Edgar Filing: CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL INC /DE

CHH-10Q/A-03.31.2014

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________

FORM 10-Q/A

Amendment No. 1

________________________________________________

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 2014

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

COMMISSION FILE NO. 001-13393

_____________________________________________

CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

____________________________________________



DELAWARE		52-1209792
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1 CHOICE HOTELS CIRCLE, SUITE 400

ROCKVILLE, MD 20850

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(301) 592-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

_____________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x



CLASS		SHARES OUTSTANDING AT MARCH 31, 2014
Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 per share		58,419,238

EXPLANATORY NOTE

As described in Choice Hotels International, Inc's (the "Company") Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2014 and Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014 filed on August 11, 2014, in connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the second quarter of 2014, the Company reviewed its accounting policies and practices, including the historical practice of reporting royalty and certain marketing and reservation fees one month in arrears as compared to when the gross room revenues (on which the fees are based) are earned by the Company's franchisees. The Company previously determined that the impact of the revenue recognition timing related to these revenues on its annual financial statements was not material and therefore reported these revenues one month in arrears despite the fact that these fees meet the definition of being earned and realizable in the same period that the underlying gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees. However, the Company reassessed the impact of reporting these revenues one month in arrears on interim periods and determined that this revenue recognition practice, which was not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP"), was material to interim periods. Due to the seasonality of the Company's business, the impact of this change on previously reported interim revenues, operating income and earnings per share as reported in the Company's consolidated statements of income varies for individual past quarters and is generally positive in the first two quarters of the year and negative in the final two quarters of the year. As a result, the Company has corrected its revenue recognition method to recognize royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees as revenue in the same period as the gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees.

This Form 10-Q/A amends the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 as originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 8, 2014 (the "Original Filing"). This Form 10-Q/A amends the Original Filing to correct the Company’s accounting for the Company's historical practice of reporting royalty and certain marketing and reservation fees one month in arrears as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements and other immaterial errors as well as to correct management's evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2014. Revisions to the Original Filing have been made to the following items solely as a result of and to reflect the restatements:



	•	Item 1 - Financial Statements
	•	Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	•	Item 4 - Controls and Procedures
	•	Item 6 - Exhibits

The Company has also determined that a control deficiency related to the recording revenues for certain royalty and marketing and reservations system fees one month in arrears, which gave rise to these restatements, constituted a material weakness in its internal controls over financial reporting. As a result, the Company has restated management's December 31, 2013 report on internal control over financial reporting and its conclusion on disclosure controls and procedures to address the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting. As a result of the restatement, management has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2014. The Company plans to remediate this material weakness during the year ending December 31, 2014 by updating the revenue recognition practice to ensure the accounting for royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees is in compliance with GAAP. The material weakness noted above cannot be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. The required testing for remediation will occur prior the Company completing its assessment of internal controls for the year ending December 31, 2014. See "Item 4 - Controls and Procedures."

In accordance with applicable SEC rules, this Form 10-Q/A includes certifications from our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer dated as of the date of this filing.

Except for the foregoing amended and restated information, no other changes have been made to the Original Form 10-Q. This Amendment continues to describe conditions as of the date of the Original Filing Date, and the disclosures contained herein have not been updated to reflect events, results or developments that have occurred after the Original Filing Date, or to modify or update those disclosures affected by subsequent events.

Accordingly, forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q/A represent management’s views as of the Original Filing date and should not be assumed to be accurate as of any date thereafter. This Form 10-Q/A should be read in conjunction with the Company’s other filings with the SEC, together with any amendments to those filings.

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CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX




	PAGE NO.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION:

Item 1—Financial Statements (Unaudited)	5
Consolidated Statements of Income—For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated)	5
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income—For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated)	6
Consolidated Balance Sheets—As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (as restated)	7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (as restated)	8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	39
Item 3—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	57
Item 4—Controls and Procedures	58

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION:

Item 1—Legal Proceedings	59
Item 1A—Risk Factors	59
Item 2—Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	60
Item 3—Defaults Upon Senior Securities	60
Item 4—Mine Safety Disclosures	60
Item 5—Other Information	60
Item 6—Exhibits	61

SIGNATURE	62

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


ITEM 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
REVENUES:
Royalty fees	$	58,540		$	56,108
Initial franchise and relicensing fees	3,740			3,777
Procurement services	4,778			3,950
Marketing and reservation	89,606			82,323
Other	3,072			2,013
Total revenues	159,736			148,171

OPERATING EXPENSES:
Selling, general and administrative	26,680			26,668
Depreciation and amortization	2,278			2,041
Marketing and reservation	89,606			82,323
Total operating expenses	118,564			111,032

Operating income	41,172			37,139
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET:
Interest expense	10,171			10,770
Interest income	(503		)	(644		)
Other (gains) and losses	(59		)	(710		)
Equity in net loss of affiliates	35			141
Total other income and expenses, net	9,644			9,557
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	31,528			27,582
Income taxes	10,059			7,806
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	21,469			19,776
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	1,641			(33		)
Net income	$	23,110		$	19,743

Basic earnings per share
Continuing operations	$	0.37		$	0.34
Discontinued operations	0.03			—
	$	0.40		$	0.34
Diluted earnings per share
Continuing operations	$	0.36		$	0.34
Discontinued operations	0.03			—
	$	0.39		$	0.34

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS)



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2014 (Restated)		2013 (Restated)
Net income	$	23,110	$	19,743
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Amortization of loss on cash flow hedge	215		215
Foreign currency translation adjustment	521		(245		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	736		(30		)
Comprehensive income	$	23,846	$	19,713

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)



	March 31, 2014 (Restated)			December 31, 2013
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	174,878		$	167,795
Receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $13,853 and $12,187, respectively)	100,147			82,385
Deferred income taxes	28,422			26,684
Investments, employee benefit plans, at fair value	174			400
Other current assets	36,201			29,710
Total current assets	339,822			306,974
Property and equipment, at cost, net	58,268			67,852
Goodwill	65,813			65,813
Franchise rights and other identifiable intangibles, net	9,204			9,953
Advances, marketing and reservation activities	160			5,844
Notes receivable, net of allowances	34,223			31,872
Investments, employee benefit plans, at fair value	16,852			15,950
Other assets	55,253			52,164
Total assets	$	579,595		$	556,422
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	44,818		$	41,663
Accrued expenses	37,219			56,625
Deferred revenue	69,155			61,188
Current portion of long-term debt	11,026			10,088
Deferred compensation and retirement plan obligations	573			2,492
Income taxes payable	5,466			2,282
Total current liabilities	168,257			174,338
Long-term debt	795,497			783,471
Deferred compensation and retirement plan obligations	22,387			22,527
Deferred income taxes	9,196			5,149
Other liabilities	23,392			23,808
Total liabilities	1,018,729			1,009,293
Commitments and Contingencies
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 160,000,000 shares authorized; 95,065,638 shares issued at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 and 58,419,238 and 58,638,863 shares outstanding at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively	584			586
Additional paid-in-capital	118,020			117,768
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,481		)	(6,217		)
Treasury stock (36,646,400 and 36,426,775 shares at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively), at cost	(917,226		)	(918,031		)
Retained earnings	364,969			353,023
Total shareholders’ deficit	(439,134		)	(452,871		)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficit	$	579,595		$	556,422

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS)



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	23,110		$	19,743
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,278			2,175
Gain on sale of assets	(2,572		)	—
Provision for bad debts, net	1,399			1,046
Non-cash stock compensation and other charges	2,875			2,536
Non-cash interest and other (income) loss	416			76
Deferred income taxes	2,344			2,847
Dividends received from equity method investments	181			146
Equity in net loss of affiliates	35			141
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables	(19,931		)	(15,015		)
Advances to/from marketing and reservation activities, net	10,903			1,023
Forgivable notes receivable, net	(3,623		)	(1,729		)
Accounts payable	2,080			10,471
Accrued expenses	(19,861		)	(31,145		)
Income taxes payable/receivable	3,160			4,367
Deferred revenue	7,932			5,160
Other assets	(3,103		)	(3,869		)
Other liabilities	(2,359		)	2,622
Net cash provided by operating activities	5,264			595
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in property and equipment	(3,015		)	(14,095		)
Equity method investments	(3,379		)	(1,000		)
Issuance of mezzanine and other notes receivable	(587		)	—
Collections of mezzanine and other notes receivable	68			19
Purchases of investments, employee benefit plans	(890		)	(1,242		)
Proceeds from sales of investments, employee benefit plans	281			3,882
Proceeds from sales of assets	8,703			—
Other items, net	(154		)	(101		)
Net cash provided (used) in investing activities	1,027			(12,537		)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net borrowings pursuant to revolving credit facility	15,000			18,000
Principal payments on long-term debt	(2,052		)	(2,046		)
Purchase of treasury stock	(4,530		)	(3,634		)
Dividends paid	(10,784		)	(503		)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation	1,024			952
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	1,547			5,367
Net cash provided by financing activities	205			18,136
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	6,496			6,194
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	587			(146		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	167,795			134,177
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	174,878		$	140,225
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash payments during the period for:
Income taxes, net of refunds	$	5,842		$	1,029
Interest	$	19,613		$	20,400
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Dividends declared but not paid	$	11,173		$	10,759
Issuance of restricted shares of common stock	$	6,062		$	7,151
Issuance of performance vested restricted stock units	$	1,191		$	1,298
Investment in property and equipment acquired in accounts payable	$	603		$	10,356

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


1.	Company Information and Significant Accounting Policies (as restated)

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Choice Hotels International, Inc. and subsidiaries (together the "Company") have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments that are necessary, in the opinion of management, to fairly present our financial position and results of operations. Except as otherwise disclosed, all adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") have been omitted. The Company believes the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 and notes thereto included in the Company’s Form 10-K/A, filed with the SEC on November 3, 2014 (the "10-K/A"). Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the entire year results. All inter-company transactions and balances between Choice Hotels International, Inc. and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revision to Prior Annual Financial Statements and Restatement of Prior Interim Financial Statements

In connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the second quarter of 2014, the Company reviewed its accounting policies and practices, including the historical practice of reporting royalty and certain marketing and reservation fees one month in arrears as compared to when the gross room revenues (on which the fees are based) are earned by the Company's franchisees. The Company previously determined that the impact of the revenue recognition timing related to these revenues on its annual financial statements was not material and therefore reported these revenues one month in arrears despite the fact that these fees meet the definition of being earned and realizable in the same period that the underlying gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees. However, the Company reassessed the impact of reporting these revenues one month in arrears on interim periods and determined that this revenue recognition practice, which was not in accordance with GAAP, was material to interim periods due to the seasonality of the Company's business. As a result, the Company has corrected its revenue recognition method to recognize royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees as revenue in the same period as the gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 250 (SEC's Staff Accounting Bulletin 99, "Materiality"), the Company assessed the materiality of the misapplication of GAAP and concluded that the restatement of revenues was not material to any of its previously issued annual financial statements but was material to certain interim periods. In accordance with the accounting guidance in ASC 250 (SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements"), the Company restated its previously issued interim financial statements for the periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and September 30, 2013 and 2012 through the filing of amended quarterly filings on Form 10-Q. In addition, the Company has revised its previously issued audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013 to correct the presentation of revenues and amend its report on internal control over financial reporting.

The following tables present the effect of this and other immaterial errors for the financial statement line items impacted in the affected periods included within this interim financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Income



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014						Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment		As Restated		As Previously Reported		Adjustment			As Restated
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Royalty fees	$	51,681	$	6,859	$	58,540	$	49,736	$	6,372		$	56,108
Marketing and reservation revenues	84,012		5,594		89,606		76,440		5,883			82,323
Total revenues	147,283		12,453		159,736		135,916		12,255			148,171

Selling, general and administrative	26,463		217		26,680		26,916		(248		)	26,668
Depreciation and amortization	2,122		156		2,278		2,041		—			2,041
Marketing and reservation expenses	84,012		5,594		89,606		76,440		5,883			82,323
Total operating expenses	112,597		5,967		118,564		105,397		5,635			111,032

Operating income	34,686		6,486		41,172		30,519		6,620			37,139

Income from continuing operations before income taxes	25,042		6,486		31,528		20,962		6,620			27,582
Income taxes	7,711		2,348		10,059		5,406		2,400			7,806
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	17,331		4,138		21,469		15,556		4,220			19,776

Basic earnings per share, continuing operations	$	0.30	$	0.07	$	0.37	$	0.27	$	0.07		$	0.34
Diluted earnings per share, continuing operations	$	0.29	$	0.07	$	0.36	$	0.26	$	0.08		$	0.34



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014									Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	As Previously Reported			Adjustment			As Restated			As Previously Reported			Adjustment			As Restated
	(in thousands)
Operating Activities:
Net income	$	18,972		$	4,138		$	23,110		$	15,523		$	4,220		$	19,743
Depreciation and amortization	2,122			156			2,278			2,175			—			2,175
Provision for bad debts, net	1,182			217			1,399			844			202			1,046
Non-cash stock compensation and other charges	2,887			(12		)	2,875			2,549			(13		)	2,536
Deferred income taxes	(3		)	2,347			2,344			446			2,401			2,847
Receivables	(7,491		)	(12,440		)	(19,931		)	(3,531		)	(11,484		)	(15,015		)
Advances to/from marketing and reservation, activities	5,309			5,594			10,903			(4,101		)	5,124			1,023
Net cash provided by operating activities	5,264			—			5,264			145			450			595
Investing Activities:
Investment in property and equipment	(3,015		)	—			(3,015		)	(13,645		)	(450		)	(14,095		)
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities	1,027			—			1,027			(12,087		)	(450		)	(12,537		)

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	As of March 31, 2014									As of December 31, 2013
	As Previously Reported			Adjustment			As Restated			As Previously Reported			Adjustment			As Revised
Consolidated Balance Sheets	(in thousands)
Receivables	$	59,241		$	40,906		$	100,147		$	53,521		$	28,864		$	82,385
Deferred income taxes	7,220			21,202			28,422			7,220			19,464			26,684
Total current assets	277,714			62,108			339,822			258,646			48,328			306,974
Property and equipment, at cost, net	56,664			1,604			58,268			66,092			1,760			67,852
Advances, marketing and reservation activities	18,856			(18,696		)	160			19,127			(13,283		)	5,844
Deferred income taxes	20,321			(20,321		)	—			20,282			(20,282		)	—
Total assets	554,900			24,695			579,595			539,899			16,523			556,422
Deferred income taxes	—			9,196			9,196			—			5,149			5,149
Total liabilities	1,009,533			9,196			1,018,729			1,004,144			5,149			1,009,293
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,469		)	(12		)	(5,481		)	(6,217		)	—			(6,217		)
Retained earnings	349,458			15,511			364,969			341,649			11,374			353,023
Total shareholders' deficit	(454,633		)	15,499			(439,134		)	(464,245		)	11,374			(452,871		)

Discontinued Operations

In the first quarter of 2014, the Company's management approved a plan to dispose of the three Company owned Mainstay Suites hotels. As a result, the Company has reported the operations related to these three hotels as discontinued operations beginning with our financial results presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The Company's results of operations for the comparative prior year period have also been recast to account for these operations as discontinued. For additional information regarding discontinued operations, see Note 17, Discontinued Operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, $6.1 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of book overdrafts representing outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit are included in accounts payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company maintains cash balances in domestic banks, which at times, may exceed the limits of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. In addition, as of March 31, 2014, the Company maintains cash balances of $164.2 million in international banks which do not provide deposit insurance.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2013-04, "Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation Is Fixed at the Reporting Date" ("ASU 2013-04"). The ASU requires entities to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date, as the sum of the following: (a) The amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and (b) any additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors. Required disclosures include a description of the joint-and-several arrangement and the total outstanding amount of the obligation for all joint parties. The ASU permits entities to aggregate disclosures (as opposed to providing separate disclosures for each joint-and-several obligation). ASU 2013-04 was effective for all interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company has adopted this ASU on January 1, 2014 and the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, "Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity" ("ASU 2013-05"). ASU 2013-05 clarifies that when a reporting entity ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity, the parent is required to apply the guidance in ASC 830 "Foreign Currency Matters" Subtopic 830-30 to release any related cumulative translation adjustment into

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net income. Accordingly, the cumulative translation adjustment should be released into net income only if the sale or transfer results in the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in which the subsidiary or group of assets had resided. The provisions of ASU 2013-05 are effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013 and the Company has adopted this ASU on January 1, 2014. The adoption of this ASU does not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, "Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists" ("ASU 2013-11"). ASU 2013-11 requires an entity to present an unrecognized tax benefit as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss ("NOL") carryforward, or similar tax loss or tax credit carryforward, rather than as a liability when (1) the uncertain tax position would reduce the NOL or other carryforward under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction and (2) the entity intends to use the deferred tax asset for that purpose. The ASU does not require new recurring disclosures. The provisions of ASU 2013-11 are effective prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2014 and the adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

Future Adoption of Recently Announced Accounting Guidance

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08, "Presentation of Financial Statements and Property, Plant, and Equipment: Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity" ("ASU 2014-08"). ASU 2014-08 changes the definition of a discontinued operation to include only those disposals of components of an entity that represent a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results. ASU 2014-08 is effective for all disposals (or classifications as held for sale) of components of an entity that occur within annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2014, and interim periods within those years. The Company is currently evaluating what impact, if any, the adoption of this ASU will have on the presentation of its consolidated financial statements.


