operations are focused on the Rocky Mountain region, which means our producing properties have historically been geographically located in the states of Wyoming, Colorado and Nebraska. As a result, we may be disproportionately exposed to the impact of delays or interruptions of production from these areas caused by significant governmental regulation, transportation capacity constraints, curtailment of production or interruption of transportation of natural gas produced from the wells in these basins.
Our operations are subject to operational hazards and unforeseen interruptions for which we may be inadequately insured, resulting in losses to us.
Our operations, including gathering, processing, exploitation and production, are subject to operational hazards and unforeseen interruptions such as natural disasters, adverse weather, accidents, fires, explosions, hazardous materials releases, mechanical failures and other events beyond our control. These events might result in a loss of equipment or life, injury or extensive property damage, as well as an interruption in our operations. We may not be able to maintain or obtain insurance of the type and amount we desire at reasonable rates. In some instances, certain insurance could become unavailable or available only for reduced amounts of coverage. A significant liability for which we were not fully insured could adversely affect us.
Our operations are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations that may result in substantial costs and other risks.
Federal, state and local authorities extensively regulate the energy industry. Legislation and regulations affecting the industry are under constant review for amendment or expansion, raising the possibility of changes that may affect, among other things, the pricing or marketing of gas production. Noncompliance with statutes and regulations may lead to substantial penalties, and the overall regulatory burden on the industry increases the cost of doing business and, in turn, decreases profitability.
Governmental authorities regulate various aspects of gas drilling and production, including the drilling of wells (through permit and bonding requirements), the spacing of wells, the unitization or pooling of gas properties, environmental matters, safety standards, the sharing of markets, production limitations, plugging and abandonment and restoration.
Our operations are also subject to complex and constantly changing environmental laws and regulations adopted by federal, state and local governmental authorities in jurisdictions where we are engaged in development or production operations. New laws or regulations, or changes to current requirements, could result in material costs or claims with respect to properties we own or have owned. We will continue to be subject to uncertainty associated with new regulatory interpretations and inconsistent interpretations between state and federal agencies. We could face significant liabilities to governmental authorities and third parties for discharges of oil, natural gas or other pollutants into the air, soil or water, and we could have to spend substantial amounts on investigations, litigation and remediation. Existing environmental laws or regulations, as currently interpreted or enforced, or as they may be interpreted, enforced or altered in the future, may have a material adverse effect on us.
Future oil and gas price declines or unsuccessful development efforts may result in write-downs of our development and production asset carrying values, thereby reducing our assets and net worth.
We follow the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil and gas properties. All property acquisition costs and costs of development wells are capitalized when incurred, pending the determination of whether proved reserves have been discovered.
The capitalized costs of our oil and gas properties, on a field basis, cannot exceed the estimated future net cash flows of that field. If net capitalized costs exceed future net revenues, we must write-down the costs of each such field to our estimate of fair market value. Accordingly, a significant decline in oil or gas prices or unsuccessful development efforts could cause a future write-down of capitalized costs, reducing our assets and net worth.
We review the carrying value of our properties quarterly based on prices in effect as of the end of each quarter. Once incurred, a write-down of oil and gas properties cannot be reversed at a later date even if oil or gas prices increase.
Competition in our industry is intense and many of our competitors have greater financial and technical resources than we do.
We face intense competition from major oil companies, independent oil and gas exploration and production companies, financial buyers and institutional and individual investors who are actively seeking oil and gas properties in the Rocky Mountain region in which we operate and elsewhere. Many of our competitors have financial and technical resources along with equipment, expertise, labor and materials significantly exceeding those available to us. In addition, many properties are sold in a competitive bidding process in which our competitors may be able to pay more for development prospects and productive properties, or in which our competitors have technological information or expertise to evaluate and successfully bid for the properties that is not available to us. Shortages of equipment, labor or materials as a result of intense competition may result in increased costs or the inability to obtain those resources as needed. We, therefore, may not be successful in acquiring and developing profitable properties in the face of this competition.
Substantial acquisitions or other transactions could require significant external capital and could change our risk and property profile.
In order to finance acquisitions of additional producing properties, we may need to alter or increase our capitalization substantially through the issuance of debt or equity securities, the sale of production payments or other means. These changes in capitalization may significantly affect our risk profile. Additionally, significant acquisitions or other transactions could change the character of our operations and business. The character of the new properties could be substantially different in operating or geological characteristics or geographic location than our existing properties. Furthermore, we may not be able to obtain external funding for future acquisitions or other transactions or to obtain external funding on terms acceptable to us.
We depend on our chief executive officer, our president and other officers for critical management decisions and industry contacts.
We have a small management team and have employment agreements with our chief executive officer, our president and other executive officers. We also do not carry key person insurance on their lives. The loss of the services of our executive officers or our president, through incapacity or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and would require us to seek and retain other qualified personnel.
If we are unable to successfully recruit qualified managerial and field personnel having experience in oil and gas exploration, we may not be able to continue our operations.
In order to successfully implement and manage our business plan, we will depend upon, among other things, successfully recruiting qualified managerial and field personnel having experience in the oil and gas exploration business. Competition for qualified individuals is intense. We may not be able to find, attract and retain qualified personnel on acceptable terms. If we are unable to find, attract and retain qualified personnel with technical expertise, our business operations could suffer.
Our business could be adversely impacted if we have deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting.
In connection with our SEC reports, our management is required to provide a report on our internal controls over financial reporting including an assessment of the effectiveness of these controls to provide reasonable assurance a material misstatement did not occur in our financial statements. While our management continues to review the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we cannot assure you that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will be effective in accomplishing all control objectives all of the time.
Risks Related to our Emergence from Bankruptcy
We have limited operating history since emerging from bankruptcy.
Since emerging from bankruptcy on February 2, 2009, we have not generated significant revenues from operations and we have limited resources. Any operating losses, together with risks associated with our ability to be competitive in the natural gas industry may have a material adverse affect on our liquidity. An investor in our common stock must evaluate the risks, uncertainties, and difficulties encountered by a company emerging from Chapter 11 bankruptcy. There can be no assurance that we will generate sufficient revenues to maintain our business operations.
Recent adverse publicity concerning our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy may harm our ability to compete in a highly competitive environment.
Recent adverse publicity concerning our financial condition may harm our ability to attract new customers and to maintain favorable relationships with existing customers, suppliers and partners. Any such adverse affect could materially impact our ability to continue our operations.
Risks Related to our Common Stock
We are a voluntary filer with the SEC and we may cease reporting at any time.
We are not current in our filing obligations with the SEC. We are currently filing reports with the SEC but we may cease reporting at any time. In that event, the liquidity of our common stock would be severely diminished and our ability to continue our operations could be materially affected.
West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC owns a significant percentage of our Company and can exercise significant influence over us.
As of our emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy on February 2, 2009, WCOF owned approximately 90% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Through the purchase of additional shares in 2009, WCOF owned 91% of the outstanding shares of our common stock as of December 31, 2009. So long as WCOF controls a majority of our outstanding equity, WCOF will continue to have the ability to control any matters submitted for shareholder approval such as mergers, sales of all or substantially all of our assets, amendments to our articles of incorporation, and other corporate matters. This concentration of ownership by WCOF may discourage additional investors in the Company or prevent us from undergoing a change of control in the future that would otherwise be beneficial to shareholders.
No established trading market exists for the common stock we issued upon our emergence from bankruptcy, and if one develops, it may not be liquid.
No established trading market exists for the common stock we issued upon our emergence from bankruptcy, and there is no assurance that any active trading market will develop in the future. There is no assurance that any national securities exchange will approve our new common stock for listing as there is no assurance that we will satisfy the criteria for listing, or be approved for listing on such exchange. Absent an active public market for our common stock, an investment in our shares should be considered illiquid.
There is no assurance that a sufficient market will develop in our stock, in which case it could be difficult for our stockholders to sell their shares. The market for our stock may be further impacted by our status as a voluntary filer with the SEC. Such status will restrict our common stock from trading on a security exchange.
Trading of our stock may be restricted by the SECs penny stock regulations, which may limit a stockholders ability to buy and sell our common stock.
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define penny stock to be any equity security that has a market price (as defined) less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. Our securities may be covered by the penny stock rules, which impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell to persons other than established customers and accredited investors. The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document in a form prepared by the SEC, which provides information about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny stock market. The broker-dealer also must provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction and monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customers account. The bid and offer quotations, and the broker-dealer and salesperson compensation information, must be given to the customer orally or in writing prior to effecting the transaction and must be given to the customer in writing before or with the customers confirmation. In addition, the penny stock rules require that prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from these rules, the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchasers written agreement to the transaction. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity in the secondary market for the stock that is subject to these penny stock rules. Consequently, these penny stock rules may affect the ability of broker-dealers to trade our securities, which ultimately may affect the liquidity of our securities.
The FINRA sales practice requirements may also limit a stockholders ability to buy and sell our stock.
In addition to the penny stock rules described above, Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or FINRA has adopted rules that require that in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer. Prior to recommending speculative low priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customers financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. The FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our stock and have an adverse effect on the market for our shares.
Our stock price and trading volume may be volatile, which could result in losses for our stockholders.
Even if a market for our common stock is established, the price of our common stock may be volatile. The equity trading markets have experienced and may experience periods of volatility, which could result in highly variable and unpredictable pricing of equity securities. The market price of our common stock could change in ways that may or may not be related to our business, our industry or our operating performance and financial condition. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include:
· actual or anticipated quarterly variations in our operating results;
· changes in expectations as to our future financial performance or changes in financial estimates, if any, of public market analysts;
· announcements relating to our business or the business of our competitors;
· conditions generally affecting the oil and natural gas industry, including economic or other conditions that affect the demand for oil and natural gas;
· the success of our operating strategy; and
· the operating and stock price performance of other comparable companies.
ITEM 1B. |
|
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. |
|
Description of Properties
D-J Basin-Niobrara Formation
In December 2006, we purchased approximately 385,000 acres and 13 wells in eastern Colorado and western Nebraska, which were drilled to the Niobrara. The Niobrara formation in this part of the D-J Basin is an unconventional tight gas play characterized by a chalk formation. It is a high porosity/low permeability reservoir, roughly 40 feet thick with widespread structural biogenic gas deposits and extensive faulting. The Company has 178,000 net acres under lease in the play and operates 100% of its acreage position. The acreage is located in Sedgwick and Phillips Counties in Colorado and in Perkins, Chase and Dundy Counties in Nebraska.
Modern methods used to evaluate the Niobrara in the eastern D-J Basin are predominately driven by geophysics. Typically, leads are generated by 2-D seismic or subsurface mapping. The delineated anomalies are subsequently shot with 3-D seismic mapping effectively identifying gas by amplitude.
In 2007, we drilled twelve wells to the Niobrara. Eleven wells intercepted a productive section of the Niobrara. During 2009, the Company continued to operate the existing wells. No additional wells were drilled and no workovers were conducted.
Powder River Basin CBM
GAP and Bonepile Fields - The Company operated coal bed methane properties namely the GAP and Bonepile Fields, which were purchased from Marathon Oil Company in 2006. Due to low gas prices in 2007, the fields were uneconomic to operate and shut in on December 1, 2007. While in Chapter 11, these assets were sold to WYTEX Ventures effective May 23, 2008.
Homestead Draw Field - In 2006, the Company obtained approximately a 9.0% non-operated working interest in the Homestead Draw CBM Field in Campbell County, Wyoming. This field produces from multiple coal beds. As of December 31, 2009, we continue to hold a working interest position in this property.
Recluse Gathering Systems
In 2006, we made three acquisitions that were combined into our Recluse Gathering System. The system included two compressor stations, with interconnects with two major transportation lines and 74.5 miles of steel pipelines. The Recluse Gathering System was formerly an asset of PRB Gathering, Inc. Effective November 1, 2008, control of the Recluse Gathering System was turned over to a receiver appointed by the State Court of Wyoming.
Reserves
In December 2008, the SEC announced that it had approved revisions to oil and gas reporting requirements. A key revision to the rules pertains to commodity prices. The economic producibility of reserves and discounted cash flows are now based on a 12-month average commodity price as opposed to a year-end price in estimating reserves.
Additional revisions to the SEC rules provide for the use of new technology to estimate proved reserves. Additionally, the definition of proved oil and gas reserves had been expanded to include non-traditional resources, which focuses on the marketable product rather than the method of extraction.
Application of the new rules resulted in the use of lower prices at December 31, 2009 than would have resulted under the SECs previous methodology.
The Companys reserves at December 31, 2009 are as follows:
Reserves Category |
|
Natural Gas |
|
|
|
MMcf |
|
PROVED |
|
|
|
Developed |
|
|
|
North America |
|
1,721 |
|
USA |
|
1,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
Undeveloped |
|
|
|
North America |
|
7,428 |
|
USA |
|
7,428 |
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL PROVED |
|
9,149 |
|
A third party reserve audit was prepared by MHA Petroleum Consultants, Inc. (MHA). MHA provides a wide array of reservoir evaluation services including reserve determinations, prospect evaluations and acquisition and divestiture of properties. MHAs typical professional has 20 years of oil and gas experience. The lead consultant overseeing the Companys reserve report was Leslie S. OConnor, the president of MHA. She has over thirty years working as a petroleum industry consultant. She holds a degree in geology from Northern Arizona University and attended Colorado School of Mines for graduate studies in petroleum engineering. MHA was incorporated in 1994. Due to the size of our Company, Black Raven relies on the reserve audit prepared by MHA for its reserve estimates.