2.	Other Current Assets

Other current assets consist of the following:



	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
Notes receivable, net of allowances (See Note 3)	$	13,312	$	12,816
Prepaid expenses	16,560		13,746
Assets held for sale	3,166		—
Other current assets	3,163		3,148
Total	$	36,201	$	29,710

Assets held for sale at March 31, 2014 represent a Company-owned MainStay Suites hotel located in Greenville, South Carolina and an office building located in Grand Junction, Colorado. The Company entered into a plan to dispose of these assets on January 1, 2014 and therefore has recorded these assets as held for sale. The Company expects to complete the sales of these properties within one year.


3.	Notes Receivable and Allowance for Losses

The Company segregates its notes receivable for the purposes of evaluating allowances for credit losses between two categories: Mezzanine and Other Notes Receivable and Forgivable Notes Receivable. The Company utilizes the level of security it has in the various notes receivable as its primary credit quality indicator (i.e. senior, subordinated or unsecured) when determining the appropriate allowances for uncollectible loans within these categories.

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The following table shows the composition of our notes receivable balances:



	March 31, 2014						December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)
Credit Quality Indicator	Forgivable Notes Receivable		Mezzanine & Other Notes Receivable		Total		Forgivable Notes Receivable		Mezzanine & Other Notes Receivable		Total
Senior	$	—	$	18,101	$	18,101	$	—	$	18,052	$	18,052
Subordinated	—		14,745		14,745		—		14,152		14,152
Unsecured	23,341		3,363		26,704		20,625		3,405		24,030
Total notes receivable	23,341		36,209		59,550		20,625		35,609		56,234
Allowance for losses on non-impaired loans	2,079		1,587		3,666		1,650		1,607		3,257
Allowance for losses on receivables specifically evaluated for impairment	—		8,349		8,349		—		8,289		8,289
Total loan reserves	2,079		9,936		12,015		1,650		9,896		11,546
Net carrying value	$	21,262	$	26,273	$	47,535	$	18,975	$	25,713	$	44,688
Current portion, net	$	221	$	13,091	$	13,312	$	361	$	12,455	$	12,816
Long-term portion, net	21,041		13,182		34,223		18,614		13,258		31,872
Total	$	21,262	$	26,273	$	47,535	$	18,975	$	25,713	$	44,688

The Company classifies notes receivable due within one year as other current assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s Forgivable Notes Receivable and Mezzanine and Other Notes Receivable allowance for losses for the three months ended March 31, 2014:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2014
	Forgivable Notes Receivable			Mezzanine & Other Notes Receivable
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	1,650		$	9,896
Provisions	633			60
Recoveries	(6		)	(20		)
Write-offs	(95		)	—
Other⁽¹⁾	(103		)	—
Ending balance	$	2,079		$	9,936

(1) Consists of default rate assumption changes

Forgivable Notes Receivable

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the unamortized balance of the Company's forgivable notes receivable totaled $23.3 million and $20.6 million, respectively. The Company recorded an allowance for credit losses on these forgivable notes receivable of $2.1 million and $1.7 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Amortization expense included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income related to the notes for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was $1.2 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

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Past due balances of forgivable notes receivable are as follows:



	30-89 days Past Due		> 90 days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Notes Receivable
	(In thousands)
As of March 31, 2014
Forgivable Notes	$	1,246	$	—	$	1,246	$	22,095	$	23,341
	$	1,246	$	—	$	1,246	$	22,095	$	23,341

As of December 31, 2013
Forgivable Notes	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	20,625	$	20,625
	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	20,625	$	20,625

Mezzanine and Other Notes Receivable

The Company determined that approximately $12.5 million of its mezzanine and other notes receivable were impaired at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The Company recorded allowance for credit losses on these impaired loans at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 totaling $8.3 million, resulting in a carrying value of impaired loans of $4.2 million. The Company recognized approximately $54 thousand and $66 thousand of interest income on impaired loans during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, on the cash basis. The Company provided loan reserves on non-impaired loans totaling $1.6 million at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Past due balances of mezzanine and other notes receivable by credit quality indicators are as follows:



	30-89 days Past Due		> 90 days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Notes Receivable
	(In thousands)
As of March 31, 2014
Senior	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	18,101	$	18,101
Subordinated	—		9,629		9,629		5,116		14,745
Unsecured	54		47		101		3,262		3,363
	$	54	$	9,676	$	9,730	$	26,479	$	36,209
As of December 31, 2013
Senior	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	18,052	$	18,052
Subordinated	—		9,629		9,629		4,523		14,152
Unsecured	—		47		47		3,358		3,405
	$	—	$	9,676	$	9,676	$	25,933	$	35,609

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Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality

On December 2, 2011, the Company acquired an $11.5 million mortgage, held on a franchisee hotel asset, from a financial institution for $7.9 million. At the time of acquisition, the Company determined that it would be unable to collect all contractually required payments under the original mortgage terms. The contractually required payments receivable, including principal and interest, under the terms of the acquired mortgage totaled $12.0 million. The Company expects to collect $9.7 million of these contractually required payments. No prepayments were considered in the determination of contractual cash flows and cash flows expected to be collected. At both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the carrying amount of this loan, which is reported under senior mezzanine and other notes receivables, was $7.9 million and there was no allowance for uncollectable amounts. The Company's accretable yield at acquisition was $1.8 million or 7.36% and a reconciliation of the accretable yield for the three months ended March 31, 2014 is as follows:



	Accretable Yield
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	582
Additions	—
Accretion	(143		)
Disposals	—
Reclassifications from nonaccretable yield	—
Ending balance	$	439


4.	Advances, Marketing and Reservation Activities (as restated)

The Company’s franchise agreements require the payment of franchise fees, which include marketing and reservation system fees. The Company is obligated to use the marketing and reservation system revenues it collects from the current franchisees comprising its various hotel brands to provide marketing and reservation services appropriate to support the operation of the overall system. In discharging its obligation to provide sufficient and appropriate marketing and reservation services, the Company has the right to expend funds in an amount reasonably necessary to ensure the provision of such services, whether or not such amount is currently available to the Company for reimbursement. The franchise agreements provide the Company the right to advance monies to the franchise system when the needs of the system surpass the balances currently available. As a result, expenditures by the Company in support of marketing and reservation services in excess of available revenues are deferred and recorded as an asset in the Company’s financial statements. Conversely, cumulative marketing and reservation system revenues not expended are recorded as a liability in the financial statements and are carried over to the next fiscal year and expended in accordance with the franchise agreements or utilized to reimburse the Company for prior year advances.

Under the terms of these agreements, the Company has the contractually enforceable right to assess and collect from its current franchisees, fees sufficient to pay for the marketing and reservation services the Company has procured for the benefit of the franchise system, including fees to reimburse the Company for past services rendered. The Company has the contractual authority to require that the franchisees in the system at any given point repay any deficits related to marketing and reservation activities. The Company’s current franchisees are contractually obligated to pay any assessment the Company imposes on its franchisees to obtain reimbursement of such deficit regardless of whether those constituents continue to generate gross room revenue and whether or not they joined the system following the deficit's occurrence.

At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company incurred marketing and reservation system expenses in excess of cumulative marketing and reservation system fees earned of $0.2 million and $5.8 million, respectively. Based on the Company's analysis of projected cash flows from marketing and reservation activities for all periods presented, the Company concluded that the cumulative advances for marketing and reservation activities recorded as an asset on the balance sheet were fully recoverable and as a result no reserves were necessary.

Depreciation and amortization expense attributable to marketing and reservation activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was $3.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively. Interest expense attributable to marketing and reservation activities was $0.6 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

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5.	Other Assets

Other assets consist of the following:



	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
Equity method investments	$	35,391	$	32,257
Deferred financing fees, net	8,826		8,954
Land	10,087		10,097
Other assets	949		856
Total	$	55,253	$	52,164

Land represents the Company’s purchase of real estate as part of its program to incent franchise development in strategic markets for certain brands. The Company has acquired this real estate with the intent to either resell it to third-party developers for the construction of hotels operated under the Company’s brands or contribute the land into joint ventures for the same purpose. The real estate is carried at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value (based on comparable sales), less estimated costs to sell.

Equity Method Investments - Variable Interest Entities

Equity method investments include investments in joint ventures totaling $31.3 million and $28.9 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively that the Company determined to be variable interest entities. These investments relate to the Company's program to offer equity support to qualified franchisees to develop and operate Cambria Suites hotels in strategic markets. Based on an analysis of who has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact these entities performance and who has an obligation to absorb losses of these entities or a right to receive benefits from these entities that could potentially be significant to the entity, the Company determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of any of its variable interest entities. The Company based its quantitative analysis on the forecasted cash flows of the entity and its qualitative analysis on its review of the design of the entity, its organizational structure including decision-making ability and the relevant development, operating management and financial agreements. As a result, the Company's investment in these entities is accounted for under the equity method. For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized losses totaling $44 thousand and $0.1 million, respectively, from these investments.


6.	Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of the following:



	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
Loyalty programs	$	56,806	$	53,875
Initial, relicensing and franchise fees	4,485		5,354
Procurement service fees	2,623		1,504
Other	5,241		455
Total	$	69,155	$	61,188

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7.	Debt

Debt consists of the following at:



	March 31, 2014		December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
$400 million senior unsecured notes with an effective interest rate of 5.94% at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013	$	400,000	$	400,000
$250 million senior unsecured notes with an effective interest rate of 6.19% less discount of $0.4 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013	249,588		249,572
$350 million senior secured credit facility with an effective interest rate of 2.16% and 2.17% at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively	151,875		138,750
Economic development loans with an effective interest rate of 3.00% at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013	3,360		3,360
Capital lease obligations due 2016 with an effective interest rate of 3.18% at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013	1,673		1,848
Other notes payable	27		29
Total debt	$	806,523	$	793,559
Less current portion	11,026		10,088
Total long-term debt	$	795,497	$	783,471

Senior Notes Due 2022

On June 27, 2012, the Company issued unsecured senior notes in the principal amount of $400 million (the "2012 Senior Notes") at par, bearing a coupon of 5.75% with an effective rate of 5.94%. The 2012 Senior Notes will mature on July 1, 2022, with interest to be paid semi-annually on January 1^st and July 1^st. The Company used the net proceeds of this offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, together with a portion of the proceeds from a new credit facility, to pay a special cash dividend in 2012 totaling approximately $600.7 million. The Company's 2012 Senior Notes are guaranteed jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, subject to certain customary limitations by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries.

Senior Notes Due 2020

On August 25, 2010, the Company issued unsecured senior notes in the principal amount of $250 million (the "2010 Senior Notes") at a discount of $0.6 million, bearing a coupon of 5.7% with an effective rate of 6.19%. The 2010 Senior Notes will mature on August 28, 2020, with interest to be paid semi-annually on February 28^th and August 28^th. The Company used the net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses, to repay outstanding borrowings and for other general corporate purposes. The Company's 2010 Senior Notes are guaranteed jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, subject to certain customary limitations by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries.

Revolving Credit Facility

On July 25, 2012, the Company entered into a $350 million senior secured credit facility, comprised of a $200 million revolving credit tranche (the "Revolver") and a $150 million term loan tranche (the "Term Loan") with Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and a syndication of lenders (the "Credit Facility"). The Credit Facility has a final maturity date of July 25, 2016, subject to an optional one-year extension provided certain conditions are met. Up to $25 million of the borrowings under the Revolver may be used for letters of credit, up to $10 million of borrowings under the Revolver may be used for swing-line loans and up to $35 million of borrowings under the Revolver may be used for alternative currency loans. The Term Loan requires quarterly amortization payments (a) during the first two years, in equal installments aggregating 5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan per year, (b) during the second two years, in equal installments aggregating 7.5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan per year, and (c) during the one-year extension period (if exercised), equal installments aggregating 10% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan.

The Credit Facility is unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain of the Company's domestic subsidiaries. The subsidiary guarantors currently include all subsidiaries that guarantee the obligations under the Company's Indenture governing the terms of its 2010 and 2012 Senior Notes.

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The Credit Facility is secured by first priority pledges of (i) 100% of the ownership interests in certain domestic subsidiaries owned by the Company and the guarantors, (ii) 65% of the ownership interests in (a) the top-tier foreign holding company of the Company's foreign subsidiaries, and (b) the domestic subsidiary that owns the top-tier foreign holding company of the Company's foreign subsidiaries and (iii) all presently existing and future domestic franchise agreements (the “Franchise Agreements”) between the Company and individual franchisees, but only to the extent that the Franchise Agreements may be pledged without violating any law of the relevant jurisdiction or conflicting with any existing contractual obligation of the Company or the applicable franchisee. At the time that the maximum total leverage ratio is required to be no greater than 4.0 to 1.0 (beginning of year 4 of the Credit Facility), the security interest in the Franchise Agreements will be released.

The Company may at any time prior to the final maturity date increase the amount of the Credit Facility by up to an additional $100 million to the extent that any one or more lenders commit to being a lender for the additional amount and certain other customary conditions are met. Such additional amounts may take the form of an increased revolver or term loan.

The Company may elect to have borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to (i) LIBOR, plus a margin ranging from 200 to 425 basis points based on the Company's total leverage ratio or (ii) a base rate plus a margin ranging from 100 to 325 basis points based on the Company's total leverage ratio.

The Credit Facility requires the Company to pay a fee on the undrawn portion of the Revolver, calculated on the basis of the average daily unused amount of the Revolver multiplied by 0.30% per annum.

The Company may reduce the Revolver commitment and/or prepay the Term Loan in whole or in part at any time without penalty, subject to reimbursement of customary breakage costs, if any. Any Term Loan prepayments made by the Company shall be applied to reduce the scheduled amortization payments in direct order of maturity.

Additionally, the Credit Facility requires that the Company and its restricted subsidiaries comply with various covenants, including with respect to restrictions on liens, incurring indebtedness, making investments, paying dividends or repurchasing stock, and effecting mergers and/or asset sales. With respect to dividends, the Company may not make any payment if there is an existing event of default or if the payment would create an event of default. In addition, if the Company's total leverage ratio exceeds 4.50 to 1.00, the Company is generally restricted from paying aggregate dividends in excess of $50.0 million during any calendar year.

The Credit Facility also imposes financial maintenance covenants requiring the Company to maintain:


•	a total leverage ratio of not more than 5.75 to 1.00 in year 1, 5.00 to 1.00 in year 2, 4.50 to 1.00 in year 3 and 4.00 to 1.00 thereafter,


•	a maximum secured leverage ratio of not more than 2.50 to 1.00 in year 1, 2.25 to 1.00 in year 2, 2.00 to 1.00 in year 3 and 1.75 to 1.00 thereafter, and


•	a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 2.00 to 1.00 in years 1 and 2, 2.25 to 1.00 in year 3 and 2.50 to 1.00 thereafter.

The Credit Facility includes customary events of default, the occurrence of which, following any applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare the principal, accrued interest and other obligations of the Company under the Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable. At March 31, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.

At March 31, 2014, the Company had $136.9 million and $15.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan and Revolver, respectively. At December 31, 2013, the Company had $138.8 million outstanding under the Term Loan and no amounts outstanding under the Revolver.

Economic Development Loans

The Company entered into economic development agreements with various governmental entities in conjunction with the relocation of its corporate headquarters in April 2013. In accordance with these agreements, the governmental entities agreed to advance approximately $4.4 million to the Company to offset a portion of the corporate headquarters relocation and tenant improvement costs in consideration of the employment of permanent, full-time employees within the jurisdictions. At March 31, 2014, the Company had been advanced approximately $3.4 million pursuant to these agreements and expects to receive the remaining $1 million over the next several years, subject to annual appropriations by the governmental entities. These advances bear interest at a rate of 3% per annum.

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portion or all of the advances including accrued interest by April 30^th following the measurement date. Any outstanding advances at the expiration of the Company's 10 year corporate headquarters lease in 2023 will be forgiven in full. The advances will be included in long-term debt in the Company's consolidated balance sheets until the Company determines that the future performance conditions will be met over the entire term of the agreement and the Company will not be required to repay the advances. The Company accrues interest on the portion of the advances that it expects to repay. The Company was in compliance with all current performance conditions as of March 31, 2014.