· MHA was commissioned by the Company to complete a reserve audit subject to the new SEC regulations with an effective date of January 1, 2010.
· The Companys complete reserve base is located in Wyoming and Colorado.
· MHA completed an independent decline curve analysis on the Companys proved producing wells. This analysis is supplemented by experience in the area with the producing formations. Production volumes were provided to MHA. All production volumes could be independently verified through public sources.
· MHA completed an analysis of the proved non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves using 3D seismic interpretation, volumetric analyses, and local and regional analogies.
· Additional information provided to MHA included first of the month pricing for 2009 in order to comply with the new SEC regulations, working and revenue interests in each well or property, lease operating expenses, estimated capital costs, and timing for development.
· MHAs reserve estimates were assigned on the basis of the Securities and Exchange Commission definitions, effective January 1, 2010.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves
As presented in the chart above, at year end 2009, Black Raven had 7,428 mmcf of proved undeveloped reserves. At year end 2008, Black Raven had 2,129 mmcf of proved undeveloped reserves. This increase of 5,299 mmcf was the result of the new SEC Regulations for calculating proved undeveloped reserves. During 2009, the Company conducted no drilling operations in order to increase reserves.
In December 2006, Black Raven became the owner and operator of the properties which hold the proved undeveloped reserves. The PUD locations were initially booked in Black Ravens year end 2007 reserve report.
Gas Sales
The following table summarizes the volumes sold and realized prices from our properties during the years ended December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 respectively. All items listed below are based on gas sales volume (Mcf). Therefore, these values are net numbers where fuel, lost and unaccounted for gas, and metering variances have been removed prior to the calculation.
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net annual gas sales (Mcf) (1) |
|
149,297 |
|
205,000 |
|
||
Average net daily gas sales (Mcf) |
|
409 |
|
562 |
|
||
Average realized price of gas per Mcf sold |
|
$ |
3.08 |
|
$ |
5.92 |
|
Lease operating expense per Mcf sold |
|
$ |
3.33 |
|
$ |
4.34 |
|
Production taxes per Mcf sold |
|
$ |
0.31 |
|
$ |
0.62 |
|
Transportation expense per Mcf sold |
|
$ |
1.78 |
|
$ |
0.77 |
|
(1) Net gas sales represent that portion of gas sold that is owned by us and produced to our ownership interest.
Productive Wells
As of December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had working interests in 63 productive wells (31 wells net) and 59 productive wells (27 wells net) respectively. Productive wells are either producing or capable of producing although shut-in or de-watering. Gross wells represent the total number of wells in which we have a working interest. Net wells represent the number of gross wells multiplied by the percentages of the working interests owned by us. One or more completions in the same bore hole are counted as one well.
Drilling Activity
The Company did not drill any wells in 2009 or 2008.
Acreage
The following table details the gross and net acres of developed and undeveloped properties that we hold. As of December 31, 2009, our properties accounted for the following developed and undeveloped acres:
|
|
Developed |
|
Undeveloped |
|
Total |
|
||||||
|
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Gross |
|
Net |
|
Wyoming |
|
1,011 |
|
94 |
|
806 |
|
74 |
|
1,817 |
|
168 |
|
Colorado |
|
960 |
|
960 |
|
101,348 |
|
93,581 |
|
102,308 |
|
94,541 |
|
Nebraska |
|
|
|
|
|
97,153 |
|
84,078 |
|
97,153 |
|
84,078 |
|
Total |
|
1,971 |
|
1,054 |
|
108,307 |
|
177,733 |
|
201,278 |
|
178,787 |
|
Gross represents acres in which we have a working interest. Net represents our aggregate working interests in the gross acres.
During 2008, expired undeveloped leases in Colorado resulted in an abandonment expense of approximately $3.9 million.
Office Facilities
We currently lease office space for our corporate headquarters at 1125 Seventeenth Street, Denver, Colorado 80202.
ITEM 3. |
|
On March 5, 2008, PRB Energy and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief for each business entity under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Colorado. On January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming PRB Energys and PRB Oils Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization. On February 2, 2009, PRB Energy and PRB Oil emerged from bankruptcy and PRB Energy changed its name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. PRB Gathering, Inc.s Chapter 11 Bankruptcy case was dismissed on February 17, 2010. See Item 1 Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Filing of this Annual Report.
As of the date of filing of this Annual Report, we are not currently party to any material pending litigation.
ITEM 4. |
|
ITEM 5. |
|
MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES. |
Principal Market of Common Stock
There is no longer an established trading market for the Companys common stock, as it is not currently traded or quoted on a national securities exchange, the OTC Bulletin Board or the Pink Sheets.
As of December 31, 2009, there were approximately 301 record holders of our common stock.
Dividend Policy
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and we do not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. We expect that we will retain all available earnings generated by our operations for the development and growth of our business. In addition, under the terms of the Amended Debenture that was issued on February 2, 2009 in connection with our emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, we are prohibited from declaring or paying cash dividends on our common stock during the period that the Amended Debenture is outstanding and unpaid. Payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors after taking into account many factors, including our operating results, financial condition, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion and the Amended Debenture.
ITEM 6. |
|
Not applicable.
ITEM 7. |
|
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. |
This Management Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements which have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. Managements plans concerning these matters are also described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from this uncertainty.
Overview
Black Raven is focused on the development of low-risk shallow gas reserves in the Niobrara formation of the eastern D-J Basin. The Niobrara formation in this part of the D-J Basin is an unconventional tight gas play characterized by a chalk formation. The Company has 178,000 net acres under lease in the play and operates 100% of its acreage position. The acreage is located in Sedgwick and Phillips Counties in Colorado and in Perkins, Chase and Dundy Counties in Nebraska.
On March 5, 2008, PRB Energy and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief for each business entity under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Colorado. PRB Energy continued to operate its business as a debtor-in-possession under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code.
On January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming PRB Energys and PRB Oils Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization. On February 2, 2009, PRB Energy and PRB Oil emerged from bankruptcy and PRB Energy changed its name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. PRB Oil was subsequently merged into the Company. See Item 1 of this Annual Report for a summary of recent developments since our emergence from bankruptcy.
Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2009
Summarized Results of Operations
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
|
Natural gas sales |
|
$ |
460 |
|
Operating expense |
|
2,862 |
|
|
Operating loss |
|
(2,402 |
) |
|
Other expense |
|
(1,289 |
) |
|
Gain on reorganization |
|
24,568 |
|
|
Other reorganization items |
|
(163 |
) |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
20,714 |
|
The following financial data should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified by reference to, our consolidated financial
statements and related notes thereto in Item 8 of this Annual Report. The financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has a net loss before reorganization items and income taxes of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 and faces significant immediate obligations in excess of its existing sources of liquidity. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. See Note 3 of the Financial Statements for a complete discussion of the Companys reorganization.
Revenue Our E&P revenues are determined by production from our existing properties and price based on market conditions for trading natural gas product. These market conditions such as weather, pipeline capacity and natural gas storage may have substantial effect on the revenues generated by our E&P segment.
E&P Production Taxes Production taxes are determined by the taxing authority. In 2009, our production taxes were paid primarily to Colorado included ad valorem charged by the counties based on assessed valuation of the properties, and severance and conservation taxes charged by the state. A nominal amount was paid to Wyoming in connection with our production within the Homestead Draw area. In 2008, our production taxes were paid primarily to Wyoming including ad valorem charged by the county based on assessed valuation of the properties, and severance and conservation taxes charged by the state. A nominal amount was paid to Colorado in connection with our production within the D-J basin.
E&P Operating Expense E&P natural gas lease production expense includes costs associated with operating the natural gas properties. Such costs include labor related to pumper and direct field supervision, electricity, surface-use agreements, equipment rental, fuel, chemicals, road maintenance, permits, supplies and other relevant well costs incurred to extract the natural gas from the well.
Depreciation, Depletion, Amortization and Accretion Expense Depreciation expense relates to our compressor sites, pipelines and other gas gathering equipment, office furniture, office equipment and computers. Depletion expense relates to developed and undeveloped leaseholds, capitalized development costs and related equipment. Amortization expense relates to the customer contracts underlying the gas gathering systems. Accretion expense relates to the change in our asset retirement obligation liability due to the passage of time. Depreciation and amortization expenses are based on estimates of the related assets useful lives. Depletion expense is calculated using the unit-of-production method based on estimated proved or estimated proved developed reserves. Accretion expense is calculated using the effective interest method.
General and Administrative Expense General and administrative expense includes the costs associated with our corporate office, including personnel costs, professional fees, office rent and other office support costs.
Interest Expense Interest expense primarily includes interest incurred after our emergence from bankruptcy in February 2009 on the Amended Debentures payable to West Coast Opportunity Fund in the amount of $18.5 million.
Asset Impairment Charge Assets are evaluated for impairment periodically throughout the year. In 2009, we did not incur any impairment expense.
Exploration Expense Exploration expense includes the costs of drilling unsuccessful exploratory wells.
Gain on reorganization The Company recognized a gain on reorganization of $24.6 million upon emergence from bankruptcy.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
Through November 1, 2008, we operated as two business segments through two wholly-owned subsidiaries. As of the date of filing of this Annual Report, we only operate our gas exploitation and production business segment.
E&P revenue decreased to $0.5 million in 2009 from $1.21 million in 2008, a decrease of approximately $753,000, or 62%. Natural gas price decreases of an average $2.84 per mcf resulted in a $424,000 decline in revenue. Volumetric declines resulted in a $329,000 decline in revenue. G&P revenue declined to $0 in 2009 from $1.1 million in 2008, due to the Recluse Gathering System being turned over to a court appointed receiver.
Selected Operating Expenses. The following table and the explanations that follow present information about our operating expenses for each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Increase |
|
Change |
|
|||
Operating costs - E&P |
|
$ |
616 |
|
$ |
1,230 |
|
$ |
(614 |
) |
(50 |
)% |
Operating costs - G&P |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
376 |
|
$ |
(376 |
) |
(100 |
)% |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization - E&P |
|
$ |
252 |
|
$ |
515 |
|
$ |
(263 |
) |
(51 |
)% |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization - G&P |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
280 |
|
$ |
(280 |
) |
(100 |
)% |
General and administrative (including bankruptcy expenses) |
|
$ |
2,126 |
|
$ |
3,311 |
|
$ |
(1,185 |
) |
(36 |
)% |
Interest expense |
|
$ |
1,303 |
|
$ |
3,351 |
|
$ |
(2,048 |
) |
(61 |
)% |
The changes as explained in the preceding table were primarily related to the following items:
Operating costs The decrease of $0.6 million or 50% was a result of the decrease in operating costs due to the sale of properties in 2008. The Company no longer operates its G&P segment.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization. The decrease of $0.3 million for E&P depletion resulted mainly from the impairment of the Homestead Draw field in 2008, which reduced our asset base on which depletion was calculated for 2009. The Company no longer operates its G&P segment.
General and administrative. The decrease of $1.2 million, or 36%, was a result of reduced personnel costs and general office-related expenses incurred after our bankruptcy filing. General and administrative expenses above include the costs for legal and other professional services incurred during 2009 and 2008 in connection with our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased $2.0 million, or 61%, due to the 2.5% interest rate on the Amended Debentures payable to West Coast Opportunity Fund.
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
Throughout 2007 and through November 1, 2008, we operated as two business segments through two wholly-owned subsidiaries. During 2009, we continued to operate our gas exploitation and production business segment.
E&P revenue decreased to $1.21 million in 2008 from $1.51 million in 2007, a decrease of approximately $300,000, or 20%. Volumetric declines stemming from the sale of wells and shutting in of uneconomic wells resulted in an $884,000 decline in revenue, offset by an increase of $584,000 due to natural gas price increases of an average $2.85 per mcf. G&P revenue declined to $1.1 million in 2008 from $1.5 million in 2007, due to the partial year operations of our G&P segment.