8.	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (restated)

The following represents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, by component for the three months ended March 31, 2014:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014									Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
	Loss on Cash Flow Hedge			Foreign Currency Items			Total			Loss on Cash Flow Hedge			Foreign Currency Items			Total
	(In thousands)									(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	(5,745	)	$	(472	)	$	(6,217	)	$	(6,607	)	$	2,391		$	(4,216	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification	—			521			521			—			(245		)	(245		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	215			—			215			215			—			215
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	215			521			736			215			(245		)	(30		)
Ending balance	$	(5,530	)	$	49		$	(5,481	)	$	(6,392	)	$	2,146		$	(4,246	)



Component	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income(Loss)				Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statement of Net Income
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014		Three Months Ended March 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
Loss on cash flow hedge
Interest rate contract	$	215	$	215	Interest expense
	—		—		Tax (expense) benefit
	$	215	$	215	Net of tax

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The amounts reclassified from other accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) during the three months ended March 31, 2014 were reclassified to the following line items in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income.



Component	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income(Loss)		Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statement of Net Income
	(In thousands)
Loss on cash flow hedge
Interest rate contract	$	215	Interest expense
	—		Tax (expense) benefit
	$	215	Net of tax


9.	Non-Qualified Retirement, Savings and Investment Plans

The Company sponsors two non-qualified retirement savings and investment plans for certain employees and senior executives. Employee and Company contributions are maintained in separate irrevocable trusts. Legally, the assets of the trusts remain those of the Company; however, access to the trusts' assets is severely restricted. The trusts cannot be revoked by the Company or an acquirer, but the assets are subject to the claims of the Company's general creditors. The participants do not have the right to assign or transfer contractual rights in the trusts.

In 2002, the Company adopted the Choice Hotels International, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan ("EDCP") which became effective January 1, 2003. Under the EDCP, certain executive officers may defer a portion of their salary into an irrevocable trust. Prior to January 1, 2010, participants could elect an investment return of either the annual yield of the Moody's Average Corporate Bond Rate Yield Index plus 300 basis points, or a return based on a selection of available diversified investment options. Effective January 1, 2010, the Moody's Average Corporate Bond Rate Yield Index plus 300 basis points is no longer an investment option for salary deferrals made on compensation earned after December 31, 2009. The Company recorded current and long-term deferred compensation liabilities of $9.3 million and $11.3 million, as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, related to these deferrals and credited investment returns. Compensation expense is recorded in SG&A expense on the Company's consolidated statements of income based on the change in the deferred compensation obligation related to earnings credited to participants as well as changes in the fair value of diversified investments. Compensation expense recorded in SG&A related to the EDCP for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

The Company has invested the employee salary deferrals in diversified long-term investments which are intended to provide investment returns that partially offset the earnings credited to the participants. The diversified investments held in the trusts totaled $4.5 million and $4.1 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and are recorded at their fair value, based on quoted market prices. At March 31, 2014, the Company expects $0.2 million of the assets held in the trusts to be distributed to participants during the next twelve months. These investments are considered trading securities and therefore the changes in the fair value of the diversified assets is included in other gains and losses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded investment gains related to the EDCP during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 of approximately $30 thousand and $0.1 million, respectively. In addition, the EDCP Plan held shares of the Company's common stock with a market value of $0.2 million at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, which were recorded as a component of shareholders' deficit.

In 1997, the Company adopted the Choice Hotels International, Inc. Non-Qualified Retirement Savings and Investment Plan ("Non-Qualified Plan"). The Non-Qualified Plan allows certain employees who do not participate in the EDCP to defer a portion of their salary and invest these amounts in a selection of available diversified investment options. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had recorded a deferred compensation liability of $13.6 million and $13.7 million, respectively, related to these deferrals. Compensation expense is recorded in SG&A expense on the Company's consolidated statements of income based on the change in the deferred compensation obligation related to earnings credited to participants as well as changes in the fair value of diversified investments. The net increase (decrease) in compensation expense recorded in SG&A related to the Non-Qualified Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was $(0.1) million and $0.8 million, respectively.

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accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded investment gains related to the Non-Qualified Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 of approximately $37 thousand and $0.6 million, respectively. In addition, the Non-Qualified Plan held shares of the Company's common stock with a market value of $1.1 million and $1.4 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which are recorded as a component of shareholders' deficit.


10.	Fair Value Measurements

The Company estimates the fair value of its financial instruments utilizing a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The following summarizes the three levels of inputs, as well as the assets that the Company values using those levels of inputs.

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets consist of marketable securities (primarily mutual funds) held in the Company’s EDCP and Non-Qualified Plan deferred compensation plans.

Level 2: Observable inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable. The Company’s Level 2 assets consist of money market funds held in the Company’s EDCP and Non-Qualified Plan deferred compensation plans and those recorded in cash and cash equivalents.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs, supported by little or no market data available, where the reporting entity is required to develop its own assumptions to determine the fair value of the instrument.

The Company's policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of the three levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the end of each quarterly reporting period. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 and 3 assets during the three months ended March 31, 2014.

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had the following assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:



	Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets	(In thousands)
As of March 31, 2014
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	50,001	$	—	$	50,001	$	—
Mutual funds⁽¹⁾	15,206		15,206		—		—
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	1,820		—		1,820		—
	$	67,027	$	15,206	$	51,821	$	—
As of December 31, 2013
Money market funds, included in cash and cash equivalents	$	50,001	$	—	$	50,001	$	—
Mutual funds⁽¹⁾	14,564		14,564		—		—
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	1,786		—		1,786		—
	$	66,351	$	14,564	$	51,787	$	—

________________________


(1)	Included in Investments, employee benefit plans fair value on the consolidated balance sheets.

Other Financial Instruments

The Company believes that the fair value of its current assets and current liabilities approximate their reported carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these items. In addition, the interest rates of the Company's Credit Facility adjust frequently based on current market rates; accordingly its carrying amount approximates fair value.

The Company estimates the fair value of notes receivable which approximate their carrying value, utilizing an analysis of future cash flows and credit worthiness for similar types of arrangements. Based upon the availability of market data, these notes receivables have been classified as Level 3 inputs. The primary sensitivity in these calculations is based on the selection of appropriate interest and discount rates. For further information on the notes receivables, see Note 3.

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The fair value of the Company's 2010 and 2012 Senior Notes are classified as Level 2 as the significant inputs are observable in an active market. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the 2010 Senior Notes had an approximate fair value of $270.0 million and $261.3 million, respectively. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the 2012 Senior Notes had an approximate fair value of $424.0 million and $416.0 million, respectively.

Fair values estimated are made at a specific point in time, are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment. Settlement of such fair value amounts may not be possible and may not be a prudent management decision.


11.	Income Taxes (restated)

The effective income tax rates for income from continuing operations were 31.9% and 28.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The effective income tax rate for discontinued operations was 37.1% for both the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

The effective income tax rate for continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was lower than the U.S federal income tax rate of 35% due to the recurring impact of foreign operations, partially offset by state income taxes. The effective income tax rate for continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013 was further reduced by the settlement of unrecognized tax positions and by legislation retroactively extending the U.S. controlled foreign corporation look-through rules.

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12.	Share-Based Compensation and Capital Stock

Stock Options

The Company granted 0.7 million and 0.2 million options to certain employees of the Company at a fair value of $5.7 million and $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The stock options granted by the Company had an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the options granted was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:



	2014 Grants			2013 Grants
Risk-free interest rate	1.56		%	0.73		%
Expected volatility	25.01		%	38.14		%
Expected life of stock option	4.5 years			4.5 years
Dividend yield	1.62		%	2.01		%
Requisite service period	4 years			4 years
Contractual life	7 years			7 years
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	8.82		$	9.89

The expected life of the options and volatility are based on historical data and are not necessarily indicative of exercise patterns or actual volatility that may occur. Historical volatility is calculated based on a period that corresponds to the expected life of the stock option. The dividend yield and the risk-free rate of return are calculated on the grant date based on the then current dividend rate and the risk-free rate of return for the period corresponding to the expected life of the stock option. Compensation expense related to the fair value of these awards is recognized straight-line over the requisite service period based on those awards that ultimately vest.

The aggregate intrinsic value of the stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2014 was $31.6 million and $27.5 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was approximately $1.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively.

The Company received approximately $1.5 million and $5.4 million in proceeds from the exercise of 58,749 and 204,323 employee stock options during the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Restricted Stock

The following table is a summary of activity related to restricted stock grants:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2014		2013
Restricted share grants	129,793		194,541
Weighted average grant date fair value per share	$	46.71	$	36.76
Aggregate grant date fair value ($000)	$	6,062	$	7,151
Restricted shares forfeited	1,332		21,499
Vesting service period of shares granted	4 years		3 - 4 years
Grant date fair value of shares vested ($000)	$	7,269	$	6,999

Compensation expense related to the fair value of these awards is recognized straight-line over the requisite service period based on those restricted stock grants that ultimately vest. The fair value of grants is measured by the market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. Restricted stock awards generally vest ratably over the service period beginning with the first anniversary of the grant date. Awards granted to retirement eligible non-employee directors are recognized over the shorter of the requisite service period or the length of time until retirement since the terms of the grant provide that the awards will vest upon retirement.

Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units

The Company has granted performance vested restricted stock units ("PVRSU") to certain employees. The fair value is measured by the market price of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. The vesting of these stock awards is contingent upon the Company achieving performance targets at the end of specified performance periods and the employees'

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continued employment. The performance conditions affect the number of shares that will ultimately vest. The range of possible stock-based award vesting is generally between 0% and 200% of the initial target. If minimum performance targets are not attained then no awards will vest under the terms of the various PVRSU agreements. Compensation expense related to these awards is recognized over the requisite service period based on the Company's estimate of the achievement of the various performance targets. The Company has currently estimated that between 71% and 120% of the various award targets will be achieved. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period only on those PVRSUs that ultimately vest.

The following table is a summary of activity related to PVRSU grants:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2014		2013
Performance vested restricted stock units granted at target	43,871		58,902
Weighted average grant date fair value per share	$	45.59	$	36.76
Aggregate grant date fair value ($000)	$	2,000	$	2,165
Stock units forfeited	—		—
Requisite service period	36 months		22-36 months

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, a total of 28,886 PVRSU grants vested at a fair value of $1.4 million. These PVRSU grants were initially granted at a target of 18,635 units. However, since the Company achieved 155% of the targeted performance conditions contained in the stock awards granted in prior periods, an additional 10,251 shares were earned and issued.

During the three months ended March 31, 2013, a total of 39,816 PVRSU grants vested at a fair value of $1.3 million. These PVRSU grants were initially granted at a target of 30,624 units. However, since the Company achieved 130% of the targeted performance conditions contained in the stock awards granted in prior periods, an additional 9,192 shares were earned and issued.

A summary of stock-based award activity as of March 31, 2014 and changes during the three months ended are presented below:



	Stock Options					Restricted Stock				Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units
	Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2014	1,661,952		$	26.44		563,345		$	36.64	216,342		$	37.34
Granted	651,757		$	45.59		129,793		$	46.71	43,871		$	45.59
Performance based leveraging ⁽¹⁾	—		$	—		—		$	—	10,251		$	41.25
Exercised/Vested	(58,749	)	$	26.33		(151,957	)	$	36.57	(28,886	)	$	41.25
Expired	—		$	—		—		$	—	—		$	—
Forfeited	—		$	—		(1,332	)	$	37.57	—		$	—
Outstanding at March 31, 2014	2,254,960		$	31.98	4.0	539,849		$	39.08	241,578		$	38.54
Options exercisable at March 31, 2014	1,326,714		$	25.24	2.3

^{_________________________________}

⁽¹⁾PVRSU units outstanding have been increased by 10,251 units due to the Company exceeding the targeted performance conditions contained in PVRSUs granted in prior periods during the three months ended March 31, 2014.

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The components of the Company’s pretax share-based compensation expense and associated income tax benefits are as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
(in millions)	2014		2013
Stock options	$	0.4	$	0.5
Restricted stock	1.9		1.8
Performance vested restricted stock units	0.7		0.6
Total	$	3.0	$	2.9
Income tax benefits	$	1.1	$	1.1

Dividends

The Company currently pays a quarterly dividend on its common stock of $0.185 per share, however the declaration of future dividends are subject to the discretion of the board of directors. During both the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company's board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.185 per share or approximately $10.8 million.

In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded dividends totaling $0.4 million and $0.5 million related to previously declared dividends that were contingent upon the vesting of performance vested restricted stock units.

Share Repurchases and Redemptions

No shares of common stock were purchased by the Company under the share repurchase program during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company redeemed 94,443 shares of common stock at a total cost of approximately $4.5 million from employees to satisfy the option exercise price and minimum tax-withholding requirements related to the exercising of stock options and vesting of performance vested restricted stock units and restricted stock grants. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, the Company redeemed 96,977 shares of common stock at a total cost of approximately $3.6 million from employees to satisfy statutory minimum tax requirements from the vesting of restricted stock and performance vested restricted stock unit grants. These redemptions were outside the share repurchase program.

Other

Effective January 1, 2014, the Company reduced its reported number of common shares outstanding by 0.3 million shares to address a reconciling item with the Company's share transfer agent.

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13.	Earnings Per Share (restated)

The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share is as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
Computation of Basic Earnings Per Share:
Numerator:
Net income from continuing operations	$	21,469		$	19,776
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	1,641			(33		)
Net income	23,110			19,743
Income allocated to participating securities	(202		)	(207		)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	22,908		$	19,536
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	57,807			57,720

Basic earnings per share - Continuing operations	$	0.37		$	0.34
Basic earnings per share - Discontinued operations	0.03			—
	$	0.40		$	0.34

Computation of Diluted Earnings Per Share:
Numerator:
Net income from continuing operations	$	21,469		$	19,776
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	1,641			(33		)
Net income	23,110			19,743
Income allocated to participating securities	(201		)	(206		)
Net income available to common shareholders	$	22,909		$	19,537
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	57,807			57,720
Diluted effect of stock options and PVRSUs	493			361
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	58,300			58,081

Diluted earnings per share - Continuing operations	$	0.36		$	0.34
Diluted earnings per share - Discontinued operations	0.03			—
	$	0.39		$	0.34

The Company's unvested restricted shares contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends, and thus are participating securities requiring the two-class method of computing earnings per share ("EPS"). The calculation of EPS for common stock shown above excludes the income attributable to the unvested restricted share awards from the numerator and excludes the dilutive impact of those awards from the denominator.

At March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had 2.3 million and 1.8 million outstanding stock options, respectively. Stock options are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation using the treasury stock method and average market prices during the period, unless the stock options would be anti-dilutive. For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not exclude any anti-dilutive stock options from the diluted earnings per share calculation.

PVRSUs are also included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when the performance conditions have been met at the reporting date. However, at March 31, 2014 and 2013, PVRSUs totaling 241,578 and 198,394, respectively, were excluded from the computation since the performance conditions had not been met.

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14.	Condensed Consolidating Financial Statements (restated)

The Company’s 2010 and 2012 Senior Notes are guaranteed jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, subject to certain customary limitations, by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries. There are no legal or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends to Choice Hotels International, Inc. from subsidiaries that do not guarantee the Senior Notes. As a result of the guarantee arrangements, the following condensed consolidating financial statements are presented. Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

The condensed consolidating financial statements have been restated for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 has been revised from previously issued interim and annual financial statements to reflect the correction of an error discussed in Note 1 under the heading "Revision to Prior Annual Financial Statements and Restatement of Prior Interim Financial Statements" and other immaterial errors.

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent (Restated)			Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)			Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)			Eliminations (Restated)			Consolidated (Restated)
REVENUES:
Royalty fees	$	52,995		$	24,215		$	10,522		$	(29,192	)	$	58,540
Initial franchise and relicensing fees	3,584			—			156			—			3,740
Procurement services	4,631			—			147			—			4,778
Marketing and reservation	78,821			73,899			4,135			(67,249		)	89,606
Other	2,956			—			116			—			3,072
Total revenues	142,987			98,114			15,076			(96,441		)	159,736
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Selling, general and administrative	30,574			22,091			3,207			(29,192		)	26,680
Marketing and reservation	81,585			70,944			4,326			(67,249		)	89,606
Depreciation and amortization	751			1,318			209			—			2,278
Total operating expenses	112,910			94,353			7,742			(96,441		)	118,564
Operating income	30,077			3,761			7,334			—			41,172
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET:
Interest expense	10,168			1			2			—			10,171
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries	(10,926		)	61			—			10,865			—
Other items, net	(428		)	(67		)	(32		)	—			(527		)
Total other income and expenses, net	(1,186		)	(5		)	(30		)	10,865			9,644
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	31,263			3,766			7,364			(10,865		)	31,528
Income taxes	8,153			1,804			102			—			10,059
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	23,110			1,962			7,262			(10,865		)	21,469
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			1,641			—			—			1,641
Net income	$	23,110		$	3,603		$	7,262		$	(10,865	)	$	23,110

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent (Restated)			Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)			Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Eliminations (Restated)			Consolidated (Restated)
REVENUES:
Royalty fees	$	50,416		$	24,205		$	9,387	$	(27,900	)	$	56,108
Initial franchise and relicensing fees	3,568			—			209		—			3,777
Procurement services	3,800			—			150		—			3,950
Marketing and reservation	71,045			76,163			4,547		(69,432		)	82,323
Other	1,788			—			225		—			2,013
Total revenues	130,617			100,368			14,518		(97,332		)	148,171
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Selling, general and administrative	29,284			21,988			3,296		(27,900		)	26,668
Marketing and reservation	73,592			73,162			5,001		(69,432		)	82,323
Depreciation and amortization	714			1,127			200		—			2,041
Total operating expenses	103,590			96,277			8,497		(97,332		)	111,032
Operating income	27,027			4,091			6,021		—			37,139
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET:
Interest expense	10,736			33			1		—			10,770
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries	(8,445		)	—			—		8,445			—
Other items, net	(548		)	(711		)	46		—			(1,213		)
Total other income and expenses, net	1,743			(678		)	47		8,445			9,557
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	25,284			4,769			5,974		(8,445		)	27,582
Income taxes	5,541			2,078			187		—			7,806
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	19,743			2,691			5,787		(8,445		)	19,776
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	—			(33		)	—		—			(33		)
Net income	$	19,743		$	2,658		$	5,787	$	(8,445	)	$	19,743

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent (Restated)		Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Eliminations (Restated)			Consolidated (Restated)

Net income	$	23,110	$	3,603	$	7,262	$	(10,865	)	$	23,110
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Amortization of loss on cash flow hedge	215		—		—		—			215
Foreign currency translation adjustment	521		—		521		(521		)	521
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	736		—		521		(521		)	736
Comprehensive income	$	23,846	$	3,603	$	7,783	$	(11,386	)	$	23,846

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent (Restated)			Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)			Eliminations (Restated)			Consolidated (Restated)

Net income (loss)	$	19,743		$	2,658	$	5,787		$	(8,445	)	$	19,743
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Amortization of loss on cash flow hedge	215			—		—			—			215
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(245		)	—		(245		)	245			(245		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(30		)	—		(245		)	245			(30		)
Comprehensive income	$	19,713		$	2,658	$	5,542		$	(8,200	)	$	19,713

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As of March 31, 2014

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent (Restated)			Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)		Eliminations (Restated)			Consolidated (Restated)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10,363		$	298	$	164,217	$	—		$	174,878
Receivables, net	89,770			1,735		8,642		—			100,147
Other current assets	24,499			42,348		1,224		(3,274		)	64,797
Total current assets	124,632			44,381		174,083		(3,274		)	339,822
Property and equipment, at cost, net	11,114			46,204		950		—			58,268
Goodwill	60,620			5,193		—		—			65,813
Franchise rights and other identifiable intangibles, net	6,017			1,941		1,246		—			9,204
Advances, marketing and reservation activities	160			—		—		—			160
Notes receivable, net of allowances	13,182			19,282		1,759		—			34,223
Investments, employee benefit plans, at fair value	—			16,852		—		—			16,852
Investment in affiliates	390,232			30,299		—		(420,531		)	—
Advances to affiliates	12,408			188,294		10,999		(211,701		)	—
Deferred income taxes	—			8,536		903		(9,439		)	—
Other assets	8,826			13,405		33,022		—			55,253
Total assets	$	627,191		$	374,387	$	222,962	$	(644,945	)	$	579,595
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Accounts payable	$	6,219		$	34,219	$	4,380	$	—		$	44,818
Accrued expenses	19,462			15,828		1,929		—			37,219
Deferred revenue	12,057			56,303		795		—			69,155
Current portion of long-term debt	10,312			703		11		—			11,026
Deferred compensation and retirement plan obligations	—			573		—		—			573
Other current liabilities	—			8,740		—		(3,274		)	5,466
Total current liabilities	48,050			116,366		7,115		(3,274		)	168,257
Long-term debt	791,150			4,332		15		—			795,497
Deferred compensation & retirement plan obligations	—			22,378		9		—			22,387
Advances from affiliates	203,922			354		7,425		(211,701		)	—
Other liabilities	23,203			17,992		832		(9,439		)	32,588
Total liabilities	1,066,325			161,422		15,396		(224,414		)	1,018,729
Total shareholders’ (deficit) equity	(439,134		)	212,965		207,566		(420,531		)	(439,134		)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficit	$	627,191		$	374,387	$	222,962	$	(644,945	)	$	579,595

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As of December 31, 2013

(In thousands)



	Parent			Guarantor Subsidiaries		Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminations			Consolidated
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,785		$	569	$	157,441	$	—		$	167,795
Receivables, net	72,219			1,475		8,691		—			82,385
Other current assets	26,395			34,987		752		(5,340		)	56,794
Total current assets	108,399			37,031		166,884		(5,340		)	306,974
Property and equipment, at cost, net	11,087			55,963		802		—			67,852
Goodwill	60,620			5,193		—		—			65,813
Franchise rights and other identifiable intangibles, net	6,553			2,096		1,304		—			9,953
Advances, marketing and reservation activities	5,844			—		—		—			5,844
Notes receivable, net of allowances	13,257			17,158		1,457		—			31,872
Investments, employee benefit plans, at fair value	—			15,950		—		—			15,950
Investment in affiliates	376,712			28,312		—		(405,024		)	—
Advances to affiliates	14,198			189,833		10,896		(214,927		)	—
Deferred income taxes	—			10,710		871		(11,581		)	—
Other assets	8,955			13,184		30,025		—			52,164
Total assets	$	605,625		$	375,430	$	212,239	$	(636,872	)	$	556,422
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Accounts payable	$	6,276		$	30,778	$	4,609	$	—		$	41,663
Accrued expenses	28,215			26,503		1,907		—			56,625
Deferred revenue	7,065			53,414		709		—			61,188
Current portion of long-term debt	9,375			702		11		—			10,088
Deferred compensation and retirement plan obligations	—			2,492		—		—			2,492
Other current liabilities	—			7,401		221		(5,340		)	2,282
Total current liabilities	50,931			121,290		7,457		(5,340		)	174,338
Long-term debt	778,946			4,507		18		—			783,471
Deferred compensation & retirement plan obligations	—			22,520		7		—			22,527
Advances from affiliates	206,931			362		7,634		(214,927		)	—
Other liabilities	21,688			18,216		634		(11,581		)	28,957
Total liabilities	1,058,496			166,895		15,750		(231,848		)	1,009,293
Total shareholders’ (deficit) equity	(452,871		)	208,535		196,489		(405,024		)	(452,871		)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit	$	605,625		$	375,430	$	212,239	$	(636,872	)	$	556,422

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014

(Unaudited, in thousands)



	Parent			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	4,252		$	(5,359	)	$	6,371		$	—		$	5,264

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in property and equipment	(1,359		)	(1,444		)	(212		)	—			(3,015		)
Equity method investments	—			(98		)	(3,281		)	—			(3,379		)
Issuance of mezzanine and other notes receivable	(587		)	—			—			—			(587		)
Collections of mezzanine and other notes receivable	68			—			—			—			68
Purchases of investments, employee benefit plans	—			(890		)	—			—			(890		)
Proceeds from sales of investments, employee benefit plans	—			281			—			—			281
Proceeds from sales of assets	—			8,703			—			—			8,703
Advances to and investments in affiliates	(1,000		)	(2,314		)	—			3,314			—
Other items, net	(154		)	—			—			—			(154		)
Net cash provided (used) in investing activities	(3,032		)	4,238			(3,493		)	3,314			1,027

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net borrowings pursuant to revolving credit facility	15,000			—			—			—			15,000
Principal payments on long-term debt	(1,875		)	(174		)	(3		)	—			(2,052		)
Proceeds from contribution from affiliates	—			—			3,314			(3,314		)	—
Purchase of treasury stock	(4,530		)	—			—			—			(4,530		)
Dividends paid	(10,784		)	—			—			—			(10,784		)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation	—			1,024			—			—			1,024
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	1,547			—			—			—			1,547
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities	(642		)	850			3,311			(3,314		)	205
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	578			(271		)	6,189			—			6,496
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	—			—			587			—			587
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	9,785			569			157,441			—			167,795
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	10,363		$	298		$	164,217		$	—		$	174,878

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Choice Hotels International, Inc.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

(Unaudited, in Thousands)



	Parent			Guarantor Subsidiaries (Restated)			Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminations			Consolidated (Restated)

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	(17,180	)	$	8,182		$	9,593		$	—		$	595

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in property and equipment	(2,328		)	(11,687		)	(80		)	—			(14,095		)
Equity method investments	—			—			(1,000		)	—			(1,000		)
Collections of mezzanine and other notes receivable	19			—			—			—			19
Purchases of investments, employee benefit plans	—			(1,242		)	—			—			(1,242		)
Proceeds from sales of investments, employee benefit plans	—			3,882			—			—			3,882
Advances to and investments in affiliates	(1,000		)	—			—			1,000			—
Other items, net	(101		)	—			—			—			(101		)
Net cash provided (used) in investing activities	(3,410		)	(9,047		)	(1,080		)	1,000			(12,537		)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net borrowings pursuant to revolving credit facility	18,000			—			—			—			18,000
Principal payments on long-term debt	(1,875		)	(166		)	(5		)	—			(2,046		)
Purchase of treasury stock	(3,634		)	—			—			—			(3,634		)
Dividends paid	(503		)	—			—			—			(503		)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation	—			952			—			—			952
Proceeds from contributions from affiliates	—			—			1,000			(1,000		)	—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	5,367			—			—			—			5,367
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities	17,355			786			995			(1,000		)	18,136
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(3,235		)	(79		)	9,508			—			6,194
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	—			—			(146		)	—			(146		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	8,420			407			125,350			—			134,177
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	5,185		$	328		$	134,712		$	—		$	140,225

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15.	Reportable Segment Information (restated)

Franchising: Franchising includes the Company's hotel franchising operations consisting of its eleven brands. The eleven brands are aggregated within this segment considering their similar economic characteristics, types of customers, distribution channels and regulatory business environments. Revenues from the franchising business include royalty fees, initial franchise and relicensing fees, marketing and reservation system fees, procurement services revenue and other franchising related revenue. The Company is obligated under its franchise agreements to provide marketing and reservation services appropriate for the operation of its systems. These services do not represent separate reportable segments as their operations are directly related to the Company's franchising business. The revenues received from franchisees that are used to pay for part of the Company's ongoing operations are included in franchising revenues and are offset by the related expenses paid for marketing and reservation activities to calculate franchising operating income.

SkyTouch Technology: SkyTouch Technology ("SkyTouch") is a division of the Company that develops and markets cloud-based technology products to hoteliers not under franchise agreements with the Company.

The Company evaluates its segments based primarily on the results of the segment without allocating corporate expenses, income taxes or indirect general and administrative expenses. Equity in earnings or losses from franchising related joint ventures is allocated to the Company's franchising segment. All other joint ventures are allocated to corporate & other. Corporate and other expenses consist primarily of overhead selling, general and administrative costs such as finance, legal, human resources and other general administrative expenses that are not allocated to the Company's two segments. As described in Note 4, certain interest expenses related to the Company's marketing and reservation activities are allocated to the franchising segment. The Company does not allocate the remaining interest expense, interest income, other gains and losses or income taxes to its segments.

Financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2013 have been updated to reflect the financial results for the Company's SkyTouch segment which was established as a separate segment in the second quarter of 2013. The financial results related to SkyTouch were previously reported as a component of Corporate & Other.

The following table presents the financial information for the Company's segments:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 (Restated)										Three Months Ended March 31, 2013 (Restated)
(In thousands)	Franchising		SkyTouch Technology			Corporate & Other			Consolidated		Franchising		SkyTouch Technology			Corporate & Other			Consolidated
Revenues	$	159,683	$	53		$	—		$	159,736	$	148,171	$	—		$	—		$	148,171
Operating income (loss)	$	54,210	$	(3,506	)	$	(9,532	)	$	41,172	$	50,358	$	(1,805	)	$	(11,414	)	$	37,139
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$	54,219	$	(3,506	)	$	(19,185	)	$	31,528	$	50,281	$	(1,805	)	$	(20,894	)	$	27,582


16.	Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is not a party to any litigation other than litigation in the ordinary course of business. The Company's management and legal counsel do not expect that the ultimate outcome of any of its currently ongoing legal proceedings, individually or collectively, will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Contingencies

On October 9, 2012, the Company entered into a limited payment guaranty with regards to a VIE's $18.0 million bank loan for the construction of a hotel franchised under one of the Company's brands in the United States. Under the terms of the limited guaranty, the Company has agreed to guarantee 25% of the outstanding principal balance and accrued and unpaid interest, as well as any unpaid expenses incurred by the lender. The limited guaranty shall remain in effect until the maximum amount guaranteed by the Company is paid in full. In addition to the limited guaranty, the Company entered into an agreement in

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which the Company guarantees the completion of the construction of the hotel and an environmental indemnity agreement which indemnifies the lending institution from and against any damages relating to or arising out of possible environmental contamination issues with regards to the property.

On November 15, 2013, the Company entered into a limited payment guaranty with regards to a VIE's $46.2 million bank loan for the construction of a hotel franchised under one of the Company's brands in the United States. Under the terms of the limited guaranty, the Company has agreed to unconditionally guarantee and become surety for the full and timely payment of the guaranteed outstanding principal balance, as well as any unpaid expenses incurred by the lender. The guarantee is limited to 25% of the outstanding principal balance of the $46.2 million loan due at any time. The limited guaranty shall remain in effect until the maximum amount guaranteed by the Company is repaid in full. The maturity date of the VIE's loan is May 2017. In conjunction with this guaranty, the Company has entered into a reimbursement and guaranty agreement with certain individuals that requires them to reimburse the Company in an amount equal to 75% of any payments made by the Company under this limited payment guaranty.

Commitments

The Company has the following commitments outstanding at March 31, 2014:

•

The Company occasionally provides financing in the form of forgivable promissory notes or cash incentives to franchisees for property improvements, hotel development efforts and other purposes. At March 31, 2014, the Company had commitments to extend an additional $11.1 million for these purposes provided certain conditions are met by its franchisees, of which $5.8 million is expected to be advanced in the next twelve months.


•	The Company committed to make additional capital contributions totaling $4.1 million to existing joint ventures related to the construction of various hotels to be operated under the Company's Cambria Suites brand. These commitments are expected to be funded in the next twelve months.

•

The Company has a property improvement incentive program for its domestic Comfort Inn and Comfort Suites hotels to incent hotel owners to renovate their properties to accelerate improvement of the brand's product quality and consistency, guest satisfaction and brand performance. The Company has committed to provide financing in the form of forgivable promissory notes to qualifying domestic hotels for a portion of their Company approved and completed property improvement expenses. Financing will be provided upon the completion and Company certification of the renovations. At March 31, 2014, the Company had commitments to extend $31.1 million for this purpose provided certain conditions are met by its franchisees. These commitments are expected to be funded in the next twelve months.


•	The Company has committed to loan monies totaling approximately $3.3 million to support the construction of a hotel under the Company's Cambria Suites brand. At March 31, 2014, the Company had funded approximately $0.6 million of this commitment and is expected to fund the remaining commitment within the next twelve months.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into numerous agreements that contain standard indemnities whereby the Company indemnifies another party for breaches of representations and warranties. Such indemnifications are granted under various agreements, including those governing (i) purchases or sales of assets or businesses, (ii) leases of real estate, (iii) licensing of trademarks, (iv) access to credit facilities, (v) issuances of debt or equity securities, and (vi) certain operating agreements. The indemnifications issued are for the benefit of the (i) buyers in sale agreements and sellers in purchase agreements, (ii) landlords in lease contracts, (iii) franchisees in licensing agreements, (iv) financial institutions in credit facility arrangements, (v) underwriters in debt or equity security issuances and (vi) parties under certain operating agreements. In addition, these parties are also generally indemnified against any third party claim resulting from the transaction that is contemplated in the underlying agreement. While some of these indemnities extend only for the duration of the underlying agreement, many survive the expiration of the term of the agreement or extend into perpetuity (unless subject to a legal statute of limitations). There are no specific limitations on the maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these indemnities, nor is the Company able to develop an estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments to be made under these indemnifications as the triggering events are not subject to predictability. With respect to certain of the aforementioned indemnities, such as indemnifications of landlords against third party claims for the use of real estate property leased by the Company, the Company maintains insurance coverage that mitigates potential liability.