Selected Operating Expenses. The following table and the explanations that follow present information about our operating expenses for each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
(in thousands) |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
Increase |
|
Change |
|
|||
Operating costs - E&P |
|
$ |
1,230 |
|
$ |
2,383 |
|
$ |
(1,153 |
) |
(48 |
)% |
Operating costs - G&P |
|
$ |
376 |
|
$ |
1,800 |
|
$ |
(1,424 |
) |
(79 |
)% |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization - E&P |
|
$ |
515 |
|
$ |
2,429 |
|
$ |
(1,914 |
) |
(79 |
)% |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization - G&P |
|
$ |
280 |
|
$ |
1,766 |
|
$ |
(1,486 |
) |
(84 |
)% |
General and administrative (including bankruptcy expenses) |
|
$ |
3,311 |
|
$ |
5,783 |
|
$ |
(2,472 |
) |
(43 |
)% |
Interest expense |
|
$ |
3,351 |
|
$ |
8,365 |
|
$ |
(5,014 |
) |
(60 |
)% |
With our decision to exit our G&P product line in 2008, we realized significant cost savings within operating costs, depreciation, and general and administrative expenses. The changes as presented in the preceding table were primarily related to the following items:
Operating costs E&P. During 2008, the sale of properties, as well as the shutting-in or plugging wells resulted in a decrease of $1.2 million, or 48%, below 2007 operating cost levels.
Operating costs G&P. Operating costs for 2008 are through November 1, 2008 in comparison to a full year for 2007, resulting in a decline of $1.4 million or 79%.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization. The decrease of $1.9 million for E&P depletion mainly resulted from the sale of properties acquired in mid and late 2006. The decrease of $1.5 million for G&P is also the result of the impairment of gathering assets.
General and administrative. The decrease of $2.5 million, or 43%, was a result of reduced personnel costs and general office-related expenses incurred after our bankruptcy filing. General and administrative expenses above include the costs for legal and other professional services incurred during 2008 in connection with our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy.
Interest expense. Interest expense decreased $5.0 million, or 60%, due to the Chapter 11 filing. No interest expense was accrued or paid on the convertible notes or the senior secured debentures after the declaration of bankruptcy on March 5, 2008. The interest associated with the compressor capital lease arrangement that was part of the G&P segment was no longer a part of our operations in 2008. See Note 10 Borrowings to our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report for additional disclosures related to our financing facilities.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 were prepared under the assumption that we will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business.
At December 31, 2009, cash and cash equivalents totaled $1.1 million. At December 31, 2009, working capital was $0.8 million. As a result of our operating losses in 2007 and our inability to meet our obligations under the senior subordinated convertible notes and senior secured debentures, we filed for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in March 2008. On February 2, 2009, we emerged from bankruptcy.
At December 31, 2008, cash and cash equivalents totaled approximately $0.5 million, and working capital was approximately ($16.8) million. The significant increase in working capital from the prior year is primarily due to the classification of $18.5 million of our Debentures as a long-term liability in accordance with the terms and conditions of our Restated and Amended Debentures. This obligation was previously classified as a current liability as of December 31, 2008. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2009, we raised approximately $1.5 million in proceeds through the issuance of additional secured Debentures and $3.5 million through the sale of common stock to WCOF in connection with our emergence from bankruptcy.
Capital Expenditures Substantial capital is required to replace and grow reserves. During 2009, we spent approximately $0.4 million on capital expenditures, compared to $1.9 million in 2008. The significant decrease is due to limited working capital and our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy filing.
Cash Flows from Operations Cash flows used in operations totaled ($3.2) million and ($1.2) million during 2009 and 2008, respectively. Cash flow from our E&P operations is dependent upon the price of natural gas and our ability to increase production, and manage costs. Natural gas prices decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 and the Company also experienced volumetric declines. Therefore, we were unable to generate the cash flows from operations necessary to sustain our working capital needs or contribute to our drilling program.
Managements Plans to Obtain Additional Capital
Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on our ability to obtain additional capital. Cash and cash equivalents on hand, internally generated cash flows, and proceeds from the common stock sales discussed above will require augmentation from asset sales or equity or debt financing to fund our debt service, working capital requirements, planned drilling, potential acquisitions and other capital expenditures in the future. The amount and allocation of future capital and exploitation expenditures will depend upon several factors including the number and size of acquisitions, drilling opportunities, future cash flows from operating and financing activities, and our ability to assimilate acquisitions. Also, the impact of oil and gas market prices on investment opportunities, the availability of capital and borrowing facilities and the success of our exploitation and development activities, particularly in Colorado, could lead to changes in funding requirements for future development.
The Company is currently exploring opportunities to raise capital, including a private placement of its common stock. There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure this additional financing and, accordingly, the Companys liquidity and ability to execute its business plan and to timely pay its obligations when due could be adversely affected. If we fail to secure equity financing for future development in a private placement of our common stock, we will pursue other financing options through debt arrangements, joint venture partners, farm-out agreements or the sale of assets. We may be unable to raise additional capital in a timely manner, on acceptable terms or at all.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of December 31, 2009, the Company has no material off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We are engaged in the exploration, exploitation, development, acquisition, and production of natural gas. Our discussion of financial condition and results of operations is based upon the information reported in our consolidated financial statements. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of our financial statements. We base our decisions affecting the estimates we use on historical experience and various other sources that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from the estimates we calculate due to changes in business conditions or unexpected circumstances. Policies we believe are critical to understanding our business operations and results of operations are detailed below. For additional information on our significant accounting policies refer to Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Note 5 Asset Retirement Obligations, and Note 11 Disclosures about Oil and Gas Producing Activities in our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Oil and gas reserve quantities. Estimated reserve quantities and the related estimates of future net cash flows are critical estimates for an exploration and production company because they affect the perceived value of our Company, are used in comparative financial analysis ratios and are used as the basis for the most significant accounting estimates in our financial statements. The significant accounting estimates primarily include the periodic calculations of depletion, depreciation, and impairment of our proved oil and gas properties. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying benchmark prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, in effect at the end of each period to the estimated quantities of oil and gas remaining to be produced as of the end of that period. Expected cash flows are reduced to present value using a discount rate that depends upon the purpose for which the reserve estimates will be used. For example, the standardized measure calculations required by FASB ASC Topic 932 requires a ten percent discount rate to be applied. Although reserve estimates are inherently imprecise, and estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than those of established producing oil and gas properties, we make a considerable effort in estimating our reserves, including using independent reserve engineering consultants. We expect that periodic reserve estimates will change in the future as additional information becomes available or as oil and gas prices and operating and capital costs change. We evaluate and estimate our oil and gas reserves for impairment at December 31each year, unless factors would indicate to us to evaluate our reserves more frequently. For purposes of depletion, depreciation, and impairment, reserve quantities are adjusted at all interim periods for the estimated impact of additions and dispositions. Changes in depletion, depreciation, or impairment calculations caused by changes in reserve quantities or net cash flows are recorded in the period that the reserve estimates change.
Successful efforts method of accounting. Generally accepted accounting principles provide for two alternative methods for the oil and gas industry to use in accounting for oil and gas producing activities. These two methods are generally known in our industry as the full cost method and the successful efforts method. Both methods are widely used. The methods are different enough that in many circumstances the same set of facts will provide materially different financial statement results within a given year. We have chosen the successful efforts method of accounting for our oil and gas producing activities, and a detailed description is included in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization. Our rate of recording DD&A is dependent upon our estimates of total proved and proved developed reserves, which estimates incorporate various assumptions and future projections. If the estimates of total proved or proved developed reserves decline, the rate at which we record DD&A expense increases, reducing our net income. Such a decline in reserves may result from lower commodity prices, which may make it uneconomic to drill for and produce higher cost fields. We are unable to predict changes in reserve quantity estimates as such quantities are dependent on the success of our exploitation and development program, as well as future economic conditions.
Revenue recognition. We derive our revenue primarily from the sale of produced natural gas. We report revenue as the gross amounts we receive before taking into account production taxes and transportation costs. Revenue is recorded in the month our production is delivered to the purchaser, but payment is generally received between 30 and 90 days after the date of production. No revenue is recognized unless it is determined that title to the product has transferred to a purchaser. At the end of each month we make estimates of the amount of production delivered to the purchaser and the price we will receive. We use our knowledge of our properties, their historical performance, local spot market prices, and other factors as the basis for these estimates. Variances between our estimates and the actual amounts received are recorded in the month payment is received. Historical differences have not been significant.
Asset retirement obligations. We are required to recognize an estimated liability for future costs associated with the abandonment of our oil and gas properties. We base our estimate of the liability on our historical experience in abandoning oil and gas wells projected into the future based on our current understanding of federal and state regulatory requirements. Our present value calculations require us to estimate the economic lives of our properties, assume what future inflation rates apply to external estimates,
and determine what credit adjusted risk-free rate to use. The impact to the consolidated statement of operations from these estimates is reflected in our depreciation, depletion, and amortization calculations and occurs over the remaining life of our properties.
Valuation of long-lived and intangible assets. Our property and equipment are recorded at cost. Unproved properties are assessed periodically to ascertain whether impairment has occurred. Unproved properties whose costs are individually significant are assessed individually by considering the primary lease terms of the properties, the holding period of the properties, and geographic and geologic data obtained relating to the properties. Where it is not practicable to assess individually the amount of impairment of properties for which costs are not individually significant, such properties are grouped for purposes of assessing impairment. An impairment charge is taken on unproven property when we determine that the property will not be developed or the carrying value will not be realized. We evaluate the realizability of our proved properties and other long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may be appropriate. Our impairment test compares the expected undiscounted future net revenues from property, using escalated pricing, with the related net capitalized cost of the property at the end of each period. When the net capitalized costs exceed the undiscounted future net revenue of a property, the cost of the property is written down to our estimate of fair value, which is determined by applying a discount rate that we believe is indicative of the current market. Our criteria for an acceptable internal rate of return are subject to change over time. Different pricing assumptions or discount rates could result in a different calculated impairment.
Income taxes. We provide for deferred income taxes on the difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its carrying amount in our financial statements in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740). This difference will result in taxable income or deductions in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Considerable judgment is required in determining when these events may occur and whether recovery of an asset is more likely than not. Additionally, our federal and state income tax returns are generally not filed before the consolidated financial statements are prepared, therefore, we estimate the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at the end of each period as well as the effects of tax rate changes, tax credits, and net operating and capital loss carry-forwards and carry-backs. Adjustments related to differences between the estimates we used and actual amounts we report are recorded in the periods in which we file our income tax returns. These adjustments and changes in our estimates of asset recovery and liability settlement could have an impact on our results of operations.
ITEM 7A. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURE OF MARKET RISK.
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The financial statements required pursuant to this Item 8 are included in Item 15 of this Annual Report and begin on page F-1.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
Under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Our management conducted an assessment of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework. The Companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(i) Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
(ii) Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
(iii) Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Companys assets that have a material effect on the financial statements.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. Based on our assessment and those criteria, management believes that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the Companys registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Managements report was not subject to attestation by the Companys registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only managements report in this Annual Report.
None.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
Biographical information, including principal occupation and business experience during the last five years, of each member of our Board as of March 15, 2010 is set forth below.
Directors
Thomas E. Riley, age 57, joined us as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer in July 2009. Prior to joining Black Raven, he spent the prior thirteen years growing Petroleum Development Corp. (PDC) (NASDAQ: PETD). Tom joined PDC in 1996 through a merger with his company Riley Natural Gas Co., and became its President in 2004. Tom founded and managed Riley Natural Gas Co. and RNG Service Co. for ten years prior to joining PDC. In addition, he spent six years at Consolidated Natural Gas Co. and seven years at Berea Oil & Gas Co. Tom holds a Petroleum Engineering degree from West Virginia University. We believe that Mr. Rileys financial and business expertise, including a diversified background of managing and directing oil and gas companies, gives him the qualifications and skills to serve as a director.
Gus J. Blass III, age 57, joined the Board in June 2006. He has been a General Partner of Capital Properties LLC since 1981. Capital Properties owns and manages over one million square feet of warehouse space in the Little Rock, Arkansas area and invests in public and private companies. Mr. Blass currently serves on the Board of Directors at Bancorp South, Cajuns Wharf Corporation and NutraCheck, Inc. Mr. Blass has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Finance and Banking from the University of Arkansas. We believe that Mr. Blasss financial and business expertise, including a diversified background of managing and directing public and private companies with substantial real property and serving on other boards of directors, gives him the qualifications and skills to serve as a director.
Daniel R. Frederickson, age 63, joined the Board in July 2009. He was the President of Kinkos Inc from 1986 to 1997. He is active in real estate ventures and serves on the Board of Directors for Culligan Water Co. Inc and Cydcor Inc. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Music from Central Missouri University and proudly served in Vietnam with the U.S. Marine Corps. We believe that Mr. Fredericksons financial, business and real property expertise in managing and directing several public companies and real estate ventures, gives him the qualifications and skills to serve as a director.