17. Discontinued Operations

In the first quarter of 2014, the Company's management approved a plan to sell the three Company-owned hotels operated under the MainStay Suites brand. At March 31, 2014, the Company had disposed of two of the three hotels and expects the third hotel to be sold during the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company determined that this disposal transaction met

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the definition of a discontinued operation since the operations and cash flows of this component has and will be eliminated from the on-going operations of the Company and the Company will not have significant continuing involvement in the operations of the hotels after the disposal transaction.

The operations related to these three Company-owned hotels were reported as a component of "Corporate and Other" for segment reporting purposes. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the Company's financial position as of March 31, 2014 presented in these Consolidated Financial Statements reflect these three Company-owned hotels as discontinued operations. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2013 presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to account for these operations as discontinued. Summarized financial information related to the discontinued operations is as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2014		2013
	(In thousands)
Revenues
Hotel operations	$	690	$	956
Total revenues	690		956
Expenses
Hotel operations	662		875
Depreciation and amortization	—		134
Total operating expenses	662		1,009
Operating income (loss)	28		(53		)
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations	2,581		—
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes	2,609		(53		)
Income tax (benefit)	968		(20		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	$	1,641	$	(33	)

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	As of March 31, 2014		As of December 31, 2013
	(In thousands)
Cash	$	274	$	550
Receivables, net	67		106
Other current assets (includes assets held for sale totaling $2,723 at March 31, 2014)	2,870		223
Income taxes receivable	—		20
Total current assets	3,211		899
Property and equipment, at cost, net	—		8,816
Total assets	$	3,211	$	9,715

Accounts payable	$	225	$	425
Accrued expenses	10		10
Income taxes payable	968		—
Total liabilities	$	1,203	$	435

Net assets of discontinued operations	$	2,008	$	9,280

18. Subsequent Events

On April 29, 2014, the Company sold a MainStay Suites hotel located in Greenville, South Carolina for $3.1 million. The sale of the property included all fixtures, furnishings and equipment located in the hotel and all other assets, rights and property pertaining to the ownership and operations of the MainStay.

On May 8, 2014, the Company's board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.185 per share of common stock. The dividend is payable on July 15, 2014 to stockholders of record on July 1, 2014. Based on the Company's share count at March 31, 2014, total dividends to be paid are expected to be approximately $10.8 million.


ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help the reader understand the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Choice Hotels International, Inc. and its subsidiaries (together the "Company") contained in this report. MD&A is provided as a supplement to-and should be read in conjunction with-our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes.

As described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements under the heading "Revision to Prior Annual Financial Statements and Restatement of Prior Interim Financial Statements", the Company has corrected its revenue recognition method for its royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fee revenues and expenses and other immaterial errors. As a result, the Company now recognizes royalty and marketing and reservation system fee revenue in the same period that the gross room revenues are earned by the Company's franchisees, not one month in arrears. As a result, the Company has revised certain operating statistics in MD&A from previously reported amounts.

Overview

We are a primarily a hotel franchisor with franchise agreements representing 6,364 hotels open and 493 hotels under construction, awaiting conversion or approved for development as of March 31, 2014, with 507,152 rooms and 39,163 rooms, respectively, in 50 states, the District of Columbia and over 35 countries and territories outside the United States. Our brand names include Comfort Inn®, Comfort Suites®, Quality®, Clarion®, Ascend Hotel Collection®, Sleep Inn®, Econo Lodge®, Rodeway Inn®, MainStay Suites®, Suburban Extended Stay Hotel®, and Cambria Suites® (collectively, the "Choice brands").

The Company's domestic franchising operations are conducted through direct franchising relationships while its international franchise operations are conducted through a combination of direct franchising and master franchising relationships. Master

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franchising relationships are governed by master franchising agreements which generally provide the master franchisee with the right to use our brands and sub-license the use of our brands in a specific geographic region, usually for a fee.

Our business strategy has been to conduct direct franchising in those international markets where both franchising is an accepted business model and we believe our brands can achieve significant scale. We elect to enter into master franchise agreements in those markets where direct franchising is currently not a prevalent or viable business model. When entering into master franchising relationships, we strive to select partners that have professional hotel and asset management capabilities together with the financial capacity to invest in building the Choice brands in their respective markets. Master franchising relationships typically provide lower revenues to the Company as the master franchisees are responsible for managing certain necessary services (such as training, quality assurance, reservations and marketing) to support the franchised hotels in the master franchise area and therefore retain a larger percentage of the hotel franchise fees to cover their expenses. In certain circumstances, the Company has and may continue to make equity investments in our master franchisees.

As a result of our use of master franchising relationships and international market conditions, total revenues from international franchising operations comprised 8% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2014, while representing approximately 18% of hotels open at March 31, 2014. Therefore, our description of the franchise system is primarily focused on the domestic operations.

Our Company generates revenues, income and cash flows primarily from initial, relicensing and continuing royalty fees attributable to our franchise agreements. Revenues are also generated from qualified vendor arrangements, hotel operations and other sources. The hotel industry is seasonal in nature. For most hotels, demand is lower in December through March than during the remainder of the year. Our principal source of revenues is franchise fees based on the gross room revenues of our franchised properties. The Company's franchise fee revenues reflect the industry's seasonality and historically have been lower in the first and fourth quarter than in the second, third quarters.

With a focus on hotel franchising instead of ownership, we benefit from the economies of scale inherent in the franchising business. The fee and cost structure of our business provides opportunities to improve operating results by increasing the number of franchised hotel rooms and effective royalty rates of our franchise contracts resulting in increased initial fee and relicensing revenue, ongoing royalty fees and procurement services revenues. In addition, our operating results can also be improved through our company-wide efforts related to improving property level performance. The Company currently estimates, based on its current domestic portfolio of hotels under franchise, a 1% change in revenue per available room ("RevPAR") or rooms under franchise would increase or decrease annual domestic royalty revenues by approximately $2.5 million and a 1 basis point change in the Company's effective royalty rate would increase or decrease annual domestic royalties by approximately $0.6 million. In addition to these revenues, we also collect marketing and reservation system fees to support centralized marketing and reservation activities for the franchise system. The Company's hotel franchising business currently has relatively low capital expenditure requirements.

The principal factors that affect the Company’s results are: the number and relative mix of franchised hotel rooms in the various hotel lodging price categories; growth in the number of hotel rooms under franchise; occupancy and room rates achieved by the hotels under franchise; the effective royalty rate achieved; the level of franchise sales and relicensing activity; and our ability to manage costs. The number of rooms at franchised properties and occupancy and room rates at those properties significantly affect the Company’s results because our fees are based upon room revenues at franchised hotels. The key industry standard for measuring hotel-operating performance is RevPAR, which is calculated by multiplying the percentage of occupied rooms by the average daily room rate realized. Our variable overhead costs associated with franchise system growth of our established brands have historically been less than incremental royalty fees generated from new franchises. Accordingly, continued growth of our franchise business should enable us to realize benefits from the operating leverage in place and improve operating results.

We are required by our franchise agreements to use the marketing and reservation system fees we collect for system-wide marketing and reservation activities. These expenditures, which include advertising costs and costs to maintain our central reservations and property management systems, help to enhance awareness and increase consumer preference for our brands. Greater awareness and preference promotes long-term growth in business delivery to our franchisees and increases the desirability of our brands to hotel owners and developers, which ultimately increases franchise fees earned by the Company.

Our Company articulates its mission as a commitment to our franchisees’ profitability by providing our franchisees with hotel franchises that strive to generate the highest return on investment of any hotel franchise. We have developed an operating system dedicated to our franchisees’ success that focuses on delivering guests to our franchised hotels and reducing costs for our hotel owners.

We believe that executing our strategic priorities creates value for our shareholders. Our Company focuses on two key goals:

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Profitable Growth. Our success is dependent on improving the performance of our hotels, increasing our system size by selling additional hotel franchises, effective royalty rate improvement and maintaining a disciplined cost structure. We attempt to improve our franchisees’ revenues and overall profitability by providing a variety of products and services designed to increase business delivery to and/or reduce operating and development costs for our franchisees. These products and services include national marketing campaigns, a central reservation system, property and yield management systems, quality assurance standards and qualified vendor relationships. We believe that healthy brands, which deliver a compelling return on investment for franchisees, will enable us to sell additional hotel franchises and raise royalty rates over time. We have established multiple brands that meet the needs of many types of guests, and can be developed at various price points and applied to both new and existing hotels. This is intended to ensure that we have brands suitable for creating growth in a variety of market conditions. Improving the performance of the hotels under franchise, growing the system through additional franchise sales and improving franchise agreement pricing while maintaining a disciplined cost structure are the keys to profitable growth.

Maximizing Financial Returns and Creating Value for Shareholders. Our capital allocation decisions, including capital structure and uses of capital, are intended to maximize our return on invested capital and create value for our shareholders. We believe our strong and predictable cash flows create a strong financial position that provides us a competitive advantage. Currently, our business does not require significant capital to operate and grow. Therefore, we can maintain a capital structure that generates high financial returns and use our excess cash flow to increase returns to our shareholders primarily through share repurchases, dividends or investing in growth opportunities.

Historically, we have returned value to our shareholders through share repurchases and dividends. In 1998, we instituted a share repurchase program which has generated substantial value for our shareholders. Since the program's inception through March 31, 2014, we have repurchased 45.3 million shares (including 33.0 million prior to the two-for-one stock split effected in October 2005) of common stock at a total cost of $1.1 billion. Considering the effect of the two-for-one stock split, the Company has repurchased 78.3 million shares at an average price of $13.89 per share. At March 31, 2014, we had approximately 1.4 million shares remaining under the current share repurchase authorization. We currently believe that our cash flows from operations will support our ability to complete the current board of directors repurchase authorization. Upon completion of the current authorization, our board of directors will evaluate the advisability of additional share repurchases.

The Company commenced paying quarterly dividends in 2004 and in 2012 the Company elected to pay a special cash dividend totaling approximately $600 million. The Company currently maintains the payment of a quarterly dividend on its common shares outstanding of $0.185 per share, however the declaration of future dividends are subject to the discretion of the board of directors. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, we paid cash dividends totaling approximately $10.8 million. We expect to continue to pay dividends in the future, subject to declaration by our board of directors as well as future business performance, economic conditions, changes in income tax regulations and other factors. Based on the present dividend rate and outstanding share count, we expect that aggregate annual regular dividends for 2014 would be approximately $43.6 million.

The Company also allocates capital to exploring growth opportunities in business areas that are adjacent or complementary to our core hotel franchising business, which leverage our core competencies and are additive to our franchising business model. The timing and amount of these investments are subject to market and other conditions and include the following:

Our board of directors authorized a program which permits us to offer financing, investment and guaranty support to qualified franchisees as well as allows us to acquire and resell real estate to incent franchise development for certain brands in strategic markets. Recent market conditions have resulted in increased opportunities to incentivize development under this program and as a result over the next several years we expect to deploy capital pursuant to this program opportunistically to promote growth of our emerging brands. The amount and timing of the investment in this program will be dependent on market and other conditions. Our current expectation is that our annual investment in this program will range from $20 million to $40 million per year and we generally expect to recycle these investments within a five year period.

In March 2013, the Company announced the launch of a new division, SkyTouch Technology("SkyTouch"), which develops and markets cloud-based technology products for the hotel industry. In conjunction with the establishment of this new division, the Company expects to incur costs in excess of revenues earned as it further develops SkyTouch's product offerings and invests in sales and marketing. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company expects to incur selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses in excess of revenues by approximately $20 million.

Notwithstanding investments in SkyTouch and other alternative growth strategies, the Company expects to continue to return value to its shareholders over time through a combination of share repurchases and dividends, subject to the discretion of our board of directors as well as to business performance, economic conditions, changes in income tax regulations and other factors.

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We believe these investments and strategic priorities, when properly implemented, will enhance our profitability, maximize our financial returns and continue to generate value for our shareholders. The ultimate measure of our success will be reflected in the items below.

Results of Operation: Royalty fees, operating income, net income and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") represent key measurements of these value drivers. These measurements are primarily driven by the operations of our franchise system and therefore our analysis of the Company's operations is primarily focused on the size, performance and potential growth of the franchise system as well as our variable overhead costs.

Refer to MD&A heading "Operations Review" for additional analysis of our results.

Liquidity and Capital Resources: Historically, the Company has generated significant cash flows from operations. Since our business does not currently require significant reinvestment of capital, we typically utilize cash in ways that management believes provide the greatest returns to our shareholders which include share repurchases and dividends. However, we may determine to utilize cash for acquisitions and other investments in the future. We believe the Company’s cash flow from operations and available financing capacity is sufficient to meet the expected future operating, investing and financing needs of the business.

Refer to MD&A heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional analysis.

Non-GAAP Financial Statement Measurements

The Company utilizes certain measures which do not conform to generally accepted accounting principles accepted in the United States ("GAAP") when analyzing and discussing its results with the investment community. This information should not be considered as an alternative to any measure of performance as promulgated under GAAP. The Company’s calculation of these measurements may be different from the calculations used by other companies and therefore comparability may be limited. We have included a reconciliation of these measures to the comparable GAAP measurement below as well as our reasons for reporting these non-GAAP measures.

Franchising Revenues: The Company utilizes franchising revenues, which exclude revenues from marketing and reservation system activities and the SkyTouch division, rather than total revenues when analyzing the performance of the business. Marketing and reservation activities are excluded from franchising revenues since the Company is contractually required by its franchise agreements to use the fees collected for marketing and reservation activities; as such, no income or loss to the Company is generated. Cumulative marketing and reservation system fees not expended are recorded as a liability in the Company’s financial statements and are carried over to the next fiscal year and expended in accordance with the franchise agreements. Cumulative marketing and reservation expenditures incurred in excess of fees collected for marketing and reservation activities are deferred and recorded as an asset in the Company’s financial statements and recovered in future periods. SkyTouch is a division of the Company that develops and markets cloud-based technology products, including inventory management, pricing and connectivity to third party channels, to hoteliers not under franchise agreements with the Company. SkyTouch operations are excluded from franchising revenues since those operations do not reflect the Company's core franchising business but represent an adjacent, complimentary line of business. This non-GAAP measure is a commonly used measure of performance in our industry and facilitates comparisons between the Company and its competitors.

Calculation of Franchising Revenues



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	(in thousands)
	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
Franchising Revenues:
Total Revenues	$	159,736		$	148,171
Adjustments:
Marketing and reservation system revenues	(89,606		)	(82,323		)
SkyTouch division	(53		)	—
Franchising Revenues	$	70,077		$	65,848

Adjusted EBITDA: We also utilize adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") to analyze our results which reflects earnings from continuing operations excluding the impact of interest expense, interest income, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, other (gains) and losses and equity earnings of

unconsolidated affiliates. We consider Adjusted EBITDA to be an indicator of operating performance because we use it to measure our ability to service debt, fund capital expenditures, and expand our business. We also use Adjusted EBITDA, as do analysts, lenders, investors and others, to evaluate companies because it excludes certain items that can vary widely across different industries or among companies within the same industry. For example, interest expense can be dependent on a company’s capital structure, debt levels and credit ratings. Accordingly, the impact of interest expense on earnings can vary significantly among companies. The tax positions of companies can also vary because of their differing abilities to take advantage of tax benefits and because of the tax policies of the jurisdictions in which they operate. As a result, effective tax rates and provision for income taxes can vary considerably among companies. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes depreciation and amortization because companies utilize productive assets of different ages and use different methods of both acquiring and depreciating productive assets. These differences can result in considerable variability in the relative costs of productive assets and the depreciation and amortization expense among companies. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA is also utilized as a performance indicator as it excludes equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates and other (gains) and losses which primarily reflect the performance of investments held in the Company's non-qualified retirement, savings and investment plans which can vary widely from period to period based on market conditions.

Calculation of Adjusted EBITDA



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	(in thousands)
	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
Adjusted EBITDA:
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	$	21,469		$	19,776
Income taxes	10,059			7,806
Interest expense	10,171			10,770
Interest income	(503		)	(644		)
Other (gains) and losses	(59		)	(710		)
Equity in net loss of affiliates	35			141
Depreciation and amortization	2,278			2,041
Adjusted EBITDA	$	43,450		$	39,180

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Operations Review

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three-Month Periods Ended March 31, 2014 and 2013

Summarized financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:



(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2014 (Restated)			2013 (Restated)
REVENUES:
Royalty fees	$	58,540		$	56,108
Initial franchise and relicensing fees	3,740			3,777
Procurement services	4,778			3,950
Marketing and reservation	89,606			82,323
Other	3,072			2,013
Total revenues	159,736			148,171
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Selling, general and administrative	26,680			26,668
Depreciation and amortization	2,278			2,041
Marketing and reservation	89,606			82,323
Total operating expenses	118,564			111,032
Operating income	41,172			37,139
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET:
Interest expense	10,171			10,770
Interest income	(503		)	(644		)
Other (gains) and losses	(59		)	(710		)
Equity in net loss of affiliates	35			141
Total other income and expenses, net	9,644			9,557
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	31,528			27,582
Income taxes	10,059			7,806
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes	21,469			19,776
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	1,641			(33		)
Net income	$	23,110		$	19,743

Results of Operations

The Company recorded income from continuing operations, net of income taxes of $21.5 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2014, a $1.7 million, or 9% increase from the same period of the prior year. The increase in income from continuing operations primarily reflects a $4.0 million increase in operating income partially offset by an increase in the Company's effective income tax rate from continuing operations from 28.3% for the three month period ended March 31, 2013 to 31.9% for the three month period ended March 31, 2014.