William F. Hayworth, age 55, joined us as President, Chief Operating Officer and Director in June 2004. He served as Chief Executive Officer from January 31, 2008 to July 8, 2009. He currently serves as our President. From 2002 to 2004, he served as a consultant through his wholly-owned company, BAM Energy, Inc., to various energy companies acting as project manager and evaluation specialist for coal-bed methane pilot projects in Kansas, Wyoming, western Colorado and Utah. From 1997 to 2002, he was Vice President-Operations for Intoil, Inc. in Denver. His responsibilities included management and coordination of the companys drilling and production activities as well as the design and construction of gathering facilities. Prior to 1997, he was employed by Unit Corporation in Houston, Texas and was the Engineering/Operations Manager for Patrick Petroleum in Houston, Texas and Jackson, Michigan. In addition to his responsibilities for supervision of technical staff and field personnel, Mr. Hayworth evaluated potential
acquisitions and divestitures for Patrick Petroleum. He also spent 12 years with Phillips Petroleum where he held various reservoir drilling and production engineering positions in the United Kingdom, Norway, Texas and Oklahoma. Mr. Hayworth holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Michigan. He is a member of the American Association of Drilling Engineers, the Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, the International Association of Drilling Contractors, the Society of Petroleum Engineers and the Energy Finance Group. We believe that Mr. Hayworths financial and business expertise, including a diversified background of in the oil and gas industry, gives him the qualifications and skills to serve as a director.
Atticus Lowe, age 29, is the Chief Investment Officer and a Principal of Black Ravens largest shareholder, West Coast Asset Management, Inc., a Registered Investment Advisor. In addition to his extensive investment experience, Atticus has experience in the energy industry as a founder and principal of Black Sable Energy, LLC. Atticus is a Co-Author of The Entrepreneurial Investor (Published by John Wiley & Sons) and has been a featured speaker at the Value Investing Congress. He is a CFA Charterholder and holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics and Business from Westmont College. We believe that Mr. Lowes financial, investment and business expertise, including his work in the energy industry, gives him the qualifications and skills to serve as a director.
Audit Committee
As of December 31, 2009, the Board had an Audit Committee and its members were Atticus Lowe (Chairman), Gus Blass and Dan Frederickson. Gus Blass and Dan Frederickson satisfied the independence standards specified in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act. Each member of the Audit Committee was financially literate and was able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows. The Board has determined that Atticus Lowe qualified as an audit committee financial expert as defined in the Exchange Act. The Audit Committee operated pursuant to a written charter. As enumerated in the charter, the Audit Committee makes recommendations concerning the engagement of independent public accountants and reviews our quarterly and annual financial statements with the independent public accountants. The Audit Committee also reviews with the independent accountants the plans and results of the audit engagement, the range of audit and non-audit fees, and the integrity, adequacy and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting. The Audit Committee oversees and periodically confirms the independence of our independent accountants pre-approves services performed by our independent accountants and reviews the results of the audit and the independent accountants report for each fiscal year with management and with the independent accountants. The Audit Committee also reviews all proposed transactions between us and persons that are considered related parties.
Stockholder Procedures to Nominate Directors
There were no material changes to stockholder procedures for nomination of directors during the year ended December 31, 2009.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to provide guidance on maintaining our commitment to being honest and ethical in our business endeavors. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics covers a wide range of business practices, procedures and basic principles regarding corporate and personal conduct and applies to all of our directors, executives, officers and employees. A copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is filed as Exhibit 14.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. In addition, a copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics may be obtained, without charge, by written request submitted to the Secretary at Black Raven Energy, Inc., 1125 Seventeenth Street, Suite 2300, Denver, Colorado 80202.
Executive Officers
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers as of December 31, 2009.
Name |
|
Age |
|
Positions |
William F. Hayworth |
|
55 |
|
President and Director |
|
|
|
|
|
Thomas E. Riley |
|
57 |
|
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
Patrick A. Quinn |
|
56 |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
The principal occupation of each executive officer of the Company as of December 31, 2009, for at least the past five years, is as follows:
William F. Hayworth President and Chief Operating Officer. More detailed information regarding Mr. Hayworths business experience is set forth under Directors. Mr. Hayworth became the Chief Executive Officer on January 31, 2008 and resigned July 7, 2009.
Thomas E. Riley Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. More detailed information regarding Mr. Rileys business experience is set forth under Directors. Mr. Reilly became the Chief Executive Officer on July 8, 2009.
Patrick A. Quinn, age 56, was appointed as contract Chief Financial Officer for the Company on an interim basis as of January 10, 2010. Mr. Quinn brings more than 30 years of accounting experience to Black Raven, including 20 years as the President of Quinn & Associates, P.C., which provides accounting, audit, tax and merger and acquisition consulting services to businesses in the real estate, mining and oil and gas industries. He has served as the Controller of Hamilton Oil Corporation from 1981 to 1986, the contract CFO of Teton Energy Corporation from 2004 to 2006, and the contract CFO of Intrepid Mining, LLC (predecessor to Intrepid Potash, Inc. (NYSE: IPI)) from 2000 to 2008. Mr. Quinn holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from Colorado State University.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Summary Compensation Table
(a) |
|
(b) |
|
(c) |
|
(d) |
|
(e) |
|
(f) |
|
(g) |
|
|||||
Name and Principal Position |
|
Year |
|
Salary |
|
Bonus |
|
Option |
|
All Other |
|
Total |
|
|||||
Thomas E. Riley Chief Executive Officer and Director (3) |
|
2009 |
|
$ |
55,385 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
4,867 |
|
$ |
60,252 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
William Hayworth President,Chief Executive Officer and Director (4) |
|
2009 |
|
$ |
221,154 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
156,563 |
|
$ |
27,733 |
|
$ |
405,423 |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
$ |
317,692 |
|
$ |
26,923 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
26,180 |
|
$ |
370,795 |
|
(1) The amounts reflect the total recognized for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation Stock Compensation (ASC Topic 718), for stock options and include amounts from awards granted in 2009. Assumptions used in the calculation of this amount under the Black-Scholes method are included in footnote 11 to our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009.
(2) The amount shown reflects:
· Matching contributions pursuant to our 401(k) Savings Plan was $6,635 for Mr. Hayworth for 2009 and $8,931 for 2008. Matching contributions pursuant to our 401(k) Savings Plan was $1,523 for Mr. Riley for 2009.
· Health Care Medical Plan compensation for 2009 was $21,098 for Mr. Hayworth and $17,249 for 2008. Health Care Medical Plan compensation for 2009 was $3,344 for Mr. Riley.
(3) Mr. Riley became our Chief Executive Officer on July 8, 2009.
(4) Mr. Hayworth served as our Chief Executive Officer from January 31, 2008 to July 8, 2009 and currently serves as our President.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
(a) |
|
(b) |
|
(c) |
|
(d) |
|
(e) |
|
(f) |
|
|
|
Option Awards |
|
||||||||
Name |
|
Number of |
|
Number of |
|
Equity Incentive |
|
Option |
|
Option |
|
William Hayworth |
|
|
|
750,000 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
7/1/2019 |
|
|
|
125,000 |
(2) |
|
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
9/16/2019 |
|
(1) The options granted under the 2009 Equity Compensation Plan expire in ten years.
(2) These options vested immediately upon grant.
Director Compensation
Name |
|
Fees |
|
Stock |
|
Option |
|
Non-Equity |
|
Non-qualified |
|
All Other |
|
Total |
|
|||
Gus Blass III |
|
$ |
1,000 |
|
|
|
$ |
32,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
33,250 |
|
Daniel Frederickson |
|
$ |
1,000 |
|
|
|
$ |
32,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
33,250 |
|
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table is a summary of the shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plan as of December 31, 2009.
Plan category |
|
Number of securities to |
|
Weighted-average |
|
Number of securities |
|
|
Equity Compensation Plan Approved by Security Holders |
|
3,791,666 |
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
2,459,166 |
|
Equity Compensation Plan Not Approved by Security Holders |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
Total |
|
3,791,666 |
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
2,459,166 |
|
Beneficial Ownership
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of December 31, 2009 by:
· each of our directors and named executive officers;
· all executive officers and directors as a group; and
· each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common stock.
Beneficial ownership of our common stock is based on 16,660,965 shares of common stock outstanding at March 15, 2010. Beneficial ownership of our common stock is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes any shares of common stock over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment powers, or of which such person has a right to acquire ownership at any time within 60 days of December 31, 2009. All shares listed below are held directly unless otherwise noted.
Name of Beneficial Owner |
|
Number of |
|
Percent of |
|
Stockholders Owning More Than 5%: |
|
|
|
|
|
West Coast Opportunity Fund |
|
15,166,667 |
|
91.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors and Named Executive Officers: |
|
|
|
|
|
William F. Hayworth (1) |
|
125,000 |
|
* |
|
Gus Blass III (2) |
|
332,536 |
|
2.0 |
% |
Daniel Frederickson (3) |
|
50,000 |
|
* |
|
Atticus Lowe (4) |
|
15,166,667 |
|
91.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors and executive officers as a group (6 persons): |
|
15,674,203 |
|
94.0 |
% |
* Less than 1%
(1) Includes 125,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options currently exercisable.
(2) Includes 141,268 Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants.
(3) Includes 50,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options currently exercisable.
(4) Mr. Lowe serves as Chief Investment Officer of West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC. Mr. Lowes beneficial ownership includes shares held by West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
Independence of Directors
The Board determined that Gus J. Blass III and Dan Frederickson have no material relationship with us, directly or indirectly, that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following table presents the aggregate fees billed for the indicated services performed by Deloitte & Touche LLP (Deloitte) for the 2009 and 2008 fiscal years
Deloitte |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Audit fees |
|
$ |
125,000 |
|
$ |
65,000 |
|
Audit-related fees |
|
|
|
|
|
||
All other fees |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total fees |
|
$ |
125,000 |
|
$ |
65,000 |
|
For purposes of the preceding table, the professional fees are classified as follows:
Audit Fees. This category includes the aggregate fees billed for professional services rendered for the audits of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 and for the reviews of the financial statements included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q during the year. These services are normally provided by the independent public accountants in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the relevant fiscal year. The Audit Committee approved the 2009 audit fees.
Audit-Related Fees. This category includes the aggregate fees billed for the year ended December 31, 2009 for review of internal controls, consents for use of predecessor audited financial reports, transition of audit firms and related services by the independent public accountants that related to the performance of audits or reviews of the financial statements that are not reported above under Audit Fees.
All Other Fees. This category includes the aggregate fees billed for the 2009 financials and reports and consists of out-of-pocket expenses, products and services provided by the independent public accountants that are not reported above under Audit fees or Audit-Related fees.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
(1) Consolidated Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements are filed as part of this report:
F-1 |
|
F-2 |
|
F-4 |
|
F-5 |
|
F-6 |
|
F-7 |
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not required, are not applicable, or the information is provided elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibit List
Exhibit |
|
Description |
2.1 |
|
Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization Filed by PRB Energy, Inc. and PRB Oil & Gas, Inc., dated December 3, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 21, 2009) |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Black Raven Energy, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2009) |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Black Raven Energy, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2009) |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
Amended and Restated Senior Secured Debenture (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2009) |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
Form of Warrant Certificate of Black Raven Energy, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2009) |
|
|
|
10.1 |
|
Limited Waiver, Consent, and Modification Agreement, dated February 2, 2009, by and among PRB Oil & Gas, Inc., Black Raven Energy, Inc. and West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2009) |
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
Agreement Regarding New Equity Raise Under the Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization, effective as of April 13, 2009, by and among Black Raven Energy, Inc., West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC and the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2009) |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 23, 2009, by and between Black Raven Energy, Inc. and West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2009) |
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated July 9, 2009, by and between Black Raven Energy, Inc. and West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 27, 2009, by and between Black Raven Energy, Inc. and West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.6 |
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated September 16, 2009, by and between Black Raven Energy, Inc. and West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.7 |
|
Black Raven Energy, Inc. Equity Compensation Plan (the Equity Compensation Plan) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.8 |
|
Form of Option Grant under the Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.9 |
|
Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the Equity Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007) |
|
|
|
21.1┼ |
|
List of subsidiaries |
|
|
|
23.1┼ |
|
Consent of MHA Petroleum Consultants, Inc. |
|
|
|
24.1 |
|
Powers of Attorney, incorporated by reference to Signature page attached hereto |
|
|
|
31.1┼ |
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
|
|
|
31.2┼ |
|
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
32.1┼ |
|
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
|
|
|
99.1┼ |
|
Report of MHA Petroleum Consultants, Inc., dated February 17, 2010, concerning the audit of oil and gas reserve estimates |
┼ Filed herewith
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
Black Raven Energy, Inc. |
|
|
Date: April 2, 2010 |
/s/ Thomas E. Riley |
|
Thomas E. Riley Chief Executive Officer |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Tom Riley as his attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact, or their substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas E. Riley |
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
April 2, 2010 |
Thomas E. Riley |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Patrick A. Quinn |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
April 2, 2010 |
Patrick A. Quinn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ William F. Hayworth |
|
President and Director |
|
April 2, 2010 |
William F. Hayworth |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Gus J. Blass, III |
|
Director |
|
April 2, 2010 |
Gus J. Blass, III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Atticus Lowe |
|
Director |
|
April 2, 2010 |
Atticus Lowe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Dan Frederickson |
|
Director |
|
April 2, 2010 |
Dan Frederickson |
|
|
|
|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Black Raven Energy, Inc.