Operating income increased $4.0 million as the Company's franchising revenues increased by $4.2 million or 6.4%. Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2014 increased $4.3 million or 10.9% to $43.5 million. The key drivers of these fluctuations are described in more detail below.

Franchising Revenues: Franchising revenues were $70.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to $65.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, an increase of 6%. The increase in franchising revenues is primarily due to a $2.4 million or 4% increase in royalty revenues, a $0.8 million increase in procurement services revenues and a $1.1 million increase in other revenues.

Royalty Fees

Domestic royalty fees for the three months ended March 31, 2014 increased $2.7 million to $53.2 million, an increase of 5% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2013. The increase in royalties is attributable to a combination of factors including a 6.0% increase in RevPAR and a 1.6% increase in the number of domestic franchised hotel rooms open. These increases were partially offset by a 4 basis point decline in the effective royalty rate from 4.37% to 4.33%. System-wide

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RevPAR increased due to a combination of a 1.8% increase in average daily rates and a 210 basis point increase in occupancy rates.

A summary of the Company's domestic franchised hotels operating information is as follows:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014* (Restated)						For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013* (Restated)						Change
	Average Daily Rate		Occupancy		RevPAR		Average Daily Rate		Occupancy		RevPAR		Average Daily Rate		Occupancy			RevPAR
Comfort Inn	$	79.22	54.8	%	$	43.40	$	77.75	52.5	%	$	40.81	1.9	%	230		bps	6.3	%
Comfort Suites	86.84		60.8	%	52.84		84.92		58.5	%	49.64		2.3	%	230		bps	6.4	%
Sleep	72.87		55.6	%	40.49		71.09		53.4	%	37.95		2.5	%	220		bps	6.7	%
Quality	67.53		49.6	%	33.50		66.30		47.3	%	31.37		1.9	%	230		bps	6.8	%
Clarion	70.95		48.8	%	34.61		70.59		46.2	%	32.60		0.5	%	260		bps	6.2	%
Econo Lodge	52.67		44.3	%	23.32		52.28		42.6	%	22.28		0.7	%	170		bps	4.7	%
Rodeway	51.21		49.4	%	25.32		49.18		46.6	%	22.94		4.1	%	280		bps	10.4	%
MainStay	70.76		64.8	%	45.83		70.05		62.2	%	43.60		1.0	%	260		bps	5.1	%
Suburban	43.23		70.3	%	30.38		42.17		69.5	%	29.31		2.5	%	80		bps	3.7	%
Ascend Hotel Collection	111.34		58.2	%	64.75		117.67		61.5	%	72.31		(5.4	)%	(330	)	bps	(10.5	)%
Total	$	71.94	52.7	%	$	37.92	$	70.70	50.6	%	$	35.77	1.8	%	210		bps	6.0	%

___________________

*Operating statistics exclude Cambria Suites since the operating statistics are not representative of a stabilized brand which the Company defines as having at least 25 units open and operating for a twelve month period.

The number of domestic rooms on-line increased by 6,515 rooms or 1.6% to 402,417 as of March 31, 2014 from 395,902 as of March 31, 2013. The total number of domestic hotels on-line increased by 2.4% to 5,211 as of March 31, 2014 from 5,091 as of March 31, 2013.

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A summary of domestic hotels and rooms on-line at March 31, 2014 and 2013 by brand is as follows:



	March 31, 2014		March 31, 2013		Variance
	Hotels	Rooms	Hotels	Rooms	Hotels		Rooms		%		%
Comfort Inn	1,297	101,099	1,332	104,159	(35	)	(3,060	)	(2.6	)%	(2.9	)%
Comfort Suites	590	45,609	597	46,079	(7	)	(470	)	(1.2	)%	(1.0	)%
Sleep	381	27,517	382	27,685	(1	)	(168	)	(0.3	)%	(0.6	)%
Quality	1,236	102,327	1,172	99,090	64		3,237		5.5	%	3.3	%
Clarion	191	27,393	190	27,268	1		125		0.5	%	0.5	%
Econo Lodge	840	51,544	811	49,244	29		2,300		3.6	%	4.7	%
Rodeway	449	25,077	421	24,269	28		808		6.7	%	3.3	%
MainStay	43	3,329	41	3,165	2		164		4.9	%	5.2	%
Suburban	63	7,152	63	7,241	—		(89	)	—	%	(1.2	)%
Ascend Hotel Collection	103	9,251	63	5,481	40		3,770		63.5	%	68.8	%
Cambria Suites	18	2,119	19	2,221	(1	)	(102	)	(5.3	)%	(4.6	)%
Total Domestic Franchises	5,211	402,417	5,091	395,902	120		6,515		2.4	%	1.6	%

Domestic hotels open and operating increased by 31 hotels during the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to a net increase of 8 domestic hotels open and operating during the three months ended March 31, 2013. Gross domestic franchise additions increased from 62 for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to 67 for the same period of 2014. New construction hotels represented 8 of the gross domestic additions during the three months ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 8 new construction hotel openings in the same period of the prior year. Gross domestic additions for conversion hotels during the three months ended March 31, 2014 increased by 5 units to 59 from 54 for the three months ended March 31, 2013. The increase in franchise openings primarily reflects an increase in the number of executed contracts over the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2014. The Company expects the number of new franchise units that will open during 2014 to increase from 340 in 2013 to approximately 348 hotels. Although there has been an increase in the number of projected openings, new construction and conversion openings continue to be impacted by the restrictive lending environment, retention efforts implemented by other hotel brand companies and competition for existing hotels seeking a new brand affiliation.

Net domestic franchise terminations declined from 54 in the three months ended March 31, 2013 to 36 for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The decline in net terminations primarily reflects a decrease in the number of hotels removed from our franchise system for non-payment of franchise fees and non-compliance with Company's rules and regulations. Under certain circumstances, as an alternative to terminating a hotel from the franchise system, the Company may seek to reposition hotels that are under-performing or that no longer meet the quality and brand standards of their particular brand to another one of the Choice brands. As a result of this strategy, during the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company repositioned 9 Comfort Inn and 1 Comfort Suites hotels to other brands. As industry supply growth continues to improve and return to historical average levels, the Company will continue to execute its strategy to replace or reposition franchised hotels that do not meet brand standards or are under-performing in their market.

International rooms open and operating increased 0.2% to 104,735 as of March 31, 2014 from 104,474 as of March 31, 2013. The total number of international hotels declined 1.7% from 1,173 as of March 31, 2013 to 1,153 as of March 31, 2014. Despite the increase in open rooms, international royalties decreased by $0.3 million or 5% from the first quarter of 2013 to $5.4 million for the same period of 2014. The decline in royalties was primarily the result of unfavorable foreign currency fluctuations in the countries in which we operate.

Initial Franchise and Relicensing Fees

Domestic initial fee revenue, included in the initial franchise and relicensing fees caption on the Company's statements of income, generated from executed franchise agreements decreased $0.2 million to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 from $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013. Domestic initial fee revenue decreased approximately 11% primarily due to a 29% decrease in the number of new domestic executed franchise agreements partially offset by an increase in the amount of deferred revenue recognized in 2014 related to franchise agreements containing developer incentives that were executed in prior years. Revenues associated with agreements including incentives are deferred and recognized when the incentive criteria are met or the agreement is terminated, whichever comes first.

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New domestic franchise agreements executed in the three months ended March 31, 2014 totaled 59 representing 4,690 rooms compared to 83 agreements representing 6,330 rooms executed in the first quarter of 2013. During the first quarter of 2014, 19 of the executed agreements were for new construction hotel franchises representing 1,413 rooms compared to 10 contracts representing 754 rooms for the three months ended March 31, 2013. The increase in new construction franchise agreements primarily reflects a gradual improvement of the lending environment for hotel construction and improving lodging fundamentals including an increasing RevPAR environment and low industry supply growth which are typically a catalyst for increased construction of new hotels.

Conversion hotel executed franchise agreements totaled 40 representing 3,277 rooms for the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to 73 agreements representing 5,576 rooms for the same period a year ago. The decline in conversion hotel franchise agreements primarily reflect a large multi-unit transaction executed during the first quarter of 2013. During the three months ended March 31, 2013, the Company executed 21 Ascend Hotel Collection franchise agreements in conjunction with a strategic alliance entered into with BlueGreen Vacation Resorts.

A summary of executed domestic franchise agreements by brand for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 is as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2014			Three Months Ended March 31, 2013			% Change
	New Construction	Conversion	Total	New Construction	Conversion	Total	New Construction		Conversion		Total
Comfort Inn	3	3	6	3	5	8	—	%	(40	)%	(25	)%
Comfort Suites	1	—	1	2	2	4	(50	)%	(100%)		(75	)%
Sleep	4	—	4	1	—	1	300	%	NM		300	%
Quality	1	10	11	—	19	19	NM		(47	)%	(42	)%
Clarion	—	2	2	—	3	3	NM		(33	)%	(33	)%
Econo Lodge	—	6	6	—	8	8	NM		(25	)%	(25	)%
Rodeway	1	15	16	—	9	9	NM		67	%	78	%
MainStay	4	—	4	1	—	1	300	%	NM		300	%
Suburban	1	1	2	—	1	1	NM		—	%	100	%
Ascend Hotel Collection	3	3	6	2	26	28	50%		(88	)%	(79	)%
Cambria Suites	1	—	1	1	—	1	—	%	NM		—	%
Total Domestic System	19	40	59	10	73	83	90	%	(45	)%	(29	)%

Relicensing fees include fees charged to the new owners of a franchised property whenever an ownership change occurs and the property remains in the franchise system as well as fees required to renew expiring franchise contracts. Domestic relicensing revenues increased $0.2 million or 15% from $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in revenues is due to a 20% increase in the execution of domestic relicensing and renewal contracts partially offset by a decline in the average fees per contract. Domestic relicensing and renewal contracts increased from 69 in the first quarter of 2013 to 83 for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

As of March 31, 2014, the Company had 398 franchised hotels with 30,261 rooms under construction, awaiting conversion or approved for development in its domestic system as compared to 395 hotels and 30,984 rooms at March 31, 2013. The number of new construction franchised hotels in the Company's domestic pipeline increased 3% to 240 at March 31, 2014 from 232 at March 31, 2013. The number of conversion franchised hotels in the Company's domestic pipeline decreased by 5 hotels or 3% from 163 hotels at March 31, 2013 to 158 hotels at March 31, 2014. The Company had an additional 95 franchised hotels with 8,902 rooms under construction, awaiting conversion or approved for development in its international system as of March 31, 2014 compared to 81 hotels and 6,993 rooms at March 31, 2013. While the Company's hotel pipeline provides a strong platform for growth, a hotel in the pipeline does not always result in an open and operating hotel due to various factors.

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A summary of the domestic franchised hotels pipeline, which includes hotels under construction, awaiting conversion and approved for development, at March 31, 2014 and 2013 by brand is as follows:



							Variance
	March 31, 2014 Units			March 31, 2013 Units			Conversion				New Construction				Total
	Conversion	New Construction	Total	Conversion	New Construction	Total	Units		%		Units		%		Units		%
Comfort Inn	39	51	90	30	49	79	9		30	%	2		4	%	11		14	%
Comfort Suites	2	46	48	2	67	69	—		—	%	(21	)	(31	)%	(21	)	(30	)%
Sleep	1	48	49	1	44	45	—		—	%	4		9	%	4		9	%
Quality	38	4	42	35	2	37	3		9	%	2		100	%	5		14	%
Clarion	6	2	8	9	—	9	(3	)	(33	)%	2		NM		(1	)	(11	)%
Econo Lodge	20	2	22	23	—	23	(3	)	(13	)%	2		NM		(1	)	(4	)%
Rodeway	33	2	35	30	—	30	3		10	%	2		NM		5		17	%
MainStay	2	35	37	—	25	25	2		NM		10		40	%	12		48	%
Suburban	6	17	23	3	12	15	3		100	%	5		42	%	8		53	%
Ascend Hotel Collection	11	12	23	30	9	39	(19	)	(63	)%	3		33	%	(16	)	(41	)%
Cambria Suites	—	21	21	—	24	24	—		NM		(3	)	(13	)%	(3	)	(13	)%
	158	240	398	163	232	395	(5	)	(3	)%	8		3	%	3		1	%

Procurement Services: Revenues increased $0.8 million or 21% from $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in revenues primarily reflects the implementation of new brand programs as well as an increased volume of business transacted with qualified vendors and strategic alliance partners.

Other Income: Revenue increased $1.1 million from the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in other income is primarily due to income generated from additional fees implemented in late 2013 and charged to franchisees for non-compliance with the Company's rules and regulations.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses: The cost to operate the business is reflected in SG&A on the consolidated statements of income. SG&A expenses were consistent from year to year as SG&A was $26.7 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013.

SG&A expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 include approximately $3.3 million and $1.8 million, respectively related to the Company's SkyTouch division. The increase in expenses related to SkyTouch primarily reflects increased investment in the division's sales and marketing efforts and product development.

Excluding the SG&A expenses for the SkyTouch division, SG&A for the three months ended March 31, 2014 decreased $1.5 million from the prior year primarily due to higher occupancy costs incurred in 2013 due to the relocation of the Company's corporate headquarters and lower variable franchise sales compensation and procurement services expenses incurred in 2014 compared to the prior year. In addition, compensation expense recognized on deferred compensation arrangements declined by approximately $1.1 million. The decline in compensation expense reflects lower increases in the fair value of investments held in the Company's non-qualified employee benefit plans during the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to the prior year.

Marketing and Reservations: The Company's franchise agreements require the payment of franchise fees, which include marketing and reservation system fees. The fees, which are primarily based on a percentage of the franchisees' gross room revenues, are used exclusively by the Company for expenses associated with providing franchise services such as central reservation and property management systems, national marketing and media advertising. The Company is contractually obligated to expend the marketing and reservation system fees it collects from franchisees in accordance with the franchise agreements; as such, no net income or loss to the Company is generated.

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Total marketing and reservation system revenues increased 9% from $82.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to $89.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in revenues was primarily due to improved system fees resulting from system growth and RevPAR increases and increasing revenues from the Choice Privileges loyalty program resulting from the growth in program membership. Depreciation and amortization attributable to marketing and reservation activities was $3.8 million and $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest expense attributable to marketing and reservation activities was approximately $0.6 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company's balance sheets include deferred costs of $0.2 million and $5.8 million, respectively, from cumulative marketing and reservation expenses incurred in excess of cumulative marketing and reservations system fee revenues earned. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company collected $5.6 million of marketing and reservation revenues in excess of expenses incurred as compared to the Company expending $4.2 million in excess of revenues earned in the same period of 2013. The fees collected in excess of expenses incurred were utilized to reimburse the Company for a portion of the outstanding cumulative advances for marketing and reservation activities. This resulted in expense recognition of an equivalent amount of previously unrecognized costs. The increase in the excess fees collected in the first quarter of 2014 over 2013 primarily reflects increased revenues related to the growth of the number of units and RevPAR in the franchise system as well as the timing of advertising programs compared to the prior year.

The decline in cumulative advances reflects the Company's strategy to recover prior year advances for marketing and reservation activities in future periods. These costs incurred in excess of fees collected have been deferred and recorded as an asset in the financial statements as the Company has the contractual authority to recover the deficits incurred related to marketing and reservation activities from the franchisees in the system at any given point in time. The Company's current franchisees are legally obligated to pay any assessment the Company imposes on its franchisees to obtain reimbursement of such deficit regardless of whether those constituents continue to generate gross room revenue and whether or not they joined the system following the deficit's occurrence. The Company expects to recover the deferred costs over a period of time by expending fewer amounts on marketing and reservation activities than marketing and reservation system fees collected, depending on the marketing and reservation needs of the system. Conversely, cumulative marketing and reservation system fees not expended are recorded as a liability in the financial statements and are carried over to the next fiscal year and expended in accordance with the franchise agreements.

Interest Expense: Interest expense decreased $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 to $10.2 million due to lower outstanding borrowings on the Company's revolving credit facility and term loan as well as a lower effective borrowing rate costs.

Other (Gains) and Losses: Other gains and losses declined from a gain of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 to a $0.1 million gain in the same period of the current year primarily due to the fluctuations in the fair value of investments held in the Company's non-qualified employee benefit plans.