Denver, Colorado
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Black Raven Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related statements of operations, stockholders equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Black Raven Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements, during 2008 Black Raven Energy, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, PRB Oil and Gas, Inc. and PRB Gathering, Inc., filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. At December 31, 2009, PRB Gathering, Inc. remains in Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The accompanying financial statements do not purport to reflect or provide for the consequences of the PRB Gathering, Inc. bankruptcy proceedings. In particular, such financial statements do not purport to show (1) as to PRB Gathering, Inc. assets, their realizable value on a liquidation basis or their availability to satisfy liabilities; (2) as to PRB Gathering, Inc. prepetition liabilities, the amounts that may be allowed for claims or contingencies, or the status and priority thereof; (3) as to the PRB Gathering, Inc. stockholder accounts, the effect of any changes that may be made in the capitalization of PRB Gathering, Inc.; or (4) as to PRB Gathering, Inc.s operations, the effect of any changes that may be made in its business.
As also discussed in Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements, on January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Black Raven Energy, Inc. and PRB Oil and Gas, Inc. plan of reorganization which became effective on February 2, 2009. Under the plan of reorganization, Black Raven Energy, Inc. and PRB Oil and Gas, Inc. are required to comply with certain terms and conditions as more fully described in Note 3 to the financial statements.
As discussed in Notes 2 and 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of oil and gas reserve estimation and related required disclosures in 2009 with the implementation of new accounting guidance.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Companys recurring losses from operations and stockholders deficit raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Managements plans concerning these matters are also discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Denver, Colorado
April 2, 2010
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc.)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
1,064 |
|
$ |
472 |
|
Accounts receivable, net |
|
62 |
|
81 |
|
||
Inventory |
|
62 |
|
43 |
|
||
Prepaid expenses |
|
108 |
|
351 |
|
||
Total current assets |
|
1,296 |
|
947 |
|
||
Oil and gas properties accounted for under the successful efforts method of accounting: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Proved properties |
|
4,626 |
|
4,085 |
|
||
Unproved leaseholds |
|
5,842 |
|
6,127 |
|
||
Wells-in-progress |
|
483 |
|
721 |
|
||
Total oil and gas properties |
|
10,951 |
|
10,933 |
|
||
Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
(1,212 |
) |
(1,126 |
) |
||
Net oil and gas properties |
|
9,739 |
|
9,807 |
|
||
Gathering and other property and equipment: |
|
2,964 |
|
2,818 |
|
||
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
(925 |
) |
(816 |
) |
||
Net gathering and other property and equipment |
|
2,039 |
|
2,002 |
|
||
Other non-current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Deferred debt issuance costs, net |
|
247 |
|
360 |
|
||
Other non-current assets |
|
96 |
|
65 |
|
||
Total other non-current assets |
|
343 |
|
425 |
|
||
TOTAL ASSETS |
|
$ |
13,417 |
|
$ |
13,181 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc.)
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Continued)
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
||
Liabilities and Stockholders Deficit |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Liabilities not subject to compromise - current: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
238 |
|
$ |
917 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
308 |
|
2,325 |
|
||
Current portion of secured debentures, net of discount |
|
|
|
14,537 |
|
||
Total current liabilities |
|
546 |
|
17,779 |
|
||
Secured debentures, net of current portion and discount |
|
17,828 |
|
|
|
||
Asset retirement obligation |
|
219 |
|
345 |
|
||
Investment in insolvent subsidiary |
|
1,072 |
|
1,072 |
|
||
Total liabilities not subject to compromise |
|
19,665 |
|
19,196 |
|
||
Liabilities subject to compromise |
|
|
|
24,730 |
|
||
Total liabilities |
|
19,665 |
|
43,926 |
|
||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8) |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Stockholders deficit |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Common stock, par value $.001, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 16,660,965 and 8,721,994 issued and 16,660,965 and 7,802,094 outstanding for 2009 and 2008, respectively |
|
17 |
|
10 |
|
||
Treasury stock, 0 and 919,900 shares, at cost, respectively |
|
|
|
(1,257 |
) |
||
Additional paid-in-capital |
|
29,441 |
|
26,922 |
|
||
Accumulated deficit |
|
(35,706 |
) |
(56,420 |
) |
||
Total stockholders deficit |
|
(6,248 |
) |
(30,745 |
) |
||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
|
$ |
13,417 |
|
$ |
13,181 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc.)
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands except share and per share amounts)
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Revenue: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Natural gas sales |
|
$ |
460 |
|
$ |
1,213 |
|
Gas gathering and processing |
|
|
|
1,130 |
|
||
Other |
|
|
|
21 |
|
||
Total revenue |
|
460 |
|
2,364 |
|
||
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Natural gas production expense |
|
616 |
|
1,230 |
|
||
Gas gathering and processing expense |
|
|
|
376 |
|
||
Exploration expense |
|
8 |
|
17 |
|
||
Asset impairment charge |
|
|
|
5,242 |
|
||
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion |
|
252 |
|
981 |
|
||
General and administrative |
|
1,986 |
|
2,169 |
|
||
Total operating expenses |
|
2,862 |
|
10,015 |
|
||
Operating loss |
|
(2,402 |
) |
(7,651 |
) |
||
Other income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Interest and other income |
|
14 |
|
16 |
|
||
Interest expense |
|
(1,303 |
) |
(3,351 |
) |
||
Total other expense |
|
(1,289 |
) |
(3,335 |
) |
||
Loss before reorganization items and income taxes |
|
(3,691 |
) |
(10,986 |
) |
||
Reorganization items: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Gain on reorganization |
|
24,568 |
|
|
|
||
Loss on disposal of assets |
|
(26 |
) |
(2 |
) |
||
Professional fees |
|
(140 |
) |
(1,142 |
) |
||
Interest on accumulated cash resulting from Chapter 11 bankruptcy |
|
3 |
|
33 |
|
||
Total reorganization items |
|
24,405 |
|
(1,111 |
) |
||
Net income (loss) before income taxes |
|
20,714 |
|
(12,097 |
) |
||
Income tax provision/benefit |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
20,714 |
|
$ |
(12,097 |
) |
Net income (loss) per common sharebasic and diluted |
|
$ |
1.37 |
|
$ |
(1.39 |
) |
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding |
|
15,086,117 |
|
8,721,994 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc.)
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity (Deficit)
Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2008
(In thousands except share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|||||
|
|
Common |
|
Treasury |
|
Paid - In |
|
Accumulated |
|
Stockholders |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
Capital |
|
Deficit |
|
Equity (Deficit) |
|
|||||
Balance at January 1, 2008 |
|
8,721,994 |
|
$ |
10 |
|
919,900 |
|
$ |
(1,257 |
) |
$ |
27,014 |
|
$ |
(44,323 |
) |
$ |
(18,556 |
) |
Share-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(92 |
) |
|
|
(92 |
) |
|||||
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12,097 |
) |
(12,097 |
) |
|||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
|
8,721,994 |
|
10 |
|
919,900 |
|
(1,257 |
) |
26,922 |
|
(56,420 |
) |
(30,745 |
) |
|||||
Cancellation of common stock in bankruptcy |
|
(8,721,994 |
) |
(10 |
) |
(919,900 |
) |
1,257 |
|
(1,247 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|||||
Issuance of common stock |
|
14,994,298 |
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|||||
Sale of common stock |
|
1,666,667 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
3,498 |
|
|
|
3,500 |
|
|||||
Share-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
283 |
|
|
|
283 |
|
|||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,714 |
|
20,714 |
|
|||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
|
16,660,965 |
|
$ |
17 |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
29,441 |
|
$ |
(35,706 |
) |
$ |
(6,248 |
) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc.)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands except share amounts)
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cash flows from operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
20,714 |
|
$ |
(12,097 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion |
|
252 |
|
981 |
|
||
Asset impairment charge |
|
|
|
5,242 |
|
||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
|
113 |
|
417 |
|
||
Amortization of discount on debentures |
|
743 |
|
466 |
|
||
Bad debt expense |
|
|
|
4 |
|
||
Share-based compensation expense |
|
283 |
|
(92 |
) |
||
Gain on reorganization |
|
(24,568 |
) |
|
|
||
(Gain) loss on sale of assets and other |
|
26 |
|
(292 |
) |
||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Accounts receivable |
|
19 |
|
917 |
|
||
Inventory |
|
(19 |
) |
47 |
|
||
Prepaid expenses |
|
243 |
|
(216 |
) |
||
Other non-current assets |
|
(31 |
) |
7 |
|
||
Accounts payable |
|
(686 |
) |
1,681 |
|
||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
(220 |
) |
1,697 |
|
||
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
(3,131 |
) |
(1,238 |
) |
||
Cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Capital expenditures |
|
(367 |
) |
(1,885 |
) |
||
Change in restricted cash |
|
|
|
1,022 |
|
||
Investment in insolvent subsidiary |
|
|
|
(272 |
) |
||
Proceeds from sale of assets |
|
1 |
|
898 |
|
||
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
(366 |
) |
(237 |
) |
||
Cash flows from financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Proceeds from issuance of debt |
|
1,500 |
|
1,114 |
|
||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
|
3,500 |
|
|
|
||
Repayment of term loan |
|
(911 |
) |
|
|
||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
4,089 |
|
1,114 |
|
||
Net increase (decrease) in cash |
|
592 |
|
(361 |
) |
||
Cash and cash equivalentsbeginning of year |
|
472 |
|
833 |
|
||
Cash and cash equivalentsend of year |
|
$ |
1,064 |
|
$ |
472 |
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow activity |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cash paid for interest |
|
358 |
|
492 |
|
||
Supplemental schedule for non-cash activity |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Accrued capital expenditures |
|
7 |
|
407 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
BLACK RAVEN ENERGY, INC. (formerly known as PRB ENERGY, INC.)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2009
Note 1 - General
Black Raven Energy, Inc. (Black Raven, the Company, us, our or we), formerly known as PRB Energy, Inc. (PRB Energy), operates as an independent energy company engaged in the acquisition, exploitation, development and production of natural gas and oil in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. During 2008, we also provided gas gathering, processing and compression services for properties we operated and for third-party producers. We were initially incorporated in Nevada under the name PRB Transportation, Inc. in December 2003. On June 14, 2006, we changed our name to PRB Energy, Inc. Throughout 2007 and into 2008 PRB Energy operated as two business segments through two wholly-owned subsidiaries, PRB Oil and Gas, Inc. (PRB Oil), a gas and oil exploitation and production company (E&P) incorporated in Colorado in July 2005, and PRB Gathering, Inc., (PRB Gathering) a gathering and processing company (G&P) incorporated in Colorado in August 2006.
On March 5, 2008, PRB Energy and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief for each business entity (the Chapter 11 Bankruptcy) under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code (the Bankruptcy Code) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Colorado (the Bankruptcy Court). PRB Energy continued to operate its business as a debtor-in-possession under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. Effective April 28, 2008, PRB Energys common stock was delisted from the American Stock Exchange.
On January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming PRB Energys and PRB Oils Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the Plan). The effective date of the Plan was February 2, 2009 (the Effective Date). Pursuant to the Plan, all 8,721,994 shares of PRB Energys common stock were cancelled and PRB Energy changed its corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. The Plan provided that we continue as a public company following our emergence from bankruptcy and for the issuance of new common stock of Black Raven (New Common Stock) to certain claimants.
Effective November 1, 2008, control of the Recluse Gathering System owned by PRB Gathering was turned over to a receiver appointed by the State Court of Wyoming. Based on this loss of control, the Company deconsolidated the operations of PRB Gathering for financial reporting purposes. The Companys investment/obligation with regard to the PRB Gathering business is reflected as an Investment in Insolvent Subsidiary in the accompanying balance sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008. PRB Gathering was dismissed from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy on February 17, 2010.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company continues to experience net losses from its operations, reporting a net loss before reorganization items of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Cash and cash equivalents on hand and internally generated cash flows will not be sufficient to execute the Companys business plan. Future bank financings, asset sales, or other equity or debt financings will be required to fund the Companys debt service, working capital requirements, planned drilling, potential acquisitions and other capital expenditures. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern.
The Company is currently exploring opportunities to raise capital, including a private placement of its common stock. There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure this additional financing and, accordingly, the Companys liquidity and ability to execute its business plan and to timely pay its obligations when due could be adversely affected. If we fail to secure equity financing for future development in a private placement of our common stock, we will pursue other financing options through debt arrangements, joint venture partners, farm-out agreements or the sale of assets. There are no assurances that the Company will be able to raise additional capital in a timely manner, on acceptable terms, or at all.
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. These statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All inter-company transactions have been eliminated.
For the period from March 5, 2008 through the Effective Date, we conducted our business in the ordinary course as debtors-in-possession under the protection of the Bankruptcy Court. We emerged from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy on February 2, 2009.
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 852, Reorganizations (ASC Topic 852), which requires that financial statements for periods subsequent to our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy filings distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Accordingly, certain income, expenses, realized gains and losses and
provisions for losses that were realized or incurred in our Chapter 11 Bankruptcy are recorded as reorganization items on our consolidated statements of operations.
At the Effective Date, we did not meet the requirements under ASC Topic 852 to adopt fresh start accounting. Fresh start accounting requires the debtor to use current fair values in its balance sheet for both assets and liabilities and to eliminate all prior earnings or deficits. The two requirements to fresh start accounting are:
· the reorganization value of the companys assets immediately before the date of confirmation of the plan of reorganization is less than the total of all post-petition liabilities and allowed claims; and
· the holders of existing voting shares immediately before confirmation of the plan of reorganization receive less than 50% of the voting shares upon emergence.
We refer to these requirements as the fresh start applicability test. For purposes of applying the fresh start applicability test, reorganization value is defined by ASC Topic 852 as the value attributed to the reconstituted entity, as well as the expected net realizable value of those assets that will be disposed before reconstitution occurs. Therefore, this value is viewed as the fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and approximates the amount a willing buyer would pay for the assets of the entity immediately after the restructuring.
As of the Effective Date, our fresh start calculation indicated that we did not meet the requirements to adopt fresh start accounting because the reorganization value of our assets exceeded the total of post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. The Company recognized a gain on reorganization of $24.6 million upon emergence from bankruptcy.
Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Some specific examples of such estimates include the allowance for accounts receivable, accrued expenses, accrued revenue, asset retirement obligations, determining the remaining economic lives and carrying values of property and equipment and the estimates of gas reserves that affect the depletion calculation and impairments for gas properties and other long-lived assets. In addition, we use assumptions to estimate the fair value of share-based compensation. We believe our estimates and assumptions are reasonable; however, actual results may differ from our estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of, the financial institutions with which it invests.
Accounts Receivable - Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount. The Company assesses credit risk and allowance for doubtful accounts on a customer specific basis. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had no allowance for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2008, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $22,000.
The Company grants credit in the normal course of business to customers in the United States. The Company periodically performs credit analysis and monitors the financial condition of its customers to reduce credit risk. Management periodically reviews accounts receivable aging reports to assess credit risks, and if appropriate, also reviews updated credit information to further assess such risk. In the event that management determines the customers accounts receivable collectability as less than probable, management reduces the carrying amount by a valuation allowance that reflects managements best estimate of the amount not collectible. Allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable are based on information available and historical experience. For information on the concentration of credit risk by customer in the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, see page F-11.
Inventory - Inventory is recorded at cost. The Company periodically reviews the carrying cost of its inventories as compared to current market value for those inventories and adjusts its carrying value to the lower of cost or market. Inventory at December 31, 2009 and 2008 consisted primarily of tubing, and totaled $62,000 and $43,000, respectively.
Income Taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years. In evaluating the ability to realize net deferred tax assets, the Company will take into account a number of factors, primarily relating to the Companys ability to generate taxable income. The Company has recognized, before the valuation allowance, a net deferred tax asset attributable to the net operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), requires that a valuation allowance be recorded against deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be utilized. As a result of this analysis, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset.
The Company has adopted the uncertainty provisions of ASC Topic 740, which requires the Company to recognize the impact of a tax position in its financial statements only if the technical merits of that position indicate that the position is more likely than not of being sustained upon audit. We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense, which is consistent with the recognition of these items in prior reporting periods. Due to the significant net operating losses, no interest and penalties were accrued.
Revenue Recognition - Revenues are recognized when production is sold to a purchaser at a fixed or determinable price, when delivery has occurred and title has transferred, and if the collectability of the revenue is probable. The Company derives revenue primarily from the sale of produced natural gas as well as gas gathering and transportation fees. The Company reports revenue as the gross amount received before taking into account production taxes and transportation costs, which are reported as separate expenses. Revenue is recorded in the month the Companys production is delivered to the purchaser, but payment is generally received between 30 and 90 days after the date of production. Revenues from the production of gas properties in which the Company has an interest with other producers are recognized on the basis of the Companys net working interest. At the end of each month, the Company calculates a revenue accrual based on the estimates of production delivered to or transported for the purchaser.
Property, Equipment - Gas Gathering and Other - Gathering assets, including compressor sites and pipelines, are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which ranges from ten to thirty years. Other property and equipment, such as office furniture, computer and related software and equipment, automobiles and leasehold improvements are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or underlying leases, in respect to leasehold improvements, ranging from three to ten years.
Oil and Gas Producing Properties - The Company has elected to follow the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs and costs of exploratory and development wells are capitalized when incurred, pending determination of whether the well has found proved reserves. If an exploratory well does not find proved reserves, the costs of drilling the unsuccessful exploratory well are charged to expense. Exploratory dry hole costs are included in cash flows from investing activities as part of capital expenditures in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The cost of development wells, whether productive or not, is capitalized.
Other exploration costs, including certain geological and geophysical expenses and delay rentals for oil and gas leases, are charged to expense as incurred. The sale of a partial interest in a proved property is accounted for as a cost recovery and no gain or loss is recognized as long as this treatment does not significantly affect the unit-of-production amortization rate. A gain or loss is recognized for all other sales of proved properties and is classified in other operating revenues. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and renewals and betterments are capitalized to the appropriate property and equipment accounts.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (DD&A) of capitalized costs of proved oil and gas properties is determined on a field-by-field basis using the units-of-production method based upon proved reserves. The computation of DD&A takes into consideration restoration, dismantlement and abandonment costs and the anticipated proceeds from equipment salvage.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment (ASC Topic 360), the Company groups assets at the field level and periodically reviews the carrying value of its property and equipment to test whether current events or circumstances indicate that such carrying value may not be recoverable. If the tests indicate that the carrying value of the asset is greater than the estimated future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by such asset, then an impairment adjustment needs to be recognized. Such adjustment consists of the amount by which the carrying value of such asset exceeds its fair value. The Company generally measures fair value by considering sale prices for similar assets or by discounting estimated future cash flows from such asset using an appropriate discount rate. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value of assets, and accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from such estimates.
The Company did not incur any impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2009. During 2008, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.9 million related to our gathering assets and $4.4 million related to our oil and gas assets.
Discount of Debt - The Company recorded a $1.4 million discount on its Amended and Restated Senior Secured Debenture (the Amended Debenture) in the first quarter of 2009. The remaining discount on the Amended Debenture at December 31, 2009 of $672,000 is being amortized using the retrospective interest method over the term of the debt, and is included in the balance of the Amended Debenture at December 31, 2009.
At December 31, 2008, the remaining discount on the Debentures prior to bankruptcy of $1.6 million was included in the balance of the Debentures.
Exploration Expense - The Company accounts for exploration and development activities utilizing the successful efforts method of accounting. Exploration costs, including personnel costs, certain geological and geophysical expenses and delay rentals for oil and gas leases are charged to expense as incurred. Drilling costs are initially capitalized, but charged to expense if and when the well is determined not to have found proved reserves in commercial quantities. The application of the successful efforts method of accounting requires managerial judgment to determine that proper classification of wells designated as developmental or exploratory is made to
determine the proper accounting treatment of the costs incurred. The results from a drilling operation can take considerable time to analyze and the determination that commercial reserves have been discovered requires both judgment and industry experience. Wells may be completed that are assumed to be productive but actually deliver oil and gas in quantities insufficient to be economic. This may result in the abandonment of the wells at a later date. Wells are drilled that have targeted geologic structures that are both developmental and exploratory in nature and an allocation of costs is required to properly account for the results. The evaluation of oil and leasehold acquisition costs requires managerial judgment to estimate the fair value of these costs with reference to drilling activity in a given area.
Asset Retirement Obligations - The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (ASC Topic 410), to account for its future asset abandonment costs. Estimated future costs associated with the plugging and abandonment of its oil and gas properties are discounted to present values using a risk-adjusted rate over the estimated economic life of the assets. Such costs are capitalized as part of the cost of the related asset and amortized over the related assets estimated useful life. The associated liability is classified as a long-term liability and is adjusted when circumstances change and for the accretion of expense which is recorded as a component of depreciation, depletion and amortization. The Company recognizes an estimate of the liability associated with the abandonment of oil and gas properties at the time the well is completed. The Company estimated its asset retirement obligation liabilities for these wells based on estimated costs to plug and abandon the wells, the estimated life of the wells and its respective ownership percentage in the wells.
Share-Based Compensation - At December 31, 2009, the Company had a stock-based employee compensation plan that includes stock options issued to employees and non-employee directors as more fully described in Note 11. The Company records expense associated with the fair value of stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation Stock Compensation (ASC Topic 718). The Company currently uses the Black-Scholes option valuation model to determine the fair value of awards and calculate the required disclosures.
We have recorded compensation expense associated with all unvested stock options totaling $283,000 and ($92,000) for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Net Loss Per Share The Company accounts for earnings (loss) per share (EPS) in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share (ASC Topic 260). Under ASC Topic 260, basic EPS is computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding without including any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average common shares outstanding plus, when their effect is dilutive, common stock equivalents.
Potentially dilutive securities, which have been excluded from the determination of diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive, are as follows:
|
|
For the years ended |
|
||
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Warrants |
|
1,494,298 |
|
375,000 |
|
Options |
|
1,332,500 |
|
551,750 |
|
Convertible subordinated debt |
|
|
|
3,137,857 |
|
Restricted stock |
|
|
|
120,000 |
|
Total potentially dilutive shares excluded |
|
2,826,798 |
|
4,184,607 |
|
Subsequent to December 31, 2009, the Company did not issue any dilutive securities which would have increased the number of potentially dilutive shares.
Comprehensive Income (Loss) - We account for comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220), which established standards for the reporting and presentation of comprehensive income in our consolidated financial statements. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, comprehensive loss is equal to net loss as reported in our consolidated statement of operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - The Company has not participated in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities (SPEs), or SPEs which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or for other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The Companys financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, secured notes and debentures are carried at cost. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of the cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximates carrying value due to the short term nature of these instruments. The fair value of the Companys debentures at December 31, 2009 is $17.8 million, based on a discounted cash flow model using expected future cash flows. The fair value of the Companys debentures at December 31, 2008 could not be determined.
Concentration of Credit Risk - Revenues from customers which represented 10% or more of the Companys sales for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
|
|
For the year ended |
|
||
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
Customer |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
(% of total revenue) |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Exploration and production |
|
71.0 |
% |
79.0 |
% |
B Exploration and production |
|
29.0 |
% |
19.1 |
% |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued Statement No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principlesa replacement of FASB Statement No. 162 (the Codification, or ASC Topic 105). ASC Topic 105 is the sole source of authoritative GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other non-grandfathered accounting literature is considered non-authoritative. Following the adoption of the Codification, the FASB now issues Accounting Standards Updates, which the FASB will not consider as authoritative in their own right, but which will serve only to update the Codification, provide background information about the guidance, and provide the bases for conclusions on the change(s) in the Codification. The new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 105 became effective for periods ending on or after September 15, 2009, and did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
New authoritative accounting guidance under FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations (ASC Topic 805), requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize and measure all assets and liabilities assumed in the transaction and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date. ASC Topic 805 changes the way the Company accounts for acquisitions of oil and gas properties. Such acquisitions may now be treated as business combinations, which, if applicable, will require transaction costs to be expensed as incurred, may generate gains or losses due to changes between the effective and closing dates of acquisitions, and may require possible recognition of goodwill given differences between the purchase price and fair value of assets received. ASC Topic 805 further amends the initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosures of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination. The new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 805 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, and the impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements will largely be dependent on the size and nature of the business combinations completed. There have not been any significant acquisitions of oil and gas properties since adoption of ASC Topic 805.
New authoritative accounting guidance under FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation (ASC Topic 810), established accounting and reporting standards that require noncontrolling interests to be reported as a component of equity along with any changes in the parents ownership interest. The new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 810 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, and did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
New authoritative accounting guidance under FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (ASC Topic 825), requires the Company to include disclosures about the fair value of its financial instruments whenever it issues financial information for interim reporting periods and annual reporting periods, whether recognized or not recognized in the statement of financial position. The new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 825 became effective for the Company on April 1, 2009, and did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
New authoritative accounting guidance under FASB ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events (ASC Topic 855), established general standards of accounting for and disclosures of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. ASC Topic 855, as amended, requires SEC filers to evaluate subsequent events through the date on which financial statements are issued. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
On December 31, 2008, the SEC published final rules and interpretations updating its oil and gas reporting requirements. Many of the revisions are updates to definitions in the existing oil and gas rules to make them consistent with the petroleum resource management system, which is a widely accepted standard for the management of petroleum resources that was developed by several industry organizations. Key revisions include changes to the pricing used to estimate reserves, the ability to include nontraditional resources in reserves, the use of new technology for determining reserves, and permitting disclosure of probable and possible reserves. The SEC will require companies to comply with the amended disclosure requirements for registration statements filed after January 1,
2010, and for annual reports for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009. The Company adopted these new rules and interpretations as of December 31, 2009.
The FASB aligned ASC Topic 932 with all of the aforementioned SEC requirements by issuing ASC Update 2010-03. The Company has adopted the new authoritative guidance as of December 31, 2009 and for the Companys 2009 Annual Report on Form 10-K. See Note 11.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASC Update 2010-06, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC Update 2010-06), that requires additional disclosures about the different classes assets and liabilities measured at fair value, the valuation techniques and inputs used, the fair value measurements of the activity in Level 3 on a gross basis and the transfers between Levels 1and 2. This new authoritative guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures regarding gross activity in the Level 3 rollforward, which are effective for the Company as of January 1, 2011. The adoption of ASC Update 2010-06 will not have a material impact on the Companys financial statements.
Note 3 Liabilities Subject to Compromise and Emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy
On March 5, 2008, PRB Energy and its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief for each business entity under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Colorado. PRB Energy continued to operate its business as a debtor-in-possession under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code.
Liabilities Subject to Compromise
Liabilities subject to compromise (LSTC) refer to obligations that will be settled under a plan of reorganization. FASB ASC Topic 852, Reorganizations (ASC Topic 852), requires pre-petition liabilities that are subject to compromise to be reported at the amounts expected to be allowed, even if they may be settled for lesser amounts. These liabilities represent the estimated amount expected to be allowed on known or potential claims to be resolved through the Chapter 11 process, and remain subject to future adjustments arising from negotiated settlements, actions of the Bankruptcy Court, rejection of executory contracts and unexpired leases, the determination as to the value of collateral securing the claims, proofs of claim, or other events. LSTC also includes certain items that may be assumed under the plan of reorganization, and as such, may be subsequently reclassified to liabilities not subject to compromise.
At December 31, 2008, liabilities subject to compromise consist of the following (in thousands):
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
1,969 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
796 |
|
|
Convertible debt - unsecured |
|
21,965 |
|
|
Total liabilities subject to compromise |
|
$ |
24,730 |
|
Emergence from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy
On January 16, 2009, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Plan, with an effective date of February 2, 2009. Pursuant to the Plan, all 8,721,994 issued shares of PRB Energys common stock were cancelled and PRB Energy changed its corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. The Plan provided that we continue as a public company following our emergence from bankruptcy and for the issuance of new common stock of Black Raven to certain claimants, with such New Common Stock to be traded on the OTC Bulletin Board or a nationally recognized securities exchange, subject to compliance with applicable regulations.
Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, the Company issued 1,419,339 shares of common stock, along with one warrant for each share at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis to the holders of the Convertible Notes. The Company issued an additional 74,959 shares of common stock, along with one warrant for each share at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis to the other claimants related to accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities. The Company also issued 13.5 million shares of common stock to West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC (WCOF), the principal pre-petition secured creditor.
On February 2, 2009, in connection with the consummation of the Plan, we, along with our subsidiary PRB Oil, entered into a Limited Waiver, Consent, and Modification Agreement (the Modification Agreement) with WCOF. Under the Modification Agreement, we issued an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Debenture (the Amended Debenture), payable to WCOF in the amount of $18,450,000. The Amended Debenture superseded and amended the senior secured debentures issued by PRB Oil to WCOF and DKR Soundshore Oasis Holding Fund Ltd. on December 28, 2006. Under the terms of the Amended Debenture, $3.75 million of the outstanding principle balance and unpaid accrued interest were due on December 31, 2009, with the remainder of the outstanding balance
and unpaid accrued interest due on December 31, 2010. See below for discussion of the second amendment. The Amended Debenture initially accrued interest at 10% per annum payable quarterly.
On the Effective Date, Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (the Articles) were filed with the Nevada Secretary of State to change our corporate name to Black Raven Energy, Inc. and we adopted Amended and Restated Bylaws (the Bylaws). Subsequently, PRB Oil was merged into the Company.
On April 13, 2009, Black Raven, WCOF and the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors Appointed by the Bankruptcy Court entered into an Agreement Regarding New Equity Raise Under the Modified Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization (the New Equity Agreement). The New Equity Agreement modified the obligations of the parties under the Plan and released WCOF from its obligation to raise or guarantee $7.5 million of additional funding for us. The New Equity Agreement required WCOF to purchase 166,667 shares of the New Common Stock from us for $3.00 per share within 10 business days of the New Equity Agreement and an additional $3 million of New Common Stock, preferred stock or convertible debt securities from time to time prior to September 10, 2010, at a purchase price of $2.00 per share. The New Equity Agreement also modified the interest rate under the Amended Debenture and extended the maturity date of the Amended Debenture to December 31, 2011.
Note 4 - Gathering and Other Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consists of the following:
|
|
Useful Lives |
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
(in thousands) |
|
||
Compressor sites, pipelines and interconnect |
|
10-30 years |
|
$ |
2,386 |
|
$ |
2,175 |
|
Equipment |
|
5 years |
|
16 |
|
16 |
|
||
Computer equipment |
|
3 years |
|
277 |
|
277 |
|
||
Office furniture and equipment and related assets |
|
5-7 years |
|
135 |
|
200 |
|
||
Automobiles |
|
3 years |
|
150 |
|
150 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
2,964 |
|
2,818 |
|
||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
(925 |
) |
(816 |
) |
||
Total |
|
|
|
$ |
2,039 |
|
$ |
2,002 |
|
The balance of the compressor sites pipelines and interconnect shown includes an impairment charge of $894,000 at December 31, 2008.
Note 5 - Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company recognizes an estimated liability for future costs associated with the abandonment of its oil and gas properties. A liability for the fair value of an asset retirement obligation and corresponding increase to the carrying value of the related long-lived asset are recorded at the time a well is completed or acquired. The increase in carrying value is included in proved oil and gas properties in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company depletes the amount added to proved oil and gas property costs and recognizes expense in connection with the accretion of the discounted liability over the remaining estimated economic lives of the respective oil and gas properties. Cash paid to settle asset retirement obligations is included in the operating section of the Companys accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Companys estimated asset retirement obligation liability is based on historical experience in abandoning wells, estimated economic lives, estimates as to the cost to abandon the wells in the future, and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using the credit-adjusted risk-free rate estimated at the time the liability is incurred or revised. The credit-adjusted risk-free rate used to discount the Companys abandonment liabilities is ten percent. Revisions to the liability could occur due to changes in estimated abandonment costs or well economic lives, or if federal or state regulators enact new requirements regarding the abandonment of wells.
The following table details all changes to the Companys estimated asset retirement obligation liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
|
|
For the |
|
||||
|
|
Year Ended |
|
||||
|
|
December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
||||
Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period |
|
$ |
345 |
|
$ |
2,876 |
|
Liabilities incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Liabilities settled |
|
|
|
(260 |
) |
||
Sale of assets |
|
|
|
(2,407 |
) |
||
Accretion expense |
|
20 |
|
136 |
|
||
Revision to estimated cash flows |
|
(146 |
) |
|
|
||
Asset retirement obligations, end of period |
|
$ |
219 |
|
$ |
345 |
|
Note 6 - Income Taxes
Income tax expense (benefit) for each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Federal |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
State & Local |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total current |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Federal |
|
|
|
|
|
||
State & Local |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total deferred |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total income tax expense (benefit) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Total income tax expense (benefit) differed from the amounts computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate of 35% to earnings (loss) before income taxes as a result of the following items for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Statutory income tax expense (benefit) |
|
$ |
7,250 |
|
$ |
(4,234 |
) |
State income tax expense (benefit), net of federal income tax expense (benefit) |
|
(61 |
) |
(134 |
) |
||
Other permanent items |
|
533 |
|
2 |
|
||
Change in valuation allowance |
|
(7,722 |
) |
4,366 |
|
||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
The effective tax rate excluding the valuation allowance would be 37.3% and 36.1% for 2009 and 2008, respectively. The reported amount of income tax expense differs from the amount that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax losses, primarily because of changes in other permanent items.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences. Temporary differences arise when revenues and expenses for financial reporting are recognized for tax purposes in a different period. The Company has recognized, before the valuation allowance, a net deferred tax asset. ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), requires that a valuation allowance be recorded against deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be utilized. As a result of this analysis, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset. The Company will continue to evaluate the need to record valuation allowances against deferred tax assets and will make adjustments in accordance with the accounting standard.
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Property and equipment |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Oil and gas properties |
|
808 |
|
2,041 |
|
||
Asset retirement obligation |
|
139 |
|
965 |
|
||
Other |
|
111 |
|
206 |
|
||
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
8,010 |
|
14,904 |
|
||
|
|
9,068 |
|
18,116 |
|
||
Valuation allowance |
|
(8,338 |
) |
(16,060 |
) |
||
Net deferred tax asset |
|
$ |
730 |
|
$ |
2,056 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Property and equipment |
|
$ |
(398 |
) |
$ |
(2,056 |
) |
Oil and gas properties |
|
(332 |
) |
|
|
||
Deferred tax liability |
|
(730 |
) |
(2,056 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net deferred tax asset (liability) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
At December 31, 2009, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. income tax purposes of approximately $30.6 million. These net operating loss carryforwards, if not utilized to reduce taxable income in future periods, will expire in various amounts beginning in 2028. This net operating loss carryforward may be subject to U.S. Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations.
The Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $8.3 million and $16.1 million for December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, against its net deferred tax asset.
The uncertainty provisions of ASC Topic 740 require the Company recognize the impact of a tax position in its financial statements only if the technical merits of that position indicate that the position is more likely than not of being sustained upon audit. During 2009, the Company did not record a change to the reserve for uncertain tax positions. The tax years 2004, 2005 and 2006 are open and subject to audit by the Internal Revenue Service and the State of Colorado. The Company anticipates that the 2007 and 2008 tax returns will be filed shortly after the SEC Forms 10K for 2007 and 2008 are submitted.
The Company may from time to time be assessed interest or penalties by major tax jurisdictions, although there have been no such assessments historically. In the event the Company receives an assessment for interest and/or penalties, such an assessment would be classified in the financial statements as income tax expense.
The tabular reconciliation of the reserve for uncertain tax benefits for the year ended December 31, 2009 is presented below.
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
|
|
in thousands |
|
||||
Beginning Balance |
|
$ |
390 |
|
$ |
390 |
|
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Reduction for tax positions of prior years |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Settlements |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Ending Balance |
|
$ |
390 |
|
$ |
390 |
|
Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In the normal course of business operations, the Company has entered into operating leases for office space, office equipment, vehicles and compression equipment. Rental payments under these operating leases and service agreements totaled $90,000 and $1.0 million for the periods ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Future payments, by year, under these operating leases are as follows:
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
|
2010 |
|
$ |
114 |
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
2012 |
|
|
|
|
Thereafter |
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
114 |
|
Note 8 - Borrowings
Amended and Restated Senior Secured Debentures
On February 2, 2009, in connection with the consummation of the Plan, we, along with our subsidiary PRB Oil, entered into the Modification Agreement with WCOF. Under the Modification Agreement, we issued the Amended Debenture, payable to WCOF in the original principal amount of $18,450,000. The Amended Debenture superseded and amended the senior secured debentures issued by PRB Oil to WCOF and DKR Soundshore Oasis Holding Fund Ltd. on December 28, 2006. Under the initial terms of the Amended Debenture, $3.75 million of the outstanding principle balance and unpaid accrued interest were due on December 31, 2009, with the remainder of the outstanding balance and unpaid accrued interest due on December 31, 2010. The Amended Debenture accrues interest at 10% per annum payable quarterly.
On April 13, 2009, Black Raven, WCOF and the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors Appointed by the Bankruptcy Court entered into the New Equity Agreement. Among other things, the New Equity Agreement modified the interest rate under the Amended Debenture to 2.5% per annum until certain capital raising conditions are met and extended the maturity date for all principal payments to December 31, 2011. In the fourth quarter of 2009, $50,000 of interest due on the debentures was converted to principal, bringing the total principal amount to $18,500,000 at December 31, 2009.
As the stated rate at which the Company currently pays interest is not a prevailing rate at which the Company could obtain third party financing, the Company has calculated and recorded its obligation under its Amended Debenture at a discount in the accompanying balance sheet. Due to the variable nature of the interest to be paid under the Amended Debenture, the Company uses the retrospective method to amortize its discount and impute interest on the Amended Debenture. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company has recorded $743,000 of interest expense related to the amortization of the discount on its Amended Debenture.
On January 10, 2010 WCOF agreed to extend the due date for all principal payments in connection with the Companys Amended Debenture to June 30, 2013 subject to the Company raising $25,000,000 in new equity by March 31, 2010. As the Company did not raise the required capital, the due date for all principal payments is December 31, 2011.
PRB Funding Prepetition Loan
Immediately prior to the filing of the Chapter 11 petitions, the Company borrowed $300,000 from PRB Funding, LLC (PRB Funding). The PRB Funding loan bears interest at the prime rate of interest as published in the Wall Street Journal per annum, payable quarterly in arrears beginning on March 31, 2008, and was due on February 28, 2009. PRB Funding was formed by three members of our Board of Directors: Gus Blass, Reuben Sandler and James Schadt. The PRB Funding Loan was secured by substantially all of the assets of PRB Energy and was repaid in 2009.
Post-petition Debtor in Possession Financing
In April 2008, the Company obtained court approval of post-petition Debtor-in-Possession Financing (DIP Loan) from PRB Funding in the amount of $275,000. The PRB Funding DIP Loan bears interest at 13% per annum, with all unpaid principal and accrued interest due upon the earlier of March 1, 2009 or the confirmation of the Plan.
In May 2008, the Company obtained court approval of a $336,000 post-petition DIP Loan from PRB Acquisition, an entity that was affiliated with Republic Financial. The PRB DIP Loan bears interest at 18% per annum, with all unpaid principal and accrued interest due upon the earliest of September 30, 2008, an event of default, or the confirmation of a plan of reorganization. Both DIP Loans were repaid in 2009.
Note 9 - Stockholders Equity
Common Stock and Warrants Issued
Upon emergence from bankruptcy, all 8,721,994 issued shares of PRB Energys common stock were cancelled, and the following
securities were issued in accordance with the Plan:
· 13.5 million shares of new common stock to WCOF, the principal pre-petition secured creditor;
· 1,419,339 million shares of new common stock, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class A-4 Claims (as defined in the Plan);
· 74,959 shares of new common stock, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class B-5 Claims (as defined in the Plan);
· Warrants to purchase 1,419,339 million shares of new common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class A-4 Claims; and
· Warrants to purchase 74,959 shares of new common stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share, on a pro-rata basis, to holders of Class B-5 Claims.
Through December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, cumulative activity with respect to warrants outstanding is as follows:
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Balance, beginning of year |
|
375,000 |
|
375,000 |
|
Cancelled |
|
(375,000 |
) |
|
|
Issued |
|
1,494,298 |
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, end of year |
|
1,494,298 |
|
375,000 |
|
Note 10 - Equity Compensation Plan
In connection with the Companys emergence from Bankruptcy, all outstanding common shares of the Company were cancelled, along with all outstanding option awards. On June 3, 2009, the Board adopted the Black Raven Energy, Inc. Equity Compensation Plan (the Equity Compensation Plan), under which we may grant nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards or other equity-based awards to certain of our employees, consultants, advisors and non-employee directors. The Board initially reserved 3,791,666 shares of common stock for issuance under the Equity Compensation Plan.
On July 1, 2009 the Company issued 1,060,000 stock options to employees of the Company under the Equity Compensation Plan. The options have an exercise price of $2.00 per share for a total fair value of $660,000 and vest ratably over three years. The Company issued the same employees an additional 172,500 stock options on September 16, 2009, which vested immediately. The options have an exercise price of $2.00 per share, and a total fair value of $109,000. On December 8, 2009, the Company issued 100,000 options to two directors. The options have an exercise price of $2.00 per share, and a total fair value of $64,000. The Company recorded equity compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2009 totaling $283,000.
The following table summarizes activity for options:
|
|
For the Year Ended |
|
For the Year Ended |
|
||||||
|
|
December 31, 2009 |
|
December 31, 2008 |
|
||||||
|
|
Number of |
|
Weighted Avg. |
|
Number of |
|
Weighted Avg. |
|
||
|
|
Options |
|
Exercise Price |
|
Options |
|
Exercise Price |
|
||
Outstanding, beginning of year |
|
551,750 |
|
$ |
5.23 |
|
823,500 |
|
$ |
5.03 |
|
Cancelled |
|
(551,750 |
) |
$ |
5.23 |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Granted |
|
1,332,500 |
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Forfeitures |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
(271,750 |
) |
$ |
4.64 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Outstanding, end of year |
|
1,332,500 |
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
551,750 |
|
$ |
5.23 |
|
Awards vested or expected to vest, end of year |
|
999,375 |
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
404,875 |
|
$ |
5.42 |
|
Available for future grants, end of year |
|
2,459,166 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted average remaining contractual life for the options outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008 respectively is 9.56 years and 4.6 years. The fair value of each option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Unrecognized compensation expense totaled $550,000 at December 31, 2009. There was no unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2008.
The fair value of options was measured at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair values of options granted and employee stock purchase plan shares issued were estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:
|
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
Assumption |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Risk free interest rate (%) |
|
1.21-1.37 |
% |
N/A |
|
Volatility factor of the expected market price of the Companys common stock |
|
60.15-62.92 |
% |
N/A |
|
Expected life of the options (in years) |
|
10 |
|
N/A |
|
Expected dividend |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models incorporate highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The Companys stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and, as changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, it is managements opinion that the valuations as determined by the existing models are different from the value that the options would realize if traded in the market. The Company used an industry index to estimate the volatility factor of the stock.
Note 11 - Disclosures about Oil and Gas Producing Activities
Costs Incurred in Oil and Gas Producing Activities
The Company has incurred the following costs, both capitalized and expensed, in respect to oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities during the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively:
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
||||
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Acquisitions: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Proved |
|
$ |
28 |
|
$ |
19 |
|
Unproved |
|
88 |
|
1,073 |
|
||
Exploration |
|
8 |
|
17 |
|
||
Development costs |
|
2 |
|
159 |
|
||
|
|
$ |
126 |
|
$ |
1,268 |
|
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the results of operations for oil and gas producing activities for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively:
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
||||
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Revenues, net |
|
$ |
460 |
|
$ |
1,213 |
|
Production Costs |
|
(616 |
) |
(1,230 |
) |
||
Asset Impairment (1) |
|
|
|
(410 |
) |
||
Abandoned lease expense (1) |
|
|
|
(3,938 |
) |
||
Exploration |
|
(8 |
) |
(12 |
) |
||
Depreciation, Depletion & Accretion (2) |
|
(252 |
) |
(515 |
) |
||
|
|
$ |
(416 |
) |
$ |
(4,892 |
) |
Note (1): In 2008, we incurred impairment charges of approximately $4.4 million related to our E&P assets.
Note (2): Includes $232,000 and $409,000 of depreciation and depletion of well costs and $20,000 and $106,000 of accretion of asset retirement obligation for wells for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 respectively.
Recent SEC and FASB Guidance (Unaudited)
In December 2008, the SEC published the final rules and interpretations updating its oil and gas reporting requirements. The Company adopted the rules effective December 31, 2009, and the rule changes, including those related to pricing and technology, are included in the Companys reserve estimates.
In January 2010, the FASB aligned ASC Topic 932, with the aforementioned SEC requirements. Please refer to the section entitled Recently Issued Accounting Standards under Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion regarding both adoptions.
Application of the new rules resulted in the use of lower prices at December 31, 2009 than would have resulted under the SECs previous methodology. Using 12-month average commodity prices the Companys estimate proved undeveloped reserves were 7,428 million cubic feet (MMcf), compared to 2,129 MMcf of proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2008. This increase of 5,299 MMcf was the result of the new SEC requirements for calculating proved undeveloped reserves. During 2009, the Company did not conduct any drilling operations in order to increase reserves.
Oil and Gas Reserve Quantities (Unaudited)
We engaged independent geological and petroleum engineering consultants MHA Petroleum Consultants, Inc. (MHA) in both 2009 and 2008 to estimate our natural gas reserves. The Company provided historical lease operating costs, production data and capital cost estimates to MHA. The revenue decks containing sell names, lease and tax information were also provided. The Company reviewed the calculations and assumptions these consultants use to calculate the reserves. Please refer to the section entitled Third-party Reserve Audit included in Part I of this report.
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. Existing economic conditions include prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined, and the pricing that was used complies with the new SEC regulations (the average price during the 12-month period prior to the ending date of the period covered by the report, determined as an unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements, excluding escalations based upon future conditions). With respect to reserves as of dates prior to December 31, 2009, the new applicable SEC definition of proved reserves was applied. All of the proved reserves in 2009 were located in Colorado and Wyoming.
The following table summarizes estimated proved reserves of gas in million cubic feet as of December 31, 2009 and 2008:
(In MMcf) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
Proved developed and undeveloped: |
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year, January 1 |
|
4,349 |
|
10,093 |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
|
4,949 |
|
(2,016 |
) |
Sales of reserves in place |
|
|
|
(4,182 |
) |
Discoveries |
|
|
|
658 |
|
Production |
|
(149 |
) |
(204 |
) |
End of year, December 31 |
|
9,149 |
|
4,349 |
|
Proved developed, December 31 |
|
1,721 |
|
2,220 |
|
Proved undeveloped, December 31 |
|
7,428 |
|
2,129 |
|
As of December 31, 2009, 8.2% of the proved reserves are categorized as proved developed producing.
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows (Unaudited)
The Company follows the guidelines prescribed in ASC Topic 932 for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. The Company follows these guidelines that are summarized as follows:
· Future cash inflows, production and development costs are determined by applying oil and gas prices and costs, including overhead expense allocable, transportation, quality and basis differentials to the year-end quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future;
· Future income taxes are estimated using current statutory income tax rates and estimated future statutory depletion;
· Future operating and development costs are based on estimates of expenditures in developing and producing proved oil and gas reserves in place at year-end, assuming continuity of year-end economic conditions;
· The resulting cash flows are reduced to present value using a 10% discount rate; and
· For 2009, the Company used a price of $2.94 per Mcf, as adjusted for energy content. The Company used a December 31, 2008 price of $4.66 per Mcf for natural gas as adjusted for energy content.
The following summarizes the standardized measure of future net cash flows relating to its proved gas reserves as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 as prescribed in ASC Topic 932:
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Future cash flows |
|
$ |
26,922 |
|
$ |
20,268 |
|
Future production costs |
|
(10,196 |
) |
(6,832 |
) |
||
Future development costs |
|
(7,151 |
) |
(2,751 |
) |
||
Future abandonment costs |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Future income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Future net cash flows |
|
9,575 |
|
10,685 |
|
||
Ten percent discount |
|
(4,434 |
) |
(4,423 |
) |
||
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
|
$ |
5,141 |
|
$ |
6,262 |
|
The following summarizes the changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to its proved gas reserves as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 as prescribed in ASC Topic 932.
(in thousands) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
||
Standardized measure - Beginning of year |
|
$ |
6,262 |
|
$ |
12,852 |
|
Sales and transfers, net of production costs |
|
|
|
8 |
|
||
Net change in sales and transfer prices, net of production costs |
|
(2,686 |
) |
(934 |
) |
||
Discoveries and extensions |
|
|
|
1,386 |
|
||
Changes in future development costs |
|
118 |
|
1,005 |
|
||
Revisions of quantity estimates |
|
(1,397 |
) |
(6,292 |
) |
||
Accretion of discount |
|
626 |
|
908 |
|
||
Net change in income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Purchases of reserves in place |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Sales of reserves in place |
|
|
|
(3,499 |
) |
||
Changes to SEC rules |
|
2,830 |
|
|
|
||
Changes in production rates (timing) and other |
|
(612 |
) |
1,098 |
|
||
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows |
|
$ |
5,141 |
|
$ |
6,262 |
|
Note 12 - Segment Information
In 2009, the Company operated exclusively in the exploration and production segment. All of the Companys operations are conducted in the continental United States. The Company had two reportable segments through November 1, 2008, the oil and gas exploration and production segment and the gas gathering and processing segment. Segment information for the year ended December 31, 2008 is presented below.
|
|
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 |
|
||||||||||
(in thousands) |
|
E & P |
|
G & P |
|
Corporate |
|
Total |
|
||||
Revenues |
|
$ |
1,213 |
|
$ |
1,151 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
2,364 |
|
Operating expenses |
|
(1,230 |
) |
(376 |
) |
|
|
(1,606 |
) |
||||
Asset impairment charge |
|
(4,348 |
) |
(894 |
) |
|
|
(5,242 |
) |
||||
Exploration expense |
|
(12 |
) |
(5 |
) |
|
|
(17 |
) |
||||
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion |
|
(515 |
) |
(280 |
) |
(186 |
) |
(981 |
) |
||||
General and administrative |
|
(329 |
) |
(196 |
) |
(2,786 |
) |
(3,311 |
) |
||||
Operating loss |
|
(5,221 |
) |
(600 |
) |
(2,972 |
) |
(8,793 |
) |
||||
Interest and other income |
|
16 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
47 |
|
||||
Interest expense |
|
69 |
|
(488 |
) |
(2,932 |
) |
(3,351 |
) |
||||
Net loss |
|
$ |
(5,136 |
) |
$ |
(1,088 |
) |
$ |
(5,873 |
) |
$ |
(12,097 |
) |
Identifiable assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Oil and gas properties, net of DD&A |
|
$ |
9,807 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
9,807 |
|
Property and equipment, net of DD&A |
|
1,821 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
2,002 |
|
||||
Other non-current assets, net of amortization |
|
46 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
65 |
|
||||
Total assets |
|
12,392 |
|
|
|
789 |
|
13,181 |
|
||||
Expenditures for additions |
|
1,251 |
|
634 |
|
|
|
1,885 |
|
Note 13 Related Persons Transactions
Atticus Lowe, who is a member of our Board of Directors, serves as Chief Investment Officer of West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC, which owned 91% of the Companys Common Stock at December 31, 2009. See Note 3 for a complete description of the Companys transactions with West Coast Opportunity Fund, LLC.