Income taxes: The Company’s effective income tax rates for continuing operations were 31.9% and 28.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 were lower than the U.S federal income tax rate of 35% due to the recurring impact of foreign operations, partially offset by state income taxes. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2013 was further reduced by the settlement of unrecognized tax positions and by legislation retroactively extending the U.S. controlled foreign corporation look-through rules.

Discontinued Operations: In the first quarter of 2014, the Company's management approved a plan to dispose of the three Company owned Mainstay Suites hotels. As a result, the Company has reported the operations related to these three hotels as discontinued operations beginning in the first quarter of 2014. Net income from discontinued operations was $1.6 million in the first quarter of 2014 compared to a loss of $33 thousand in the first quarter of 2013. The increase in net income was primarily due to a $2.6 million gain on the sale of two of these hotels during the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Net Income and Diluted EPS: Diluted EPS increased 15% to $0.39 for the three months ended March 31, 2014 from $0.34 for the same period of the prior year. During the first quarter of 2014 continuing and discontinued operations contributed $0.36 and $0.03, respectively, to diluted EPS. During the first quarter 2013, continuing operations and discontinued operations contributed $0.34 and $0.00, respectively, to diluted EPS. The increase in diluted EPS in 2014 over 2013 primarily reflects the items discussed above.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Operating Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $5.3 million compared to $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013, an increase of $4.7 million. The increase in cash flows from operating activities primarily reflects an increase in operating income, a $9.9 million improvement in cash flows from marketing and reservation activities, a decline in management incentive plan compensation payments related to prior year accruals partially offset by a $1.9 million increase in net disbursements to franchisees for property improvements and other purposes utilizing forgivable notes receivable and the timing of trade receivable collections.

In conjunction with brand and development programs, the Company provides financing to franchisees for property improvements and other purposes in the form of forgivable notes receivable. If the franchisee remains in the system in good standing over the term of the promissory note, the Company forgives the outstanding principal balance and related interest. Since these forgivable notes are predominantly forgiven ratably over the term of the promissory note rather than repaid, the Company classifies the related issuance and collections of these notes as operating activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company's net advances for these purposes totaled $3.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The timing and amount of these cash flows is dependent on various factors including the implementation of various development and brand incentive programs, the level of franchise sales as well as the timing of hotel openings. At March 31, 2014, the Company had commitments to extend an additional $11.0 million for these purposes provided certain conditions are met by its franchisees, of which $5.7 million is expected to be advanced in the next twelve months. In addition, the Company has announced a property improvement incentive program for its domestic Comfort Inn and Comfort Suites hotels to incent hotel owners to renovate their properties to accelerate improvement of the brand's product quality and consistency, guest satisfaction and brand performance. The Company has committed to provide financing in the form of forgivable promissory notes to qualifying domestic hotels for a portion of their Company approved and completed property improvement expenses. Financing will be provided upon the completion and Company certification of the renovations. At March 31, 2014, the Company had commitments to extended $31.1 million for this purpose provided certain conditions are met by its franchisees. These commitments are expected to be funded in the next twelve months.

Net cash provided by marketing and reservation activities totaled $10.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to $1.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2013. The increase in cash provided by marketing and reservation activities primarily reflects improved system fees resulting from system growth and RevPAR increases, improved financial performance of the Company's loyalty programs and the timing of certain advertising and brand programs. Based on the current economic conditions, the Company expects marketing and reservation activities to provide cash flows from operations ranging between $18 million and $22 million in 2014.

Investing Activities

Cash provided by (utilized for) investing activities totaled $1.0 million and $(12.5) million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014 compared to a use of cash in the prior year primarily reflects a decline in capital expenditures and $8.7 million related to the proceeds of selling two of the three Company owned MainStay Suites hotels.

Additional information regarding these items is as follows:

During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company sold investments totaling $0.3 million and $3.9 million, respectively, and utilized the proceeds to distribute participant deferred compensation balances from the Company' s non-qualified retirement plans. The decline in proceeds from the sale of investments primarily reflects the timing of employee terminations and their deferred compensation distribution elections.

During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, capital expenditures totaled $3.0 million and $14.1 million, respectively. The decline in capital expenditures from 2013 primarily reflect tenant improvements related to the relocation of the Company's corporate headquarters incurred during the prior year.

The Company occasionally provides financing to franchisees for hotel development efforts and other purposes in the form of mezzanine and other notes receivable. These loans bear interest and are expected to be repaid in accordance with the terms of the loan agreements. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company advanced $0.6 million for these purposes. In the three months ended March 31, 2013, the Company did not advance any monies related to these activities.

During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company invested $3.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively, in joint ventures accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company's investment in these joint ventures

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primarily relate to ventures that either support the Company's efforts to increase business delivery to its franchisees or promote growth of our emerging brands.

Our board of directors authorized a program which permits us to offer financing, investment and guaranty support to qualified franchisees as well as to acquire and resell real estate to incent franchise development for certain brands in strategic markets. Over the next several years, we expect to continue to deploy capital opportunistically pursuant to this program to promote growth of our emerging brands. Our current expectation is that our annual investment in this program will range from $20 million to $40 million per year and we generally expect to recycle these investments within a five year period. However, the amount and timing of the investment in this program will be dependent on market and other conditions.

Financing Activities

Financing cash flows relate primarily to the Company's borrowings, acquisition of shares in connection with the exercise or vesting of equity awards, and dividends.

Debt

Senior Unsecured Notes due 2022

On June 27, 2012, the Company issued unsecured senior notes with a principal amount of $400 million (the "2012 Senior Notes") at par, bearing a coupon of 5.75% with an effective rate of 5.94%. The 2012 Senior Notes will mature on July 1, 2022, with interest to be paid semi-annually on January 1^st and July 1^st. The Company utilized the net proceeds of this offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, together with borrowings under the Company's senior credit facility, to pay a special cash dividend in 2012 totaling approximately $600.7 million. The Company's 2012 Senior Notes are guaranteed jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, subject to certain customary limitations by certain of the Company's domestic subsidiaries.

The Company may redeem the 2012 Senior Notes at its option at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled principal and interest payments from the redemption date to the date of maturity discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis at the Treasury rate, plus 50 basis points.

Senior Unsecured Notes due 2020

On August 25, 2010, the Company issued unsecured senior notes with a principal amount of $250 million (the "2010 Senior Notes") at a discount of $0.6 million, bearing a coupon of 5.70% with an effective rate of 6.19%. The 2010 Senior Notes will mature on August 28, 2020, with interest on the 2010 Senior Notes to be paid semi-annually on February 28^th and August 28^th. The Company used the net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses, to repay outstanding borrowings and other general corporate purposes. The Company's 2010 Senior Notes are guaranteed jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, subject to certain customary limitations, by certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries.

The Company may redeem the 2010 Senior Notes at its option at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled principal and interest payments from the redemption date to the date of maturity discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis at the Treasury rate, plus 45 basis points.

Senior Secured Credit Facility

On July 25, 2012, the Company entered into a $350 million senior secured credit facility, comprised of a $200 million revolving credit tranche (the "Revolver") and a $150 million term loan tranche (the "Term Loan") with Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and a syndication of lenders (the "Credit Facility"). The Credit Facility has a final maturity date of July 25, 2016, subject to an optional one-year extension, provided certain conditions are met. Up to $25 million of the borrowings under the Revolver may be used for letters of credit, up to $10 million of borrowings under the Revolver may be used for swing-line loans and up to $35 million of borrowings under the Revolver may be used for alternative currency loans. The Term Loan requires quarterly amortization payments (a) during the first two years, in equal installments aggregating 5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan per year, (b) during the second two years, in equal installments aggregating 7.5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan per year, and (c) during the one-year extension period (if exercised), equal installments aggregating 10% of the original principal amount of the Term Loan.

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The Credit Facility is secured by first priority pledges of (i) 100% of the ownership interests in certain domestic subsidiaries owned by the Company and the guarantors, (ii) 65% of the ownership interests in (a) the top-tier foreign holding company of the Company's foreign subsidiaries, and (b) the domestic subsidiary that owns the top-tier foreign holding company of the Company's foreign subsidiaries and (iii) all presently existing and future domestic franchise agreements (the "Franchise Agreements") between the Company and individual franchisees, but only to the extent that the Franchise Agreements may be pledged without violating any law of the relevant jurisdiction or conflicting with any existing contractual obligation of the Company or the applicable franchisee. At the time that the maximum total leverage ratio is required to be no greater than 4.00 to 1.00 (beginning of year 4 of the Credit Facility), the security interest in the Franchise Agreements will be released.

The Credit Facility requires the Company to pay a fee on the undrawn portion of the Revolver, calculated based on the average daily unused amount of the Revolver multiplied by 0.30% per annum.

Additionally, the Credit Facility requires that the Company and its restricted subsidiaries comply with various covenants, including with respect to restrictions on liens, incurring indebtedness, making investments, paying dividends or repurchasing stock, and effecting mergers and/or asset sales. With respect to dividends, the Company may not make any payments if there is an existing event of default or if the payment would create an event of default. In addition, if the Company's total leverage ratio exceeds 4.5 to 1.0, the Company is generally restricted from paying aggregate dividends in excess of $50 million during any calendar year.

The Credit Facility also imposes financial maintenance covenants requiring the Company to maintain:


•	a total leverage ratio of not more than 5.75 to 1.00 in year 1, 5.00 to 1.00 in year 2, 4.50 to 1.00 in year 3 and 4.00 to 1.00 thereafter,


•	a maximum secured leverage ratio of not more than 2.50 to 1.00 in year 1, 2.25 to 1.00 in year 2, 2.00 to 1.00 in year 3 and 1.75 to 1.00 thereafter, and


•	a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 2.00 to 1.00 in years 1 and 2, 2.25 to 1.00 in year 3 and 2.50 to 1.00 thereafter.

At March 31, 2014, the Company maintained a total leverage ratio of approximately 3.31x, a maximum secured leverage ratio of 0.62x and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of approximately 5.78x. At March 31, 2014, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.

Economic Development Loans

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March 31, 2014, the Company had been advanced approximately $3.4 million pursuant to these agreements and expects to receive the remaining $1 million over the next several years, subject to annual appropriations by the governmental entities. These advances bear interest at a rate of 3% per annum.

Repayment of the advances is contingent upon the Company achieving certain performance conditions. Performance conditions are measured annually on December 31^stand primarily relate to maintaining certain levels of employment within the various jurisdictions. If the Company fails to meet an annual performance condition, the Company may be required to repay a portion or all of the advances including accrued interest by April 30^th following the measurement date. Any outstanding advances at the expiration of the Company's 10 year corporate headquarters lease in 2023 will be forgiven in full. The advances will be included in long-term debt in Company's consolidated balance sheets until the Company determines that the future performance conditions will be met over the entire term of the agreement and the Company will not be required to repay the advances. The Company accrues interest on the portion of the advances that it expects to repay. The Company was in compliance with all current performance conditions as of March 31, 2014.

Dividends

The Company currently maintains the payment of a quarterly dividend on its common stock outstanding of $0.185 per share, however, the declaration of future dividends are subject to the discretion of our board of directors. The Company's quarterly dividend rate declared during the three months ended March 31, 2014 remained unchanged from the previous quarterly declarations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company paid cash dividends totaling $10.8 million. We expect to continue to pay dividends in the future, subject to the declaration of our board of directors as well as to future business performance, economic conditions, changes in income tax regulations and other factors. Based on the present dividend rate and outstanding share count, we expect that aggregate annual regular dividends for 2014 would be approximately $43.6 million.

Share Repurchases

No shares were repurchased under the share repurchase program during the three months ended March 31, 2014. Since the program's inception through March 31, 2014, we have repurchased 45.3 million shares (including 33.0 million prior to the two-for-one stock split effected in October 2005) of common stock at a total cost of $1.1 billion. Considering the effect of the two-for-one stock split, the Company has repurchased 78.3 million shares at an average price of $13.89 per share. As of March 31, 2014, the Company had approximately 1.4 million shares remaining under the current share repurchase authorization.

Other items

Approximately $164.2 million of the Company's cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2014 pertains to undistributed earnings of the Company's consolidated foreign subsidiaries. Since the Company's intent is for such earnings to be reinvested by the foreign subsidiaries, the Company has not provided additional U.S. income taxes on these amounts. While the Company has no intention to utilize these cash and cash equivalents in its domestic operations, any change to this policy would result in the Company incurring additional U.S. income taxes on any amounts utilized domestically.

The Company believes that cash flows from operations and available financing capacity are adequate to meet the expected future operating, investing and financing needs of the business.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

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which indemnifies the lending institution from and against any damages relating to or arising out of possible environmental contamination issues with regards to the property.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our accounting policies comply with principles generally accepted in the United States. We have described below those policies that we believe are critical or require the use of complex judgment or significant estimates in their application. Additional discussion of these policies is included in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Revenue Recognition.

We recognize continuing franchise fees, including royalty, marketing and reservations system fees, when earned and realizable from our franchisees. See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding recent corrections to our accounting for these fees. Franchise fees are typically based on a percentage of gross room revenues or the number of hotel rooms of each franchisee. Franchise fees based on a percentage of gross room revenues are recognized in the same period that the underlying gross room revenues are earned by our franchisees. Our estimate of the allowance for uncollectible royalty fees is charged to SG&A expense and our estimate of the allowance for uncollectible marketing and reservation system fees is charged to marketing and reservation expenses.

Initial franchise and relicensing fees are recognized, in most instances, in the period the related franchise agreement is executed because the initial franchise and relicensing fees are non-refundable and the Company is not required to provide initial services to the franchisee prior to hotel opening. We defer the initial franchise and relicensing fee revenue related to franchise agreements which include incentives until the incentive criteria are met or the agreement is terminated, whichever occurs first.

The Company may also enter into master development agreements ("MDAs") with developers that grant limited exclusive development rights and preferential franchise agreement terms for one-time, non-refundable fees. When these fees are not contingent upon the number of agreements executed under the MDA, the Company recognizes the up-front fees pro-rata over the MDA’s contractual life. Fees that are contingent upon the execution of franchise agreements under the MDA are recognized upon execution of the franchise agreement.

The Company recognizes procurement services revenues from qualified vendors when the services are performed or the product delivered, evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed and determinable and collectability is probable. We defer the recognition of procurement services revenues related to certain upfront fees and recognize them over a period corresponding to the Company’s estimate of the life of the arrangement.

Marketing and Reservation Revenues and Expenses.

The Company's franchise agreements require the payment of certain marketing and reservation system fees, which are used exclusively by the Company for expenses associated with providing franchise services such as national marketing, media advertising, central reservation systems and technology services. The Company is contractually obligated to expend the marketing and reservation system fees it collects from franchisees in accordance with the franchise agreements; as such, no net income or loss to the Company is generated. In accordance with our contracts, we include in marketing and reservation expenses an allocation of costs for certain activities, such as human resources, facilities, legal and accounting, required to carry out marketing and reservation activities.

The Company records marketing and reservation system revenues and expenses on a gross basis since the Company is the primary obligor in the arrangement, maintains the credit risk, establishes the price and nature of the marketing or reservation services and retains discretion in supplier selection. In addition, net advances to and recoveries from the franchise system for marketing and reservation activities are presented as cash flows from operating activities.

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Marketing and reservation system fees not expended in the current year are recorded as a liability in the Company's balance sheet and are carried over to the next fiscal year and expended in accordance with the franchise agreements. Shortfall amounts are recorded as an asset in the Company's balance sheet, with a corresponding reduction in costs, and are similarly recovered in subsequent years. Under the terms of the franchise agreements, the Company may advance capital and incur costs as necessary for marketing and reservation activities and recover such advances through future fees. Our current assessment is that the credit risk associated with the cumulative cost advances for marketing and reservation system activities is mitigated due to our contractual right to recover these amounts from a large geographically dispersed group of franchisees. However, our ability to recover these advances may be adversely impacted by certain factors, including, among others, declines in the ability of our franchisees to generate revenues at properties they franchise from us, lower than expected franchise system growth. An extended period of occupancy or room rate declines or a decline in the number of hotel rooms in our franchise system could result in the generation of insufficient funds to recover marketing and reservation advances as well as meet the ongoing marketing and reservation needs of the overall system.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of marketing and reservation costs incurred in excess of cumulative marketing and reservation system revenues earned on a periodic basis. The Company will record a reserve when, based on current information and events, it is probable that it will be unable to recover the cumulative amounts advanced for marketing and reservation activities according to the contractual terms of the franchise agreements. These advances are considered to be unrecoverable if the expected net, undiscounted cash flows from marketing and reservation activities are less than the carrying amount of the asset.

Choice Privileges is our frequent guest incentive marketing program. Choice Privileges enables members to earn points based on their spending levels with our franchisees and, to a lesser degree, through participation in affiliated partners' programs, such as those offered by credit card companies. The points, which we accumulate and track on the members' behalf, may be redeemed for free accommodations or other benefits.

We provide Choice Privileges as a marketing program to franchised hotels and collect a percentage of program members' room revenue from franchises to operate the program. Revenues are deferred in an amount equal to the estimated fair value of the future redemption obligation. The Company develops an estimate of the eventual redemption rates and point values using various actuarial methods. These judgmental factors determine the required liability attributable to outstanding points. Upon redemption of points, the Company recognizes the previously deferred revenue as well as the corresponding expense relating to the cost of the awards redeemed. Revenues in excess of the estimated future redemption obligation are recognized when earned to reimburse the Company for costs incurred to operate the program, including administrative costs, marketing, promotion and performing member services.

Valuation of Intangibles and Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the potential impairment of property and equipment and other long-lived assets, including franchise rights and other definite-lived intangibles, on an annual basis or whenever an event or other circumstances indicates that we may not be able to recover the carrying value of the asset. Recoverability is measured based on net, undiscounted expected cash flows. Assets are considered to be impaired if the net, undiscounted expected cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets. Impairment charges are recorded based upon the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the asset. Significant management judgment is involved in developing these projections, and they include inherent uncertainties. If different projections are used in the current period, the balances for non-current assets could be materially impacted. Furthermore, if management uses different projections or if different conditions occur in future periods, future-operating results could be materially impacted.

The Company evaluates the impairment of goodwill and trademarks with indefinite lives on an annual basis, or during the year if an event or other circumstance indicates that we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of the asset. In evaluating these assets for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then no further testing is required. If the conclusion is that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then a two-step impairment test is performed. The fair value of the Company's net assets is used to determine if goodwill may be impaired. Indefinite life trademarks are considered to be impaired if the net, undiscounted expected cash flows associated with the trademark are less than their carrying amount.

Loan Loss Reserves

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security it has in the various notes receivable as its primary credit quality indicator (i.e. senior, subordinated or unsecured) when determining the appropriate allowances for uncollectible loans within these categories.

Mezzanine and Other Notes Receivables

The Company has provided financing to franchisees in support of the development of properties in strategic markets. The Company expects the owners to repay the loans in accordance with the loan agreements, or earlier as the hotels mature and capital markets permit. The Company estimates the collectability and records an allowance for loss on its mezzanine and other notes receivable when recording the receivables in the Company’s financial statements. These estimates are updated quarterly based on available information.

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All amounts due according to the contractual terms means that both the contractual interest payments and the contractual principal payments of a loan will be collected as scheduled in the loan agreement. The Company measures loan impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate or the estimated fair value of the collateral. For impaired loans, the Company establishes a specific impairment reserve for the difference between the recorded investment in the loan and the present value of the expected future cash flows or the estimated fair value of the collateral. The Company applies its loan impairment policy individually to all mezzanine and other notes receivable in the portfolio and does not aggregate loans for the purpose of applying such policy. For impaired loans, the Company recognizes interest income on a cash basis. If it is likely that a loan will not be collected based on financial or other business indicators it is the Company’s policy to charge off these loans to SG&A expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income in the quarter when it is deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of impaired loans are recorded as a reduction of SG&A expenses in the quarter received.

The Company assesses the collectability of its senior notes receivable by comparing the market value of the underlying assets to the carrying value of the outstanding notes. In addition, the Company evaluates the property’s operating performance, the borrower’s compliance with the terms of the loan and franchise agreements, and all related personal guarantees that have been provided by the borrower. For subordinated or unsecured receivables, the Company assesses the property’s operating performance, the subordinated equity available to the Company, the borrower’s compliance with the terms of the loan and franchise agreements, and the related personal guarantees that have been provided by the borrower.

The Company considers loans to be past due and in default when payments are not made when due. Although the Company considers loans to be in default if payments are not received on the due date, the Company does not suspend the accrual of interest until those payments are more than 30 days past due. The Company applies payments received for loans on non-accrual status first to interest and then principal. The Company does not resume interest accrual until all delinquent payments are received.

Forgivable Notes Receivable

In conjunction with brand and development programs, the Company may provide financing to franchisees for property improvements and other purposes in the form of forgivable promissory notes which bear interest at market rates. Under these promissory notes, the franchisee promises to repay the principal balance together with interest upon maturity unless certain conditions are met throughout the term of the promissory note. The principal balance and related interest are forgiven ratably over the term of the promissory note if the franchisee remains in the system in good standing. If during the term of the promissory note, the franchisee exits our franchise system or is not operating their franchise in accordance with our quality or credit standards, the Company may declare a default under the promissory note and commence collection efforts with respect to the full amount of the then-current outstanding principal and interest.

In accordance with the terms of the promissory notes, the initial principal balance and related interest are ratably reduced over the term of the loan on each anniversary date until the outstanding amounts are reduced to zero as long as the franchisee remains within the franchise system and operates in accordance with our quality and brand standards. As a result, the amounts recorded as an asset on the Company's consolidated balance sheet are also ratably reduced since the amounts forgiven no longer represent probable future economic benefits to the Company. The Company records the reduction of its recorded assets through amortization and marketing and reservation expense on its consolidated statements of income. Since these forgivable promissory notes receivable are predominately forgiven ratably over the term of the promissory note rather than repaid, the Company classifies the issuance and collection of these notes receivable as operating activities in its consolidated statement of cash flows.

The Company fully reserves all defaulted notes in addition to recording a reserve on the estimated uncollectible portion of the remaining notes. For those notes not in default, the Company calculates an allowance for losses and determines the ultimate

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collectibility on these forgivable notes based on the historical default rates for those unsecured notes that are not forgiven but are required to be repaid. The Company records bad debt expense in SG&A and marketing and reservation system expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income in the quarter when the note is deemed uncollectible.

Stock Compensation.

The Company’s policy is to recognize compensation cost related to share-based payment transactions in the financial statements based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. Compensation expense related to the fair value of share-based awards is recognized over the requisite service period based on an estimate of those awards that will ultimately vest. The Company estimates the share-based compensation expense for awards that will ultimately vest upon inception of the grant and adjusts the estimate of share-based compensation for those awards with performance and/or service requirements that will not be satisfied so that compensation cost is recognized only for awards that ultimately vest.

Income Taxes.

Income taxes are recorded using the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not such assets will be unrealized. Deferred U.S. income taxes have not been recorded for temporary differences related to investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and corporate affiliates. The temporary differences consist primarily of undistributed earnings that are considered permanently reinvested in operations outside the U.S. If management’s intentions change in the future, deferred taxes may need to be provided.

With respect to uncertain income tax positions, a tax liability is now recorded in full when management determines that the position does not meet the more likely than not threshold of being sustained on examination. A tax liability may also be recognized for a position that meets the more likely than not threshold, based upon management’s assessment of the position’s probable settlement value. The Company records interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes.

Pension, Profit Sharing and Incentive Plans

In 2002, the Company adopted the Choice Hotels International, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan ("EDCP") which became effective January 1, 2003. Under the EDCP, certain executive officers may defer a portion of their salary into an irrevocable trust. Prior to January 1, 2010, participants could elect an investment return of either the annual yield of the Moody's Average Corporate Bond Rate Yield Index plus 300 basis points, or a return based on a selection of available diversified investment options. Effective January 1, 2010, the Moody's Average Corporate Bond Rate Yield Index plus 300 basis points is no longer an investment option for salary deferrals made on compensation earned after December 31, 2009. The Company recorded current and long-term deferred compensation liabilities of $9.3 million and $11.3 million, as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, related to these deferrals and credited investment returns. Compensation expense is recorded in SG&A expense on the Company's consolidated statements of income based on the change in the deferred compensation obligation related to earnings credited to participants as well as changes in the fair value of diversified investments. Compensation expense recorded in SG&A for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

The Company has invested the employee salary deferrals in diversified long-term investments which are intended to provide investment returns that partially offset the earnings credited to the participants. The diversified investments held in the trusts totaled $4.5 million and $4.1 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and are recorded at their fair value, based on quoted market prices. At March 31, 2014, the Company expects $0.2 million of the assets held in the trusts to be distributed to participants during the next twelve months. These investments are considered trading securities and therefore the changes in the fair value of the diversified assets is included in other gains and losses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded investment gains during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 of approximately $30 thousand and $0.1 million, respectively. In addition, the EDCP Plan held shares of the Company's common stock with a market value of $0.2 million at both March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, which were recorded as a component of shareholders' deficit.

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The diversified investments held in the trusts were $12.5 million and $12.3 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, and are recorded at their fair value, based on quoted market prices. These investments are considered trading securities and therefore the changes in the fair value of the diversified assets is included in other gains and losses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded investment gains related to the Non-Qualified Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 of approximately $37 thousand and $0.6 million, respectively. In addition, the Non-Qualified Plan held shares of the Company's common stock with a market value of $1.1 million and $1.4 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which are recorded as a component of shareholders' deficit.

New Accounting Standards

See Footnote No. 1 of the Notes to our Financial Statements for information related to our adoption of new accounting standards in 2014 and for information on our anticipated adoption of recently issued accounting standards.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain matters discussed in this quarterly report constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Generally, our use of words such as "expect," "estimate," "believe," "anticipate,", "should", "will," "forecast," "plan”," project," "assume" or similar words of futurity identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on management's current beliefs, assumptions and expectations regarding future events, which in turn are based on information currently available to management. Such statements may relate to projections of the Company's revenue, earnings and other financial and operational measures, Company debt levels, ability to repay outstanding indebtedness, payment of dividends, and future operations, among other matters. We caution you not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors.

Several factors could cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to differ materially from those expressed in or contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Such risks include, but are not limited to, changes to general, domestic and foreign economic conditions; operating risks common in the lodging and franchising industries; changes to the desirability of our brands as viewed by hotel operators and customers; changes to the terms or termination of our contracts with franchisees; our ability to keep pace with improvements in technology utilized for marketing and reservations systems and other operating systems; fluctuations in the supply and demand for hotels rooms; the level of acceptance of alternative growth strategies we may implement; cyber security and data breach risks; operating risks associated with international operations; the outcome of litigation; and our ability to effectively manage our indebtedness. These and other risk factors are discussed in detail in the Risk Factors section of the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2014. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.


ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates and the impact of fluctuations in foreign currencies on the Company's foreign investments and operations. The Company manages its exposure to these market risks through the monitoring of its available financing alternatives including in certain circumstances the use of derivative financial instruments. We are also subject to risk from changes in debt and equity prices from our non-qualified retirement savings plan investments in debt securities and common stock, which have a carrying value of $17.0 million and $16.4 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively which we account for as trading securities. The Company will continue to monitor the exposure in these areas and make the appropriate adjustments as market conditions dictate.

At March 31, 2014, the Company had $151.9 million of variable interest rate debt instruments outstanding at an effective rate of 2.2%. A hypothetical change of 10% in the Company’s effective interest rate from March 31, 2014 levels would increase or

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decrease annual interest expense by $0.3 million. The Company expects to refinance its fixed and variable long-term debt obligations prior to their scheduled maturities.

The Company does not presently have any derivative financial instruments.


ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with participation of our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the "Exchange Act"), as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report as required by Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. At the time that our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2014 was filed on May 8, 2014, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2014. Subsequent to that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2014 due to the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting related to the Revenue Recognition Methodology for Royalty and Certain Marketing and Reservation Fees Revenues discussed below.

Notwithstanding the material weakness as described below, management concluded that the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.

Material Weakness Related to Revenue Recognition Methodology for Royalty and Certain Marketing and Reservation System Fee Revenues.

In connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the second quarter of 2014, the Company reviewed its accounting policies and practices, including the historical practice of reporting royalty and certain marketing and reservation fees one month in arrears as compared to when the gross room revenues (on which the fees are based) are earned by the Company's franchisees. The Company previously determined that the impact of the revenue recognition timing related to these revenues on its annual financial statements was not material and therefore reported these revenues one month in arrears despite the fact that these fees meet the definition of being earned and realizable in the same period that the underlying gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees. However, the Company reassessed the impact of reporting these revenues one month in arrears on interim periods and determined that this revenue recognition practice, which was not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP"), was material to interim periods. Due to the seasonality of the Company's business, the impact of this change on previously reported interim revenues, operating income and earnings per share as reported in the Company's consolidated statements of income varies for individual past quarters and is generally positive in the first two quarters of the year and negative in the final two quarters of the year. As a result, the Company has corrected its revenue recognition method to recognize royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees as revenue in the same period as the gross room revenues are earned by its franchisees.

The Company has assessed the impact of the recognition of revenues for certain royalty and marketing and reservation system fees one month in arrears and concluded that the impact was not material to any of the Company’s previously issued annual financial statements. However, while the recordation of revenue one month in arrears did not result in a material misstatement of our previously issued annual consolidated financial statements, it did result in material misstatements of previously reported interim results. Management has concluded there was a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting related to the revenue recognition methodology for royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees as discussed below.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company's annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

The Company did not design and maintain effective controls over the accuracy and completeness of royalty fees, certain marketing and reservation fees and expenses, and resulting receivables and advances, marketing and reservation activities. Specifically, the Company did not design a control to monitor and evaluate the materiality of the difference between

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recognizing these revenues and related expenses one month in arrears rather than on an accrual basis as required by GAAP. This control deficiency resulted in the revision of the Company's financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 and the restatement of interim financial statements for the periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, September 30, 2013 and 2012 and June 30, 2013. Additionally, this control deficiency could result in further misstatements of the aforementioned accounts and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, the Company has determined that this control deficiency constitutes a material weakness.

For additional information, see Note 1 of the notes to financial statements.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Remediation of Material Weakness

In response to this material weakness, the Company has developed and is executing a plan with the oversight of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors to remediate this material weakness. Our plan to remediate this material weakness during the year ending December 31, 2014 includes updating the revenue recognition practice to ensure the accounting for royalty and certain marketing and reservation system fees is in compliance with GAAP. The restatement and revision of our financial statements will be reflected on the following reports:


•	Amended 2014 first quarter report on Form 10-Q, including restated financial statements;


•	Amended 2013 third quarter report on Form 10-Q, including restated financial statements;


•	Amended 2013 annual report on Form 10-K including revised financial statements for years ended 2011, 2012 and 2013;


•	2014 second quarter reports on Form 10-Q, including restated second quarter 2013 financial statements.

Management will continue to monitor the effectiveness of this and other processes, procedures and controls and will make any further changes deemed appropriate.The material weakness noted above cannot be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. The required testing for remediation will occur prior the Company completing its assessment of internal controls for the year ending December 31, 2014.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS


ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.


ITEM 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table sets forth purchases and redemptions of Choice Hotels International, Inc. common stock made by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2014:



Month Ending	Total Number of Shares Purchased or Redeemed	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs^(1),(2)	Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs, End of Period
January 31, 2014	—	$	—	—	1,418,991
February 28, 2014	85,280	47.85		—	1,418,991
March 31, 2014	9,163	49.10		—	1,418,991
Total	94,443	$	47.97	—	1,418,991

_______________________


(1)	The Company’s share repurchase program was initially approved by the board of directors on June 25, 1998. The program has no fixed dollar amount or expiration date.


(2)	During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company redeemed 94,443 shares of common stock from employees to satisfy the option price and minimum tax-withholding requirements related to the exercising of options and vesting of restricted stock and performance vested restricted stock unit grants. These redemptions were not part of the board repurchase authorization.

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ITEM 3.	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.


ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.


ITEM 5.	OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number and Description



Exhibit Number		Description

3.01(a)		Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Choice Hotels Franchising, Inc. (renamed Choice Hotels International, Inc.)

3.02(b)		Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Choice Hotels International, Inc.

3.03(c)		Amended and Restated Bylaws of Choice Hotels International, Inc.

10.01(d)		Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated March 4, 2014, between Stephen P. Joyce and Choice Hotels International, Inc.

10.02*		Certificate of Rent Commencement and First Amendment to Office Lease between Choice Hotels International Services Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Choice Hotels International, Inc. and F.P. Rockville II Limited Partnership dated February 25, 2014.

10.03*		Second Amendment to Office Lease between Choice Hotels International Services Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Choice Hotels International, Inc. and F.P. Rockville II Limited Partnership dated March 20, 2014.

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a)

32*		Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

101.INS*		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*		XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*		XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*		XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document

_______________________



*	Filed herewith


(a)	Incorporated by reference to the identical document filed as an exhibit to Choice Hotels International, Inc.'s Registration Statement on Form S-4, filed August 31, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-62543).


(b)	Incorporated by reference to the identical document filed as an exhibit to Choice Hotels International, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 1, 2013.


(c)	Incorporated by reference to the identical document filed as an exhibit to Choice Hotels International, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 16, 2010.


(d)	Incorporated by reference to the identical document filed as an exhibit to Choice Hotels International, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 7, 2014.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	CHOICE HOTELS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

November 3, 2014	By:	/S/ DAVID L. WHITE
		David L. White
		Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer