Amendment No.1 to Form 20-F

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2010

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form 20-F/A

(Amendment No. 1)

 

 

(Mark One)

¨ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

 

þ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

OR

 

¨ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 001-13372

 

 

KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

N/A   The Republic of Korea
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)   (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

 

411 YOUNGDONG-DAERO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-791, KOREA

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

Seung Bum Kim, +822 3456 4264, sbkim96@kepco.co.kr, +822 556 3694

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class:

 

Name of each exchange on which registered:

Common stock, par value Won 5,000 per share*   New York Stock Exchange
American depositary shares, each representing
one-half of share of common stock
  New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

7  3/4% Debentures due April 1, 2013

Twenty Year 7.40% Amortizing Debentures, due April 1, 2016

One Hundred Year 7.95% Zero-to-Full Debentures, due April 1, 2096

6% Debentures due December 1, 2026

7% Debentures due February 1, 2027

6  3/4% Debentures due August 1, 2027

 

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the last full fiscal year covered by the annual report:

641,567,712 shares of common stock, par value of Won 5,000 per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  þ    No  ¨

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.    Yes  ¨    No  þ

Note—Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:    Yes  þ    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files):    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  þ                     Accelerated filer ¨                     Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ¨                     International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board  ¨             Other  þ

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17  ¨    Item 18  þ

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ¨  No  þ

(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  ¨    No  ¨

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

PART III

ITEM 17.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ITEM 18.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ITEM 19.    EXHIBITS

SIGNATURES

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM DELOITTE ANJIN LLC, A MEMBER FIRM OF DELOITTE TOUCHE TOHMATSU ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM DELOITTE ANJIN LLC, A MEMBER FIRM OF DELOITTE TOUCHE TOHMATSU ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING (KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG SAMJONG ACCOUNTING CORP. (KOREA SOUTH-EAST POWER CO., LTD.)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG SAMJONG ACCOUNTING CORP. (KOREA SOUTHERN POWER CO., LTD.)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG SAMJONG ACCOUNTING CORP. ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING (KOREA SOUTHERN POWER CO., LTD.)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG SAMJONG ACCOUNTING CORP. (KOREA MIDLAND POWER CO., LTD.)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM KPMG SAMJONG ACCOUNTING CORP. ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING (KOREA MIDLAND POWER CO., LTD.)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM SAMIL PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS, A MEMBER FIRM OF PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS (KOREA WESTERN POWER CO., LTD.)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITIONS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2009

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INDEX OF EXHIBITS

EX- 12.1 CERTIFICATIONS

EX- 12.2 CERTIFICATIONS

EX- 13.1 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION

EX- 13.2 CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION


EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Amendment No. 1 to the registrant’s annual report on Form 20-F, which was originally filed on June 29, 2010 (the “Original Annual Report”), is being filed solely for the purpose of correcting a typographical error in each of the following reports of independent registered public accounting firm attached to the registrant’s financial statements included in the Original Annual Report:

 

   

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.) on page F-5 of the Original Annual Report;

 

   

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.) on page F-6 of the Original Annual Report; and

 

   

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.) on page F-8 of the Original Annual Report,

to the effect that all references to “the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)” in such reports shall be replaced with “the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)”.

This Amendment No. 1 does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original Report and does not modify, update or restate the disclosure therein in any way other than to reflect the amendments described above. No other changes have been made in the Original Annual Report. The filing of this Amendment No. 1 should not be understood to mean that any statements contained herein are true or complete as of any date subsequent to the date of the filing of the Original Annual Report.

PART III

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this item.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reference is made to Item 19 “Exhibits” for a list of all financial statements and schedules filed as part of this report.

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

(a) Financial Statements filed as part of this Annual Report

See Index to Financial Statements on page F-1 of this report.

(b) Exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report

See Index of Exhibits beginning on page E-1 of the Original Annual Report.


SIGNATURES

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.

 

KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

By:

 

/s/    Kim, Ssang-Su

Name:   Kim, Ssang-Su
Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 19, 2010


INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page

Index to Financial Statements

   F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Deloitte Anjin LLC, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu on Consolidated Financial Statements (Korea Electric Power Corporation)

   F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Deloitte Anjin LLC, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (Korea Electric Power Corporation)

   F-3

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-5

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-6

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-7

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. (Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-8

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting (Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-9

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers, a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers (Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.)

   F-10

Consolidated statements of financial positions as of December 31, 2008 and 2009

   F-11

Consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009

   F-13

Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the years ended December  31, 2007, 2008 and 2009

   F-14

Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009

   F-16

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

   F-18

 

F-1


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC

ACCOUNTING FIRM ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

Korea Electric Power Corporation:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for, each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, all expressed in Korean Won. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of certain consolidated subsidiaries whose financial statements reflect 10.5 and 9.9 percent of consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, and 40.7, 26.0 and 24.4 percent of consolidated total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose reports have been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for those companies, is based solely on the reports of the other auditors.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the reports of the other auditor provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, based on our audits and the reports of the other auditors, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, and the results of their operations, changes in their shareholders’ equity and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act, Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise·Associate Government Agency and accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea.

Our audit also comprehended the translation of Korean Won amounts into U.S. dollar amounts and, in our opinion, such translation has been made in conformity with the basis in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. Such U.S. dollar amounts are presented solely for the convenience of readers outside of the Republic Korea.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 38 of the consolidated financial statements.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 28, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits and the reports of the other auditors.

 

/s/  Deloitte Anjin LLC
Seoul, Korea
June 28, 2010

 

F-2


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

Korea Electric Power Corporation:

We have audited Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries’ (collectively referred to as the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We did not examine the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of certain subsidiaries whose financial statements reflect total assets and revenues constituting 9.9 percent and 24.4 percent, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009. The effectiveness of certain consolidated subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting was audited by other auditor whose reports have been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the effectiveness of certain consolidated subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting, is based solely on the reports of the other auditor.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, based on our audit and the reports of the other auditor, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

F-3


We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, our report dated June 28, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements with explanatory paragraphs relating to our audits comprehending the translation of Korean won amounts to U.S. dollar amounts and information relating to the nature and effect of differences between accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/  Deloitte Anjin LLC

Seoul, Korea

June 28, 2010

 

F-4


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholder

Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.:

We have audited the accompanying statements of operations, disposition of deficit, changes in shareholder’s equity and cash flows of Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2007, all expressed in Korea Won. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of its operations of Korea South-East Power Co. Ltd. and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in note 23 to the financial statements.

/s/  KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.

Seoul, Korea

June 28, 2008

 

F-5


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholder

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”)) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea.

As further described in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company derives substantially all of its operating revenue from KEPCO and engages in other significant transactions with related parties.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in the note 27 to the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 have been translated into United States dollars solely for the convenience of the reader. We have audited the translation and, in our opinion, the consolidated financial statements expressed in Korean Won have been translated into dollars on the basis set forth in the note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated June 25, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effective operation of internal control over financial reporting.

/s/  KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.

Seoul, Korea

June 25, 2010

 

F-6


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Board of Directors and Stockholder

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.:

We have audited Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, and our report dated June 25, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/  KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.

Seoul, Korea

June 25, 2010

 

F-7


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholder

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”)) and subsidiaries (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea.

As further described in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company derives substantially all of its operating revenue from KEPCO and engages in other significant transactions with related parties.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in note 29 to the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 have been translated into United States dollars solely for the convenience of the reader. We have audited the translation and, in our opinion, the consolidated financial statements expressed in Korean Won have been translated into dollars on the basis set forth in note 2(t) to the consolidated financial statements.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated June 28, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/  KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.

 

Seoul, Korea
June 28, 2010

 

F-8


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Board of Directors and Stockholder

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.:

We have audited Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Korea Midland Power Co. Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, and our report dated June 28, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

/s/  KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.

 

Seoul, Korea
June 28, 2010

 

F-9


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

In our opinion, statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007 present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. for the year ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 33 to the financial statements.

/s/ Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers

Seoul, Korea

June 24, 2008

 

F-10


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2009

 

     Won     U.S. dollars
(Note 2)
 
     2008     2009     2009  
     (In millions)     (In thousands)  

Assets

      

Property, plant and equipment (Notes 3 and 4):

   (Won) 109,305,083      (Won) 115,483,190      $ 99,242,203   

Less: accumulated depreciation

     (44,351,255     (50,183,508     (43,125,947

Less: accumulated impairment losses

     —          (22,935     (19,710

Less: construction grants

     (5,336,110     (6,152,485     (5,287,230
                        
     59,617,718        59,124,262        50,809,316   

Construction in-progress

     10,177,567        14,909,169        12,812,417   
                        

Net property, plant and equipment

     69,795,285        74,033,431        63,621,733   
                        

Investments and other assets:

      

Long-term investment securities (Note 6)

     2,717,195        3,542,283        3,044,114   

Long-term loans (Note 7)

     605,585        584,327        502,150   

Financial derivatives (Note 25)

     1,326,546        756,034        649,709   

Intangible assets (Notes 5 and 32)

     946,847        682,345        586,383   

Deferred income tax assets (Note 28)

     1,963,520        1,689,851        1,452,199   

Other non-current assets (Notes 8, 9, 20 and 33)

     504,408        890,860        765,574   
                        

Total non-current assets

     77,859,386        82,179,131        70,621,862   
                        

Current assets:

      

Cash and cash equivalents (Notes 9 and 20)

     1,452,286        1,489,390        1,279,930   

Trade receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of (Won)48,161 million in 2008 and (Won)61,094 million in 2009 (Notes 20, 31 and 32)

     2,806,974        3,189,923        2,741,307   

Other accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of (Won)19,509 million in 2008 and (Won)28,380 million in 2009 (Notes 5, 20, 31 and 32)

     725,578        1,341,520        1,152,855   

Short-term investment securities (Note 6)

     14,502        10,420        8,955   

Short-term financial instruments (Notes 9 and 20)

     316,442        356,115        306,033   

Financial derivatives (Note 25)

     3        144,449        124,134   

Inventories (Notes 4 and 10)

     4,272,098        3,894,878        3,347,122   

Deferred income tax assets (Note 28)

     563,163        353,103        303,444   

Other current assets (Notes 7, 11 and 20)

     188,178        249,102        214,071   
                        

Total current assets

     10,339,224        11,028,900        9,477,851   
                        

Total assets

   (Won) 88,198,610      (Won) 93,208,031      $ 80,099,713   
                        

 

F-11


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION—(CONTINUED)

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2009

 

     Won     U.S. dollars
(Note 2)
 
     2008     2009     2009  
     (In millions)     (In thousands)  

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

      

Shareholders’ equity:

      

Common stock of (Won)5,000 par value authorized 1,200,000,000 shares—Issued and outstanding 641,567,712 shares in 2008 and 2009 (Note 12)

   (Won) 3,207,839      (Won) 3,207,839      $ 2,756,704   

Capital surplus (Notes 3 and 12)

     14,558,531        14,668,563        12,605,649   

Capital adjustments (Note 13)

     (741,489     (741,587     (637,294

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Notes 14)

     435,064        487,211        418,692   

Retained earnings:

      

Appropriated (Note 15)

     26,462,200        23,509,731        20,203,438   

Before appropriations

     (2,960,276     (104,523     (89,823

Noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries

     312,945        376,573        323,614   
                        

Total shareholders’ equity

     41,274,814        41,403,807        35,580,980   
                        

Long-term liabilities:

      

Long-term debt, net (Notes 18 and 31)

     23,304,173        27,840,626        23,925,258   

Borrowings under conditional agreements (Note 19)

     14,638        15,317        13,163   

Long-term other account payable (Note 22)

     3,576,369        3,576,369        3,073,406   

Accrual for retirement and severance benefits, net (Note 21)

     1,735,457        1,772,680        1,523,379   

Liability for decommissioning costs (Note 22)

     5,470,764        5,695,224        4,894,276   

Provision for decontamination of transformer (Note 23)

     249,947        231,470        198,917   

Reserve for self insurance

     115,268        121,416        104,341   

Financial derivatives (Note 25)

     21,297        34,983        30,063   

Deferred income tax liabilities (Note 28)

     1,193,709        972,077        835,369   

Other long-term liabilities

     706,311        796,359        684,363   
                        

Total long-term liabilities

     36,387,933        41,056,521        35,282,535   
                        

Current liabilities:

      

Trade payables (Notes 20, 31 and 32)

     2,304,934        1,928,442        1,657,235   

Other accounts payable (Notes 20, 31 and 32)

     794,155        835,067        717,627   

Short-term borrowings (Note 17)

     1,357,710        684,480        588,218   

Current portion of long-term debt, net (Note 18)

     4,444,783        5,778,813        4,966,109   

Income tax payable

     461,707        82,844        71,193   

Accrued expense

     386,061        531,167        456,466   

Financial derivatives (Note 25)

     56        3,023        2,598   

Deferred income tax liabilities (Note 28)

     14,125        18,023        15,488   

Other current liabilities (Notes 20 and 24)

     772,332        885,844        761,264   
                        

Total current liabilities

     10,535,863        10,747,703        9,236,198   
                        

Total liabilities

     46,923,796        51,804,224        44,518,733   
                        

Commitments and contingencies (Note 33)

      

Total shareholders’ equity and liabilities

   (Won) 88,198,610      (Won) 93,208,031      $ 80,099,713   
                        

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-12


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

 

    Won     U.S. dollars
(Note 2)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  
    (In millions, except per share amounts)     (In thousands, except
per share amounts)
 

OPERATING REVENUES:
(Notes 31 and 32)

       

Sale of electricity

  (Won) 28,501,480      (Won) 30,708,544      (Won) 33,091,577      $ 28,437,741   

Other operating revenues

    635,740        851,556        902,275        775,383   
                               
    29,137,220        31,560,100        33,993,852        29,213,124   
                               

OPERATING EXPENSES
(Notes 26, 27, 31 and 32):

       

Power generation, transmission and distribution costs

    21,859,590        27,101,532        25,829,287        22,196,783   

Purchased power

    2,584,097        4,433,889        3,666,468        3,150,834   

Other operating costs

    261,679        1,083,050        1,238,619        1,064,426   

Selling and administrative expenses

    1,610,179        1,739,702        1,544,656        1,327,423   
                               
    26,315,545        34,358,173        32,279,030        27,739,466   
                               

OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)

    2,821,675        (2,798,073     1,714,822        1,473,658   
                               

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES):

       

Interest income

    186,315        170,951        113,865        97,852   

Interest expenses

    (737,121     (1,000,773     (1,583,863     (1,361,116

Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translation, net

    (144,948     (1,845,392     662,812        569,597   

Donations

    (155,437     (40,112     (21,109     (18,140

Equity income of affiliates, net (Note 6)

    119,564        98,611        22,473        19,313   

Gain on disposal of investments, net

    13,021        4,241        310        266   

Impairment loss on investment securities (Note 6)

    —          —          (60,636     (52,108

Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment, net

    (2,325     14,305        38,896        33,426   

Valuation gain (loss) on financial derivatives, net (Note 25)

    24,230        1,341,887        (357,004     (306,797

Loss on early repayment of exchangeable bond (Note 18)

    —          —          (540,593     (464,567

Other, net

    268,359        210,752        332,440        285,688   
                               
    (428,342     (1,045,530     (1,392,409     (1,196,586
                               

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX

    2,393,333        (3,843,603     322,413        277,072   

INCOME TAX EXPENSES (BENEFITS) (Note 28)

    926,165        (929,564     370,145        318,090   
                               

NET INCOME (LOSS)

    1,467,168        (2,914,039     (47,732     (41,018
                               

Controlling interest

  (Won) 1,426,457      (Won) (2,955,339   (Won) (96,716   $ (83,114

Noncontrolling interest

    40,711        41,300        48,984        42,096   
                               
  (Won) 1,467,168      (Won) (2,914,039   (Won) (47,732   $ (41,018
                               

BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE (Note 29)

  (Won) 2,294      (Won) (4,746   (Won) (155   $ (0.13
                               

DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE (Note 29)

  (Won) 2,258      (Won) (4,746   (Won) (155   $ (0.13
                               

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-13


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

 

    Common
stock
  Capital
surplus
    Capital
adjustments
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
    Retained
earnings
    Minority
interests
  Total  

Balances at January 1, 2007

  (Won) 3,207,839   (Won) 14,517,143      (Won) (796,980   (Won) 37,895      (Won) 26,118,850      (Won) 150,740   (Won) 43,235,487   

Net income

    —       —          —          —          1,426,457        40,711     1,467,168   

Dividends declared

    —       —          —          —          (621,080     —       (621,080

Exercise of conversion right

    —       (9,487     —            —          —       (9,487

Gain on disposal of subsidiary’s securities

    —       46,945        —            —          —       46,945   

Changes in treasury stock

    —       3,655        55,155        —          —          —       58,810   

Changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, net

    —       —          —          (1,309     —          —       (1,309

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

    —       —          —          7,734        —          —       7,734   

Changes in translation adjustments of foreign subsidiaries

    —       —          —          28,859        —          —       28,859   

Changes in valuation of derivatives

    —       —          —          10,736        —          —       10,736   

Changes in minority interests

    —       —          —          —          —          42,990     42,990   
                                                   

Balances at December 31, 2007

    3,207,839     14,558,256        (741,825     83,915        26,924,227        234,441     44,266,853   
                                                   

Net income (loss)

    —       —          —          —          (2,955,339     41,300     (2,914,039

Dividends declared (Note 16)

    —       —          —          —          (466,964     —       (466,964

Exercise of conversion right

    —       (61     —          —          —          —       (61

Gain on disposal of subsidiary’s securities

    —       148        —          —          —          —       148   

Gain on disposal of treasury stock, net of tax

    —       188        —          —          —          —       188   

Changes in treasury stock

    —       —          336        —          —          —       336   

Changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

    —       —          —          (8,274     —          —       (8,274

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

    —       —          —          205,359        —          —       205,359   

Changes in translation adjustments of foreign subsidiaries

    —       —          —          45,266        —          —       45,266   

Changes in valuation of derivatives

    —       —          —          108,798        —          —       108,798   

Changes in minority interests

    —       —          —          —          —          37,204     37,204   
                                                   

Balance at December 31, 2008

    3,207,839     14,558,531        (741,489     435,064        23,501,924        312,945     41,274,814   
                                                   

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-14


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY—(CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

 

    Common
stock
  Capital
surplus
  Capital
adjustments
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
    Retained
earnings
    Minority
interests
  Total  

Net income (loss)

    —       —       —          —          (96,716     48,984     (47,732

Changes in discount on stock issuance

    —       —       (98     —          —          —       (98

Changes in other capital surplus

    —       110,032     —          —          —          —       110,032   

Changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

    —       —       —          18,086        —          —       18,086   

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

    —       —       —          107,968        —          —       107,968   

Changes in translation adjustments of foreign subsidiaries

    —       —       —          (31,303     —          —       (31,303

Changes in valuation of derivatives

    —       —       —          (42,604     —          —       (42,604

Changes in minority interests

    —       —       —          —          —          14,644     14,644   
                                                 

Balances at December 31, 2009

  (Won) 3,207,839   (Won) 14,668,563   (Won) (741,587   (Won) 487,211      (Won) 23,405,208      (Won) 376,573   (Won) 41,403,807   
                                                 

U.S. dollars (In thousands) (Note 2)

  $ 2,756,704   $ 12,605,649   $ (637,294   $ 418,692      $ 20,113,615      $ 323,614   $ 35,580,980   
                                                 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-15


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

 

    Won     U.S. dollars
(Note 2)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  
    (In millions)     (In thousands)  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

   

Net income (loss)

  (Won) 1,467,168      (Won) (2,914,039   (Won) (47,732   $ (41,018

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

       

Depreciation and amortization

    5,829,915        6,233,033        6,318,534        5,429,927   

Property, plant and equipment removal loss

    295,589        302,288        276,724        237,807   

Provision for severance and retirement benefits

    329,771        483,909        238,001        204,530   

Provision for decommissioning costs, net

    339,749        379,281        223,387        191,971   

Provision for decontamination of
Transformer, net

    21,938        13,016        16,222        13,941   

Bad debt expense

    22,966        20,616        28,397        24,403   

Amortization of discount on debentures Issued and long-term loans, net

    37,231        38,735        197,217        169,481   

Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation, net

    105,009        1,586,241        (659,151     (566,451

Equity income of affiliates, net

    (119,564     (98,611     (22,473     (19,313

Impairment loss on investment securities

    —          —          60,636        52,108   

Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment, net

    (1,151     (14,305     (38,896     (33,426

Deferred income tax expense, net

    (87,811     (1,540,780     282,931        243,141   

Valuation loss (gain) on financial derivatives

    (24,230     (1,341,887     357,004        306,797   

Transaction loss on financial derivatives

    5,430        154,114        (42,856     (36,829

Loss on early repayment of exchangeable bond

    —          —          540,593        464,567   

Other losses (gains), net

    48,391        (135,364     38,859        33,394   

Changes in assets and liabilities:

       

Trade receivables

    (68,161     (216,627     (452,910     (389,215

Other accounts receivable

    196,154        (176,891     229,266        197,023   

Inventories

    (761,930     (1,779,959     (672,328     (577,775

Investments under the equity method

    49,432        33,102        28,973        24,898   

Other current assets

    (69,909     55,700        6,610        5,680   

Trade payables

    399,582        773,558        (315,952     (271,518

Other accounts payable

    (443,698     69,415        (33,951     (29,176

Income tax payable

    (421,964     (14,157     (387,739     (333,209

Accrued expense

    40,627        41,973        (9,150     (7,863

Other current liabilities

    (8,107     83,130        58,274        50,079   

Payment of severance and retirement
benefits, net

    (84,080     (78,204     (173,430     (149,040

Payment of decommissioning costs

    (7,324     (8,791     (254,287     (218,525

Payment of other provision

    (31,108     (54,238     (114,793     (98,649

Other, net

    (76,255     67,032        62,511        53,719   
                               

Net cash provided by operating activities

    6,983,660        1,961,290        5,738,491        4,931,459   
                               

 

F-16


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(CONTINUED)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007, 2008 AND 2009

 

    Won     U.S. dollars
(Note 2)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  
    (In millions)     (In thousands)  

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

   

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment

  (Won) 38,953      (Won) 47,669      (Won) 232,274      $ 199,608   

Additions to property, plant and equipment

    (8,544,771     (8,924,622     (11,243,965     (9,662,669

Receipt of construction grants

    1,055,465        1,141,724        1,197,173        1,028,808   

Proceeds from disposal of investment securities

    48,369        71,308        119        102   

Acquisition of investment securities

    (550,341     (164,014     (752,164     (646,383

Increase in long-term loans, net

    (10,627     (177,278     (2,628     (2,258

Acquisition of intangible assets

    (170,822     (360,604     (249,677     (214,564

Increase in other non-current assets

    (39,490     (157,363     (330,207     (283,768

Increase in short-term financial instruments, net

    (419,629     1,357,132        97,787        84,035   

Decrease in current portion of long-term loans, net

    41,318        23,095        39,616        34,045   
                               

Net cash used in investing activities

    (8,551,575     (7,142,953     (11,011,672     (9,463,044
                               

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

       

Proceeds from long-term debt

    5,197,868        9,887,176        11,821,305        10,158,815   

Proceeds from borrowings under conditional agreements

    560        3,032        3,447        2,962   

Repayment of long-term debt

    (4,247,010     (4,681,712     (5,964,054     (5,125,299

Proceed from short-term borrowings, net

    317,160        509,670        (594,340     (510,755

Proceeds from treasury stock, net

    58,988        —          —          —     

Dividends paid

    (641,638     (492,286     (45,920     (39,462

Settlement of financial derivatives

    461,147        (211,688     37,056        31,845   

Other, net

    121,016        11,023        35,772        30,741   
                               

Net cash provided by financing activities

    1,268,091        5,025,215        5,293,266        4,548,847   
                               

INCREASE (DECREASE) FROM CHANGES IN CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

    —          (4,689     661        568   

CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FROM THE TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES

    28,261        39,094        16,358        14,057   

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

    (271,563     (122,043     37,104        31,887   

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

    1,845,892        1,574,329        1,452,286        1,248,043   
                               

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

  (Won) 1,574,329      (Won) 1,452,286      (Won) 1,489,390      $ 1,279,930   
                               

 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-17


KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2009

(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presenting Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(a) Organization and Description of Business

Korea Electric Power Corporation (the “KEPCO”) was incorporated on January 1, 1982 in accordance with the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act (the “KEPCO Act”) to engage in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and development of electric power resources in the Republic of Korea. The Company was given the status of a government-invested enterprise on December 31, 1983 following the enactment of the Government-Invested Enterprise Management Basic Act. The Company’s stock was listed on the Korea Stock Exchange on August 10, 1989 and the Company listed its Depository Receipts (DR) on the New York Stock Exchange on October 27, 1994. On April 1, 2007 KEPCO was designated as a market orientated enterprise by the Government of the Republic of Korea.

On October 28, 2009, Korea Development Bank (the “KDB”) transferred its 29.95% shares of the Company to Korea Finance Corporation (the “KoFC”); both are wholly owned companies by the Korean Government. As of December 31, 2009, the Korean Government, KoFC, and foreign investors held 21.12%, 29.95% and 24.85%, respectively of the Company’s shares.

In accordance with the restructuring plan by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (the “MKE”) on January 21, 1999 (the “Restructuring Plan”), the Company spun off its power generation division on April 2, 2001, resulting in the establishment of six power generation subsidiaries. In addition, KEPCO has been contemplating the gradual privatization of KEPCO’s power generation subsidiaries and distribution business. In 2002, the Company commenced the sale of one of its generation subsidiaries. However, this sale was delayed due to unfavorable stock market conditions at the time. The Company intends to resume its stock-listing process in due course, after taking into consideration the overall stock market and other pertinent matters. The privatization of the power generation subsidiaries may result in a change in pricing of electric power, operational organization, related regulations and general policies for supply and demand of energy. The privatization of KEPCO’s distribution business was discontinued according to the recommendation of the Korea Tripartite Commission on June 30, 2004. In lieu of privatization, the Korea Tripartite Commission recommended the creation of independent business divisions, namely, the “strategic business units,” to create internal competition among the business divisions and ultimately to improve efficiency. On September 25, 2006, KEPCO established nine strategy business units with a separate management structure with limited autonomy, separate financial accounting and performance evaluation criteria, which, together with certain other business units of KEPCO, were restructured into 13 integrated business units with a focus on profit maximization in December 2008, following a two-year evaluation period.

 

(b) Basis of Presenting Consolidated Financial Statements

KEPCO maintains its accounting records in Korean Won and prepares the consolidated financial statements in the Korean language (Hangul) in conformity with the KEPCO Act, Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise-Associate Government Agency, which have been approved by the Korean Ministry of Strategy and Finance and, in the absence of specialized accounting regulations for utility companies, the accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea (collectively “Korean GAAP”). Certain accounting principles applied by the Company that conform with financial accounting standards and accounting principles in the Republic of Korea may not conform with generally accepted accounting principles in other countries. Accordingly, these consolidated financial statements are intended solely for use by those who are informed about Korean accounting principles and practices, the KEPCO Act and Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise-Associate Government Agency. The accompanying consolidated financial statements

 

F-18


have been condensed, restructured and translated into English (with certain expanded descriptions) from the Korean language consolidated financial statements. Certain information included in the Korean language consolidated financial statements, but not required for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity or cash flows, is not presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The Korea Accounting Standards Board (the “KASB”) has published a series of Statements of Korea Accounting Standards (“SKAS”), which replace the existing financial accounting standards, established by the Korean Financial and Supervisory Board. The Company prepared its financial statements as of December 31, 2009 in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards and SKAS in the Republic of Korea.

In 2007, the Company adopted SKAS No. 21—“Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements,” SKAS No. 23—“Earning per Share” and SKAS No. 25—“Consolidation Financial Statements”, effective from January 1, 2007. Pursuant to adoption of SKAS No. 25, income before minority interest is reclassified as net income. Besides, controlling interest in net income and minority interest in net income are separately presented in the consolidated statements of income.

In 2007, the Company also adopted amended SKAS No. 16—“Income Taxes” which are amended such that additional payment of income taxes and income tax refunds, formerly classified as other income (expenses), are reclassified as income taxes. Moreover, consolidated subsidiaries’ deferred income tax assets and liabilities, formerly recorded at net amount, are separately recorded in the consolidated statements of financial position.

In 2008, according to the revision of Clause 2, Article 1 of the Act on External Audit for Stock Companies, the Company renamed the “balance sheet” to “statement of financial position” effective for financial statement issued for fiscal years beginning after January 1, 2009. In addition, “balance sheet date” changed to “end of the reporting period.”

 

(c) Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of KEPCO and its controlled subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”). Controlled subsidiaries include majority-owned entities by either the Company or controlled subsidiaries and other entities where the Company or its controlled subsidiary owns more than 30% of total outstanding common stock and is the largest shareholder.

For investments in companies, whether or not publicly held, that are not controlled, but under the Company’s significant influence, the Company utilizes the equity method of accounting. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if the Company can exercise influence over the operating and financial policies of an investee. The ability to exercise that influence may be indicated in several ways, such as the Company’s representation on its board of directors, the Company’s participation in its policy making processes, material transactions with the investee, interchange of managerial personnel, or technological dependency. Also, if the Company owns directly or indirectly 20% or more of the voting stock of an investee and the investee is not required to be consolidated, the Company generally presumes that the investee is under significant influence.

When a controlling company still has control over its subsidiaries even after the controlling company sold a portion of its investment in the subsidiaries, the disposal gain or loss realized in connection with the sale of a subsidiary’s common stock should be presented as additions or deductions of consolidated capital surplus in the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-19


All intercompany balances including trade receivables and trade payables are eliminated in consolidation. Profits and losses on intercompany sales of products, property or other assets are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements based on the gross profit or loss recognized. For downstream sales, the full amount of intercompany profit is eliminated in the consolidated statements of income. For upstream sales, the elimination is allocated proportionately to consolidated income and minority interests. Details of unrealized income eliminated as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008

Account

   Controlling
interest
   Minority
interest
   Total

Property, plant and equipment

   (Won) 233,627    5,070    238,697

Intangible assets

     9,367    2    9,369
                
   (Won) 242,994    5,072    248,066
                

 

     Won (millions)
     2009

Account

   Controlling
interest
   Minority
interest
   Total

Property, plant and equipment

   (Won) 251,903    55,359    307,262

Intangible assets

     3,515    43    3,558
                
   (Won) 255,418    55,402    310,820
                

 

(d) Consolidated Subsidiaries

 

Subsidiaries

  Year of
establishment
  Ownership
percentage (%)
  Primary business
    2008   2009  
Korea Hydro & Nuclear
Power Co., Ltd.(*1)
  2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.(*1)   2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.(*1)   2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.(*1)   2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.(*1)   2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.(*1)   2001   100.0   100.0   Power generation
Korea Power Engineering Co., Inc.   1977   97.9   77.9   Engineering for utility plant
KPS Co., Ltd.   1984   80.0   80.0   Utility plant maintenance
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd.   1982   96.4   96.4   Nuclear fuel
Korea Electric Power Data
Network Co., Ltd.
  1992   100.0   100.0   Information services
Garolim Tidal Power
Plant Co., Ltd.(*3,4)
  2007   —     49.0   Power generation
KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd.   1995   100.0   100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO International Philippines Inc.   2000   100.0   100.0   Holding Company

 

F-20


Subsidiaries

  Year of
establishment
  Ownership
percentage (%)
  Primary business
    2008   2009  
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd.   2005   100.0   100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc.   2005   100.0   100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Asia International Ltd.   2005   85.0   85.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Philippines Corporation(*2)   1995   100.0   100.0   Utility plant rehabilitation
and operation
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation(*2)   1997   51.0   51.0   Construction and operation
of utility plant
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation   2005   60.0   60.0   Construction and operation
of utility plant
KEPCO Lebanon SARL   2006   100.0   100.0   Operation of utility plant
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd.   2006   100.0   100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Shanxi international Ltd.   2007   100.0   100.0   Holding Company
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd.   2007   100.0   100.0   Construction and operation
of utility plant
KEPCO Canada Energy Inc.(*3)   2008   —     100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Netherlands B.V.(*3)   2009   —     100.0   Holding Company
KEPCO Imouraren Uranium
Investment Ltd.(*3)
  2009   —     100.0   Uranium mine development
KEPCO Australia Pty. Ltd.(*3)   2005   —     100.0   Resources development
KOSEP Australia Pty. Ltd.(*3)   2007   —     100.0   Resources development
KOMIPO Australia Pty. Ltd.(*3)   2007   —     100.0   Resources development
KOWEPO Australia Pty. Ltd.(*3)   2007   —     100.0   Resources development
KOSPO Australia Pty. Ltd.(*3)   2007   —     100.0   Resources development

 

  (*1) Six new power generation subsidiaries were established on April 2, 2001 through the spin-off of KEPCO’s power generation division in accordance with the Restructuring Plan.

 

  (*2) Under the project agreement between the National Power Corporation of Philippines and KEPCO, the cooperation period of KEPCO Philippines Co. and KEPCO Ilijan Co. is for 15 years commencing September 15, 1995 and 20 years commencing June 5, 2002, respectively. At the end of the cooperation period, the power plant facilities will be transferred to the National Power Corporation of Philippines free of any liens or encumbrances and without any payment of compensation.

 

  (*3) As of December 31, 2009, Garolim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd, KEPCO Canada Energy Inc., KEPCO Netherlands B.V., KEPCO Imouraren Uranium Investment Ltd., KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd., KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. and KOSPO Australia Pty Ltd. was newly included in consolidation.

 

  (*4) The Company owns less than 50% of the shares of Garolim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd. However, Garolim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd. was included in consolidation as the Company holds power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors or equivalent governing body.

 

F-21


The power generation subsidiaries are primarily engaged in the sale of electricity to KEPCO through the Korea Power Exchange. Details of those subsidiaries are as follows:

 

Name of the subsidiaries

  

Major power plant

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. (KHNP)

   Hydroelectric power plant and nuclear power plant in Gori
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. (KOSEP)    Thermoelectric power plant in Samchonpo
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. (KOMIPO)    Thermoelectric power plant in Boryung
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. (KOWEPO)    Thermoelectric power plant in Tae-an
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. (KOSPO)    Thermoelectric power plant in Hadong
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. (EWP)    Thermoelectric power plant in Dangjin

 

(e) Affiliates Accounted for Using the Equity Method

 

Affiliate

  Year of
establishment
  Ownership
percentage (%)
 

Primary business

    2008   2009  

Korea Gas Corporation

  1983   24.5   24.5   Importing and wholesaling LNG

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

  1985   26.1   26.1   Generating and distributing electricity and heat

LG Powercom Corporation

  2000   38.8   38.8   Leasing telecommunication lines and providing internet access

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

 

1990

 

49.0

 

49.0

 

Electricity metering

YTN

  1993   21.4   21.4   Broadcasting

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

 

2005

 

40.0

 

40.0

 

Construction and operation of utility plant

SPC Power Corporation

  2006   40.0   40.0   Operation of utility plant

Datang Chifang Renewable Power Co., Ltd.

 

2006

 

40.0

 

40.0

 

Construction and operation of utility plant

Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd.

 

2007

 

34.0

 

34.0

 

Construction and operation of utility plant

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Ltd.

 

2007

 

30.0

 

30.0

 

Construction and operation of utility plant

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd

  2001   15.0   15.0   Wind power generating

Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd.

  2007   29.0   29.0   Generating electricity

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

  2005   27.0   27.0   Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

  2007   27.5   27.5   Construction and operation of utility plant

Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.

  2009   —     40.0   combined heat and power generation and CDM business

Denison Mines Corporation

  2003   —     17.1   Uranium exploration and development

Rabigh Electricity Company

  2009   —     40.0   Construction and operation of utility plant

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.

  2005   —     14.6   Oil and gas exploration in Nigeria

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.

  2005   —     14.6   Oil and gas exploration in Nigeria

SET Holdings

  2008   —     2.5   Construction and operation of uranium enrichment plant

Areva NC Expansion

  2007   —     15.0   Imouraren uranium mine development in Niger.

 

F-22


(f) Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, except in the case of revaluation made in accordance with the KEPCO Act and the Assets Revaluation Law of Korea. Significant additions or improvements extending useful lives of assets are capitalized. However, normal maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.

The Company capitalizes interest cost and other financial charges on borrowing associated with the manufacture, purchase, or construction of property, plant and equipment, incurred prior to completing the acquisition, as part of the cost of such assets. The calculation of capitalized interest includes exchange differences arising from foreign borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs, which is limited to the extent of interest cost calculated by the weighted average interest rate of local currency borrowings. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, the amounts of capitalized interest were (Won)240,165 million, (Won)309,971 million and (Won)293,999, respectively.

Depreciation is computed by the declining-balance method (straight-line method for buildings, structures, loaded heavy water and capitalized asset retirement cost of nuclear power plants and waste electric transformer, unit-of-production method for loaded nuclear fuel (PWR) and capitalized asset retirement cost of loaded nuclear fuel) using rates based on the estimated useful lives as follows:

 

     Estimated useful life

Buildings

   8 ~ 40

Structures

   8 ~ 30

Machinery

   5 ~ 16

Vehicles

   4 ~ 5

Loaded heavy water (inclued in loaded nuclear fuel)

   30

Loaded nuclear fuel

   —  

Capitalized asset retirement cost of nuclear power plants

   30 ~ 40

Capitalized asset retirement cost of waste electric transformer

   8

Capitalized asset retirement cost of loaded nuclear fuel

   —  

Others

   4 ~ 9

As described in Note 1(v), in 2004, the Company adopted SKAS No. 17, “Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, and retrospectively adjusted the liability for decommissioning costs at the estimated fair value using discounted cash flows to settle the asset retirement obligations of dismantlement of the nuclear power plants, spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste. In addition, the corresponding asset (calculated at the net book value amount as of January 1, 2004) related to all existing plants was recognized as a utility asset. The Company subsequently depreciates the capitalized asset retirement costs using the straight-line for dismantling costs and units-of-production depreciation method for spent fuel.

As described in Note 22, under the new regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act, enacted in 2007, the Company is required to remove polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”), a toxin, from the insulating oil of its transformers by 2015. According to the enactments, the Company is required to inspect the PCBs contents of transformers and dispose of PCBs in excess of safety standards under the legally settled procedures. The Company recognized related costs as a liability and capitalized the amount related to all existing utility plants.

When the Company receives grants which relate to the construction of transmission and distribution facilities, such amounts are initially recorded and presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as deductions from the assets acquired under such grants and are offset against depreciation expense during the estimated useful lives of the related assets.

 

F-23


(g) Asset Impairment

When the book value exceeds the estimated recoverable value of an asset due to obsolescence, physical damage or decline in market value, and the amount is material, the impaired asset is recorded at the recoverable value with the resulting impairment loss charged to current operations. If the recoverable value exceeds the adjusted book value of the asset in a subsequent period, the recoveries of previously recognized losses are recognized as gain in subsequent periods to the extent the net realizable value equals the book value of the assets before the loss is recognized after consideration of accumulated depreciation.

The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate, in management’s judgment, that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. These computations utilize judgments and assumptions inherent in management’s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows to determine recoverability of an asset. Management uses its best estimate in making these evaluations and considers various factors, including the future prices of energy, fuel costs and operating costs. However, actual market prices and operating costs could vary from those used in the impairment evaluations, and the impact of such variations could be material. If management believes the assets may have declined in value based on these assumptions, the Company records impairment charges to reflect the estimated recoverable value.

 

(h) Investment Securities

Classification of Securities

At acquisition, the Company classifies securities into one of the three categories: trading, held-to-maturity or available-for-sale. Trading securities are those that were acquired principally to generate profits from short-term fluctuations in prices. Held-to-maturity securities are those with fixed and determinable payments and fixed maturity that an enterprise has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. Available-for-sale securities are those not classified either as held-to-maturity or trading securities. Trading securities are classified as short-term investment securities, whereas held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities are classified as long-term investment securities, except for those whose maturity dates or whose likelihood of being disposed of are within one year from the end of the reporting period, which are classified as short-term investment securities.

Valuation of Securities

Securities are recognized initially at cost (determined by the moving average method for equity securities and by the specific identification for debt securities), which includes the market value of the consideration given and incidental expenses. If the market price of the consideration given is not available, the market prices of the securities purchased are used as the basis for measurement. If neither the market prices of the consideration given nor those of the acquired securities are available, the acquisition cost is measured at the best estimates of its fair value.

After initial recognition, held-to-maturity securities are valued at amortized cost. The difference between their acquisition costs and face vales (commonly referred to as “discounts” or “premiums” on debt securities) is amortized over the remaining term of the securities by applying the effective interest method and added to or subtracted from the acquisition costs and interest income of the remaining period.

Trading securities are valued at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in current operations. Available-for-sale securities are also valued at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), until the securities are sold or if the securities are determined to be impaired and the lump-sum cumulative amount of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is reflected in current operations. For those securities that are traded in an active market (marketable securities), fair values refer to the quoted market prices, which are measured as the closing price at the end of the reporting period. The fair values of non-marketable debt securities are measured at

 

F-24


the discounted future cash flows by using the discount rate that appropriately reflects the credit rating of the issuing entity assessed by a publicly reliable independent credit rating agency. If application of such measurement method is not feasible, estimates of the fair values may be made using a reasonable valuation model or quoted market prices of similar debt securities issued by entities conducting similar business in similar industries.

Securities are evaluated at each end of the reporting period to determine whether there is any objective evidence of impairment loss. When any such evidence exists, unless there is a clear counter-evidence that recognition of impairment is unnecessary, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the impaired security and recognizes any impairment loss in current operations. The amount of impairment loss of the held-to-maturity security or non-marketable equity security is measured as the difference between the recoverable amount and the carrying amount.

The recoverable amount of held-to maturity security is the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the securities’ original effective interest rate. For available-for-sale debt or equity security stated at fair value, the amount of impairment loss to be recognized in the current period is determined by subtracting the amount of impairment loss of debt or equity security already recognized in prior period from the amount of amortized cost in excess of the recoverable amount for debt security or the amount of the acquisition cost in excess of the fair value for equity security. For non-marketable equity securities accounted for at acquisition costs, the impairment loss is equal to the difference between the recoverable amount and the carrying amount.

If the realizable value subsequently recovers, in case of a security stated at fair value, the increase in value is recorded in current operations, up to the amount of the previously recognized impairment loss, while for the security stated at amortized cost or acquisition cost, the increase in value is recorded in current operation, so that its recovered value does not exceed what its amortized cost would be as of the recovery date if there had been no impairment loss.

Reclassification of Securities

When transfers of securities between categories are needed because of changes in an entity’s intention and ability to hold those securities, such transfer is accounted for as follows:

Trading securities should not be reclassified as other categories of securities. However, when those securities can no longer be held for sale in the near-term to generate profits from short-term price differences, the trading securities can be reclassified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities. When those securities are no longer traded in an active market, such securities are reclassified as available-for-sale securities. When trading securities are reclassified to other categories, the fair value (latest market value) as of the date of the reclassification becomes new acquisition cost of the security and the security’s unrealized holding gain or loss through the date of the reclassification should be recorded in the non-operating income or expenses.

Available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity securities can be reclassified into each other after fair value recognition. When a held-to-maturity security is reclassified into as a available-for-sale security, the difference between the book value and fair value is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Whereas, in case of an available-for-sale security being reclassified into a held-to-maturity security, the difference is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized over the remaining term of the securities using the effective interest method.

 

(i) Investment Securities under the Equity Method of Accounting

For investments in companies, whether or not publicly held, if the Company has significant influence over its investment, the Company utilizes the equity method of accounting. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if the Company can exercise influence over the operating and financial policies of an investee. The ability to exercise that influence may be indicated in several ways, such as the Company’s representation on its board of directors, the Company’s participation in its policy making processes, material

 

F-25


transactions with the investee, interchange of managerial personnel, or technological dependency. Also, if the Company owns directly or indirectly 20% or more of the voting stock of an investee, the Company generally presumes that the investee is under significant influence. The change in the Company’s share of an investee’s net equity resulting from a change in an investee’s net equity is reflected in current operations, retained earnings, and accumulated other comprehensive income in accordance with the causes of the change which consist of the investee’s net income (loss), changes in retained earnings, and changes in capital surplus and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Under the equity method of accounting, the Company’s initial investment is recorded at cost and is subsequently increased to reflect the Company’s share of the investee income and reduced to reflect the Company’s share of the investee losses or dividends received. The Company does not record its share of losses of an affiliate when such losses would make the Company’s investment in such entity less than zero unless the Company has guaranteed obligations of the investee or is otherwise committed to provide additional financial support.

Any excess in the Company’s acquisition cost over the Company’s share of the net fair value of the investee’s identifiable net assets is considered as goodwill and amortized by the straight-line method over the estimated useful life. The amortization of such goodwill is recorded against the equity income (losses) of affiliates. When events or circumstances indicate that carrying amount may not be recoverable, the Company reviews goodwill for any impairment.

Under the equity method of accounting, unrealized gains and losses on transactions with an investee are eliminated to the extent of the Company’s interest in the investee. However, unrealized gains and losses from a down-stream transaction with a subsidiary is eliminated in its entirety.

Assets and liabilities of foreign-based companies accounted for using the equity method are translated at the current rate of exchange at the end of the reporting period while profit and loss items in the statement of income are translated at the average rate and the capital account at the historical rate. The translation gains and losses arising from collective translation of the foreign currency financial statements of foreign-based companies are netted and recognized as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

 

(j) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization, as described below.

 

  (i) Research and Development Costs

All costs incurred during the research phase are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the development phase are recognized as an asset only if all of the following criteria for recognition are satisfied; (1) it is probable that future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow into the entity; and (2) the cost of the asset can be reliably measured. If the costs incurred fail to satisfy all of these criteria, they are recorded as periodic expenses as incurred. The capitalized expenditure includes the cost of materials, direct labor and an appropriate proportion of overheads. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over 5 years.

 

  (ii) Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets, which consist of industrial rights, land rights, computer software and others, are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. Such intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over a reasonable period, from 4 years to 50 years, based on the nature of the asset.

The Company assesses its intangible assets for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

 

F-26


(k) Cash Equivalents

The Company considers short-term financial instruments with maturities of three months or less at the acquisition date to be cash equivalents.

 

(l) Financial Instruments

Short-term financial instruments are financial instruments handled by financial institutions which are held for short-term cash management purposes or will mature within one year, including time deposits, installment savings deposits and restricted bank deposits.

 

(m) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on an analysis of individual accounts and past experience of collection. Smaller-balance homogeneous receivables are evaluated considering current economic conditions and trends, prior charge-off experience and delinquencies.

A rollforward of the allowance for doubtful accounts of trade receivables is as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2007     2008     2009  

Balance at beginning of the year

   (Won) 50,173      53,924      48,161   

Provision for bad debts

     22,163      20,616      28,397   

Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts

     (393   (2,173   (726

Write off

     (18,019   (24,206   (14,738
                    

Balance at end of the year

   (Won) 53,924      48,161      61,094   
                    

 

(n) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, cost being determined using the weighted-average method for raw materials, the specific identification method for materials in transit, moving-average method for supplies and specific-identification method for other inventories. The Company maintains perpetual inventory records, which are adjusted through physical counts at the end of each year.

 

(o) Valuation of Receivables and Payables at Present Value

Receivables and payables arising from long-term cash loans/borrowings and other similar loan/borrowing transactions are stated at present value. The difference between the nominal value and present value is deducted directly from the nominal value of related receivables or payables and is amortized using the effective interest rate method. The amount amortized is included in interest expense or interest income.

 

(p) Convertible Bonds

When issuing convertible bonds, the value of the conversion rights is recognized separately as a component of capital surplus. Consideration for conversion rights is measured by deducting the present value of ordinary or straight debt securities from the gross proceeds of the convertible bonds received at the date of issuance. The amortization of conversion right adjustment is recorded as a component of interest expense.

Convertible bonds are not subject to foreign currency translation because convertible bonds are regarded as non-monetary foreign currency liabilities in accordance with Korean GAAP.

 

(q) Discount (Premium) on Debentures and Debt Issuance Costs

Discount (premium) on debentures issued, which represents the difference between the face value and issuance price of debentures, is amortized using the effective interest rate method over the life of the debentures. The amount amortized is included in interest expense.

 

F-27


Unamortized debt issuance costs are accounted for as a reduction of the related bond liability and amortized over the life of the bond. Upon early redemption, the amount of debt issuance costs is written off proportionally.

 

(r) Retirement and Severance Benefits

Employees and directors who have been with the Company for more than one year are entitled to lump-sum payments based on current salary rates and length of service when they leave the Company. The Company’s estimated liability under the plan which would be payable if all employees left on the end of the reporting period is accrued in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position.

Funding of the retirement and severance benefits are not required, however, tax deductions are limited if the liability is not funded. The Company purchased individual severance insurance deposits, which meet the funding requirement for tax deduction purposes, in which the beneficiary is the respective employee, with a balance of (Won)455,223 million and (Won)490,061 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively, and are presented as a deduction from the accrual of retirement and severance benefits.

Through March 1999, under the National Pension Scheme of Korea, the Company transferred a certain portion of retirement allowances to the National Pension Fund. The amount transferred reduces the retirement and severance benefit amount payable to the employees when they leave the Company and is accordingly reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position as a reduction of the retirement and severance benefit liability. However, since April 1999, due to change in regulation such transfers to the National Pension Fund are no longer required.

 

(s) Reserve for Self-Insurance

In accordance with the Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise—Associate Government Agency, the Company provides a self-insurance reserve for loss from accidents and liabilities to third parties that may arise in connection with the Company’s non-insured facilities. The self-insurance reserve is recorded until the amount meets 15.8 percent of all the non-insured buildings and machinery’s value. Payments made to settle applicable claims are charged to this reserve.

 

(t) Foreign Currency Translation

KEPCO and its domestic subsidiaries maintain their accounts in Korean Won. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in Korean Won based on the prevailing rates of exchange on the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Korean Won at the end of the reporting period, with the resulting gains and losses recognized in current results of operations. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Korean Won at (Won)1,257.5 and (Won)1,167.6 to US$1, the rate of exchange on December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, which are stated at historical cost, are translated into Korean Won at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency assets and liabilities of foreign-based operations and the Company’s overseas subsidiaries are translated at the current rate of exchange at the end of the reporting period while profit and loss items in the statement of income are translated at the average rate and capital account at the historical rate. The translation gains and losses arising from collective translation of the foreign currency financial statements of foreign-based operations and the Company’s overseas subsidiaries are offset and the balance is accumulated as an accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

(u) Derivatives

All derivative instruments are accounted for at fair value with the valuation gain or loss recorded as an asset or liability. If the derivative instrument is not part of a transaction qualifying as a hedge, the adjustment to fair value is reflected in current operations. The accounting for derivative transactions that are part of a

 

F-28


qualified hedge based both on the purpose of the transaction and on meeting the specified criteria for hedge accounting differs depending on whether the transaction is a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge. Fair value hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability or a firm commitment (hedged item) that is attributable to a particular risk. The gain or loss both on the hedging derivative instruments and on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk is reflected in current operations.

Cash flow hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows of an asset or a liability or a forecasted transaction that is attributable to a particular risk. The effective portion of gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge is recorded as an accumulated other comprehensive income and the ineffective portion is recorded in current operations. Accumulated gain or loss in shareholder’s equity is recorded in the income statement in the periods in which the hedged item will affect profit or loss.

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized when the forecasted transaction is ultimately recognized in the consolidated statement of income. When a forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was reported in equity is immediately transferred to the consolidated statement of income.

 

(v) Liability for Decommissioning Costs

In October 2004, Korea Accounting Standard Board issued SKAS No. 17, “Provision and Contingent Liability & Asset.” In January 2005, the Company decided to early adopt SKAS No. 17. Under this standard, the Company retrospectively adjusted the liability for decommissioning costs at the estimated fair value using discounted cash flows (based on engineering studies and the expected decommissioning dates) to settle the liabilities for decommissioning costs and the same amount was recognized as an utility asset included in property, plant and equipment. The liability for decommissioning costs is adjusted based on management’s best estimates on each end of the reporting period. Under SKAS No. 17, the discount rate was set at the date of adoption (January 1, 2004) and should be applied in all future periods. In addition, any new obligation arising from new plant would use the discount rate in effect at the time plant commences operations. Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows. The Company subsequently depreciates the asset retirement costs of nuclear power plants and the asset retirement costs of loaded nuclear fuel using the straight-line and units-of-production depreciation method, respectively.

 

(w) Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of electric power based on meter readings made on a monthly basis. The Company does not accrue revenue for power sold after the meter readings but prior to the end of the accounting period. Revenue other than sale of electric power and revenue on long-term contracts is recognized when the Company’s revenue-earning activities have been substantially completed, the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, and it is probable that the Company will receive the economic benefits associated with the transaction.

 

(x) Income Taxes

Income tax expense is determined by adding or deducting the total income tax and surtaxes to be paid for the current period and the changes in deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax is recognized on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profits.

 

F-29


Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences with some exceptions and deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the assets to be recovered. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current based on the classification of related assets or liabilities for financial reporting purposes.

Prior to January 1, 2007, the Company recognized prior year income tax adjustments (additional payment of income tax or income tax refunds) as other income (expenses), offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and offset deferred tax assets against deferred tax liabilities in consolidated financial statements. However, in accordance with amendment of SKAS No. 16, “Income Taxes”, effective January 1, 2007, the Company recognized additional payment of income tax or income tax refunds as income taxes in 2007.

 

(y) Dividends payable

Dividends are recorded when approved by the shareholders’ meeting.

 

(z) Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income, after addition for the effect of expenses related to dilutive securities on net income, by the weighted average number of common shares plus the dilutive potential common shares.

 

(aa) Minority Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries is presented as a separate component of shareholders’ equity in the consolidated statements of financial position.

 

(ab) Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with Korean GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes to financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

(ac) Accounting Principles

Certain subsidiaries apply different accounting methods for cost of inventory and the depreciation of fixed assets and intangible assets than those of KEPCO. The effect of the different accounting is not considered material.

 

F-30


  (i) Cost of Inventory

 

Company

  Raw material(*)   Supplies   Others

KEPCO

  Weighted-average   Moving-average   Specific
identification

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

  Moving-average   —     Moving average

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

  —     Weighted-average   Weighted-average

Korea Power Engineering Co., Inc.

  —     FIFO   FIFO

Korea Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd.

  —     FIFO   —  

KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd.

  —     Weighted-average   —  

Korea Electric Power Data Network Co., Ltd.

  Moving-average   —     Moving-average

KEPCO Philippines Corporation

  —     Weighted-average   Weighted-average

KEPCO Ilijan Corporation

  —     Weighted-average   Weighted-average

 

(*)  Specific identification method is applied to materials in transit.

 

  (ii) Depreciation Methods

 

Company

  Machinery   Vehicles   Others   Computer software

KEPCO

  Declining-balance   Declining-balance   Declining-balance   Straight-line

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

  —     —     —     Declining-balance

Korea Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd.

  —     —     —     Declining-balance

KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd.

  Straight-line   Straight-line   Straight-line   —  

Korea Electric Power Data Network Co., Ltd.

  Straight-line   Straight-line   Straight-line   —  

KEPCO Philippines Corporation

  Straight-line   Straight-line   Straight-line   —  

KEPCO Ilijan Corporation

  Straight-line   Straight-line   Straight-line   —  

 

(ad) Elimination of Investments and Shareholders’ Equity

For consolidated subsidiaries and investments accounted for under the equity method, if the acquisition date is not as of the fiscal year end of the investee, the nearest fiscal year end of such investee is considered as the acquisition date in determining the amount of goodwill or negative goodwill.

 

F-31


The elimination entries of the KEPCO’s investments against the related investees’ shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

Won (millions)

   

Won (millions)

 

Accounts

   Amount    

Accounts

   Amount  

Common stock

   (Won) 3,592,314     

Investments in affiliates

   (Won) 19,227,493   

Capital surplus

     15,835,900     

Consolidated capital surplus

     2,060   

Capital adjustments

     (199  

Consolidated capital adjustments

     (98

Retained earnings

     8,873,464     

Consolidated retained earnings

     8,698,373   

Accumulated other
comprehensive income

     26,188     

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     22,694   
    

Minority interests

     376,578   
    

Other

     567   
                   
   (Won) 28,327,667         (Won) 28,327,667   
                   

(2) Basis of Translating Consolidated Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements are expressed in Korean Won and, solely for the convenience of the reader, the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009, have been translated into United States dollars at the rate of (Won)1,163.65 to US$1, the noon buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers in Won as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of December 31, 2009. The translation should not be construed as a representation that any or all of the amounts shown could be converted into U.S. dollars at this or any other rate.

(3) Property, Plant and Equipment

 

(a) Asset Revaluation

The Company revalued its property, plant and equipment in accordance with the KEPCO Act and the Asset Revaluation Law (the latest revaluation date was January 1, 1999). As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Company has a revaluation gain of (Won)12,552,973 million as a reserve for asset revaluation, a component of capital surplus.

 

(b) Officially Declared Value of Land

The officially declared value of land at December 31, 2009, as announced by the Minister of Land and Transportation and Maritime Affairs is as follows:

 

     Won (millions)

Purpose

   Book value    Declared value

Land—utility plant, transmission and distribution sites and other

   (Won) 6,370,868    10,338,688

The officially declared value of land, which is used for government purposes, is not intended to represent fair value.

 

F-32


(c) Changes in Property, Plant and Equipment

Changes in property, plant and equipment and construction grants for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

    Won (millions)  
    2008  
    Book value
as of
January 1,
2008
    Acquisitions     Disposals     Depreciation     Others(*)     Book value
as of
December 31,
2008
 

Land

  (Won) 6,126,074      21,750      (22,096   —        170,880      6,296,608   

Buildings

    7,291,784      761      (7,302   (661,901   643,924      7,267,266   

Structures

    28,405,415      1,002      (514   (1,302,703   2,718,515      29,821,715   

Machinery

    17,049,211      71,450      (3,372   (3,168,570   3,970,688      17,919,407   

Vehicles

    31,661      6,845      (26   (19,459   12,190      31,211   

Loaded nuclear fuel

    933,263      —        —        (416,977   544,665      1,060,951   

Capitalized asset retirement cost

    1,859,958      —        —        (257,934   205,770      1,807,794   

Others

    661,541      82,081      (54   (172,227   177,535      748,876   

Construction in-progress

    9,824,129      8,740,733      —        —        (8,387,295   10,177,567   

Construction grants

    (4,619,883   (1,141,724   —        300,128      125,369      (5,336,110
                                     
  (Won) 67,563,153      7,782,898      (33,364   (5,699,643   182,241      69,795,285   
                                     
    Won (millions)  
    2009  
    Book value
as of
January 1,
2009
    Acquisitions     Disposals     Depreciation     Others(*)     Book value
as of
December 31,
2009
 

Land

  (Won) 6,296,608      26,527      (160,315   —        208,048      6,370,868   

Buildings

    7,267,266      15,087      (21,090   (684,783   329,857      6,906,337   

Structures

    29,821,715      288      (8,678   (1,387,818   2,302,908      30,728,415   

Machinery

    17,919,407      53,286      (52,348   (3,396,540   3,155,796      17,679,601   

Vehicles

    31,211      7,875      (787   (18,552   6,706      26,453   

Loaded nuclear fuel

    1,060,951      —        —        (447,294   536,151      1,149,808   

Capitalized asset retirement cost

    1,807,794      —        —        (269,711   167,792      1,705,875   

Others

    748,876      105,547      (3,008   (203,477   61,452      709,390   

Construction in-progress

    10,177,567      11,035,355      —        —        (6,303,753   14,909,169   

Construction grants

    (5,336,110   (1,197,173   —        393,490      (12,692   (6,152,485
                                     
  (Won) 69,795,285      10,046,792      (246,226   (6,014,685   452,265      74,033,431   
                                     

 

  (*) Others include transfers between asset categories, acquisition of capitalized asset retirement cost, and other non-cash items.

 

F-33


(4) Insured Assets

Insured assets as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

          Won (millions)

Insured assets

  

Insurance type

   Insured value

Buildings and machinery

   Fire insurance    (Won) 1,032,097

Buildings and machinery

   Nuclear property insurance      1,763,968

Buildings, machinery and construction in progress

   Construction and shipping insurance      14,198,991

Buildings

   General insurance      23,693,482

Construction in progress

   Construction insurance      140,862

Inventories and machinery

   Shipping insurance      2,302,076
Buildings   

Others

     13,334,388

In addition, as of December 31, 2009, the Company carries compensation and responsibility insurance in relation to the operation of the nuclear power plants and gas accidents, construction and other general insurance for its utility plants and inventories and general insurance for vehicles.

(5) Intangible Assets

Changes in intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

    Won (millions)
    2008
    Book value
as  of

January 1,
2008
  Acquisitions   Amortization     Others(*1)     Book value
as of

December  31,
2008

Port facility usage right

  (Won) 146,311   —     (8,128   (56,940   81,243

Water usage right

    57,397   —     (16,952   (131   40,314

Dam usage right

    2,017   —     (145   4,237      6,109

Electricity usage right

    50,935   47,907   (96,007   36,100      38,935

Future radioactive wastes repository sites usage rights(*2)

    300,000   —     —        —        300,000

Computer software and capitalized research and development costs

    208,989   36,156   (85,034   28,406      188,517

Others(*3)

    75,678   276,541   (36,538   (23,952   291,729
                         
  (Won) 841,327   360,604   (242,804   (12,280   946,847
                         

 

F-34


    Won (millions)
    2009
    Book value
as of
January 1,
2009
  Acquisitions   Amortization     Others(*1)     Book value
as of
December 31,
2009

Port facility usage right

  (Won) 81,243   —     (6,601   —        74,642

Water usage right

    40,314   —     (16,952   (293   23,069

Dam usage right

    6,109   —     (145   —        5,964

Electricity usage right

    38,935   5,498   (97,495   66,610      13,548

Future radioactive wastes repository sites usage rights(*2)

    300,000   —     —        (300,000   —  

Computer software and capitalized research and development costs

    188,517   19,081   (71,315   14,603      150,886

Others(*3)

    291,729   225,098   (35,681   (66,910   414,236
                         
  (Won) 946,847   249,677   (228,189   (285,990   682,345
                         

 

  (*1) Others include transfers between asset categories and other non-cash items.

 

  (*2) In November 2005, Gyeongju City was selected as the repository site for Low and Intermediate-Level Radioactive Waste (LILRW). In relation to this future repository site, the Korean government enacted the ‘Special Act for the Region Hosting a Low and Intermediate Radioactive Waste Repository Site’ (the “Act”) to support the area. In compliance with the Act, the Company was obligated to pay (Won)300,000 million to the region to build the repository site. As a result, the Company recognized this obligation as an intangible asset and other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2005. The Company paid the entire amount in 2006.

In 2009, the Company reclassified (Won)300,000 million from intangible asset to other accounts receivable related to the disposal of its radio-asset waste facilities to Korea Radio-active Waste Management Corporation (KRMC). (Refer to note 22 and 38(j) for further information)

 

  (*3) In 2007, the useful life of Kori-1 nuclear generation unit is extended by 10 years under the permission of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (the “MEST”, formerly the Ministry of Science and Technology). The Company promised to pay (Won)196,000 million to local community where the Kori-1 nuclear power plant is located to get the agreement on the above extension of its operation period. The Company recorded the amount as other intangible assets.

In addition, the Company expensed research and development cost amounting to (Won)602,753 million, (Won)618,008 million and (Won)575,473 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

(6) Investment Securities

 

  (a) Short-term Investment securities as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Trading Securities

   (Won) 13,960    9,980

Held-to-maturity securities

     542    440
           
   (Won) 14,502    10,420
           

Held-to-maturity securities consist of debt securities including government and municipal bonds.

 

F-35


  (b) Long-term investments other than those under the equity method as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008
     Ownership
%
   Acquisition
cost
   Book
value

Available-for-sale:

        

Equity securities(*1) :

        

Energy Savings Investment Cooperatives(*2)

   48.0    (Won) 1,680    1,680

Korea Power Exchange(*3)

   100.0      127,839    121,573

Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd.

   0.14      97    97

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.

   15.0      12    12

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.

   15.0      12    12

Dolphin Property Limited.

   15.0      12    12

KEPCO Australia Pty Ltd.(*2)

   100.0      15,588    15,588

KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd.(*2)

   100.0      1,215    1,215

Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd.(*2)

   100.0      76    76

Cockatoo Coal Ltd.(*4)

   4.77      6,793    8,646

Other equity securities

   —        58,728    58,599
              
        212,052    207,510
              

Held-to-maturity:

        

Government and municipal bonds

        2,419    2,419
              

Total

      (Won) 214,471    209,929
              

 

     Won (millions)
     2009
     Ownership
%
   Acquisition
cost
   Book
value

Available-for-sale:

        

Equity securities(*1) :

        

Energy Savings Investment Cooperatives(*2)

   48.0    (Won) 1,680    1,680

Korea Power Exchange(*3)

   100.0      127,839    116,966

Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd.

   0.14      97    97

Dolphin Property Limited.

   15.0      12    12

Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd.(*2)

   100.0      76    76

Cockatoo Coal Ltd.(*4)

   4.77      20,290    20,176

PT Adaro Energy Tbk(*5)

   1.5      71,554    102,803

Other equity securities

   —        34,741    34,277
              
        256,289    276,087
              

Held-to-maturity:

        

Government and municipal bonds

        2,330    2,330
              

Total

      (Won) 258,619    278,417
              

 

  (*1) The equity securities other than securities in Korea Power Exchange, Cockatoo Coal Ltd. and PT Adaro Energy Tbk are non-marketable securities and stated at cost due to the lack of information to determine fair value.

 

F-36


  (*2) As described in Note 1(i), investment in affiliates in which the Company owns 20% or more of the voting stock should be stated at an amount as determined using equity method of accounting. However, as allowed per SKAS No. 8 “Investments in Securities”, as the difference between the equity method and cost is considered to be immaterial, the Company recorded the investment within available-for-sale securities at cost.

 

  (*3) Korea Power Exchange operates under the regulations for government affiliated organization, electric power market managerial regulations, and the Electricity Enterprises Act. Moreover, considering the purpose of establishment and articles of incorporation of Korea Power Exchange, the Company does not appear to have significant management control. Therefore, the investment is accounted for as available-for-sale at fair value. Based on the valuation report by the third party, the Company recorded valuation loss of (Won)10,873 million for its investment in Korea Power Exchange, which have been accounted for as accumulated other comprehensive income in 2009.

 

  (*4) The investment of Cockatoo Coal Ltd. was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and those securities are evaluated at quoted market value (closing price as of the reporting period). The Company recorded loss on valuation of (Won)114 million, which have been accounted for as accumulated other comprehensive income in 2009.

 

  (*5) The investment of PT Adaro Energy Tbk. which is Indonesia-based coal mining company was listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange and those securities are evaluated at quoted market value (closing price as of the reporting period). The Company recorded gain on valuation of (Won)31,249 million, which have been accounted for as accumulated other comprehensive income in 2009.

 

  (c) Investments in affiliated companies accounted for using the equity method as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

    Won (millions)
    2008
    Ownership
%
  Acquisition
cost
  Net asset
value
  Book value

Korea Gas Corporation

  24.5   (Won) 94,500   1,022,928   1,022,928

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

  26.1     5,660   186,445   186,445

LG Powercom Corporation

  38.8     323,470   384,901   384,901

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development
Co., Ltd.

  49.0     7,987   28,717   28,717

YTN

  21.4     59,000   29,991   29,991

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

  40.0     11,342   14,256   14,256

SPC Power Corporation

  40.0     20,635   30,507   30,507

Datang Chifang Renewable Co., Ltd.

  40.0     71,856   105,734   105,734

Gemeng International Energy Group Co. Ltd.

  34.0     413,153   591,911   591,911

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

  30.0     8,463   8,646   8,646

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd.

  15.0     5,725   6,994   7,093

Hyundai Green Power Co. Ltd.

  29.0     38,135   37,218   37,218

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

  27.0     1,800   4,823   4,823

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

  27.5     48,679   54,096   54,096
               
    (Won) 1,110,405   2,507,167   2,507,266
               

 

F-37


    Won (millions)
    2009
    Ownership
%
  Acquisition
cost
  Net asset
value
    Book value

Korea Gas Corporation(*1)

  24.5   (Won) 94,500   1,256,891      1,256,891

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

  26.1     5,660   226,596      226,596

LG Powercom Corporation(*1,*3)

  38.8     323,470   351,349      326,096

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

  49.0     7,987   26,553      26,553

YTN(*1)

  21.4     59,000   35,074      35,076

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

  40.0     16,500   18,131      18,131

SPC Power Corporation

  40.0     20,635   28,691      28,580

Datang Chifang Renewable Co., Ltd.

  40.0     78,574   108,998      108,997

Gemeng International Energy Group Co. Ltd.

  34.0     413,153   546,300      546,300

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

  30.0     8,463   7,267      7,267

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd.(*2)

  15.0     5,725   7,360      7,412

Hyundai Green Power Co. Ltd.

  29.0     38,135   36,253      36,253

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

  27.0     18,200   16,870      16,946

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

  27.5     35,999   37,343      37,343

Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.

  40.0     6,529   6,529      6,529

Denison Mines Corporation(*1,*2)

  17.1     84,134   152,479      64,176

Rabigh Electricity Company

  40.0     1,357   (2,069   —  

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*2,*4)

  14.6     12   (4,048   —  

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*2,*4)

  14.6     12   (3,644   —  

SET Holdings(*2)

  2.5     229,255   229,255      229,255

Areva NC Expansion(*2)

  15.0     285,465   285,465      285,465
                 
    (Won) 1,732,765   3,367,643      3,263,866
                 

 

  (*1) The quoted market value (based on closing price at the Korea Stock Exchange as of December 31, 2009) of Korea Gas Corporation, LG Powercom and YTN as of December 31, 2009 was (Won)918,540 million, (Won)315,189 million and (Won)40,770 million respectively.

 

       Denison Mines Corporation is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange, and as of December 31, 2009, the quoted market value based on the Toronto Stock Exchange was (Won)84,751 million ((Won)86,005 million based on the New York Stock Exchange).

 

  (*2) Despite of holding less than 20% of the total number of voting stock of Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd., Denison Mines Corporation, KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd., KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd., SET Holdings and Areva NC Expansion, the Company utilizes the equity method of accounting to the investment, as the Company has significant influence over the operating and financial policies of those entities.

 

  (*3) As LG Telecom will merge LG Powercom on January 5, 2010, shares of LG Powercom which the Company owns will be exchanged for shares of LG Telecom. As a result of the merger, the recoverable amount is estimated as (Won)326,096 million, and (Won)60,636 million arising from difference between the recoverable amount and the book value is recognized as impairment loss on investments.

 

  (*4) In 2009, the Company discontinued applying the equity method in KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. and KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd., as the accumulated deficit carried over from prior years in the equity loss of affiliates exceeded the balance in investment, resulting in a net nil investment balance and additional losses of (Won)3,493 million and (Won)3,149 million for other investments. The Company had unrealized equity loss of affiliates (Won)555 million and (Won)495 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2009.

 

F-38


  (d) Changes in investments in affiliated companies under the equity method for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

    Won (millions)
    2008
    Book value
as of
January 1,
2008
  Equity income
(loss) of affiliates
    Others(*1)     Book value
as of
December  31,
2008

Korea Gas Corporation

  (Won) 938,137   108,192      (23,401   1,022,928

Korea District Heating Co.

    187,502   2,366      (3,423   186,445

LG Powercom Corporation

    389,326   6,041      (10,466   384,901

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development, Ltd.

    29,379   4,728      (5,390   28,717

YTN

    28,493   1,823      (325   29,991

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

    7,543   (275   6,988      14,256

SPC Power Corporation

    22,580   493      7,434      30,507

Datang Chifang Renewable Co., Ltd.

    64,159   4,883      36,692      105,734

Gemeng International Energy Group Co. Ltd.

    413,153   (29,321   208,079      591,911

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

    7,625   22      999      8,646

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd

    7,307   628      (842   7,093

Hyundai Green Power Co. Ltd.

    16,364   (372   21,226      37,218

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

    1,499   (400   3,724      4,823

KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd.

    13,540   —        (13,540   —  

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

    —     (197   54,293      54,096
                     
  (Won) 2,126,607   98,611      282,048      2,507,266
                     

 

    Won (millions)
    2009
    Book value
as of
January 1,
2009
  Equity income
(loss) of affiliates
    Others(*1)     Book value
as of
December  31,
2009

Korea Gas Corporation

  (Won) 1,022,928   27,164      206,799      1,256,891

Korea District Heating Co.

    186,445   39,110      1,041      226,596

LG Powercom Corporation

    384,901   1,831      (60,636   326,096

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development, Ltd.

    28,717   3,607      (5,771   26,553

YTN

    29,991   5,283      (198   35,076

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

    14,256   76      3,799      18,131

SPC Power Corporation

    30,507   3,661      (5,588   28,580

Datang Chifang Renewable Co., Ltd.

    105,734   10,979      (7,716   108,997

Gemeng International Energy Group Co. Ltd.

    591,911   816      (46,427   546,300

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

    8,646   (666   (713   7,267

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd(*3)

    7,093   1,170      (851   7,412

Hyundai Green Power Co. Ltd.

    37,218   (892   (73   36,253

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.(*3)

    4,823   (320   12,443      16,946

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

    54,096   —        (16,753   37,343

Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.

    —     —        6,529      6,529

Denison Mines Corporation(*3)

    —     (17,788   81,964      64,176

Rabigh Electricity Company(*2)

    —     (44,889   44,889      —  

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.

    —     (3,506   3,506      —  

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.

    —     (3,163   3,163      —  

SET Holdings

    —     —        229,255      229,255

Areva NC Expansion

    —     —        285,465      285,465
                     
  (Won) 2,507,266   22,473      734,127      3,263,866
                     

 

F-39


 

  (*1) Others are composed of acquisition (disposal) of investment, dividends and the changes in values in equity due to capital surplus and gain (loss) on investment securities in accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

  (*2) As of December 31, 2009, unrealized profits of (Won)44,889 million arisen from transactions with the Company were eliminated.

 

  (*3) Details of changes in the differences between the acquisition cost and net asset value of equity method investees for the year ended December 31, 2009 is as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     Beginning
balance
   Acquisition    Amortization
(Reversal)
    Ending
balance

Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd

   (Won) 98    —      (49   49

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

     —      84    (8   76

Denison Mines Corporation

     —      89,453    (1,150   88,303
                      

Total

   (Won) 98    89,537    (1,207   88,428
                      

The Company’s portion on the negative accumulated other comprehensive income amounts were (Won)2,480 million and (Won)27,510 million, and positive accumulated other comprehensive income amounts of (Won)332,453 million and (Won)465,451 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Such amounts have been accounted for as unrealized gains and losses on equity securities of affiliates within shareholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income of the Company.

 

  (e) Summarized financial information regarding affiliated companies accounted for using the equity method as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 is shown in the following table (Won in million). There are no significant differences between carrying value of investment and share of underlying net equity except for Denison Mines Corporation explained in Note 6(d).

 

    2008  

Affiliated Companies

  Total Assets   Total Liabilities   Sales   Net
Income(Loss)
 

Korea Gas Corporation

  (Won) 20,807,767   16,624,885   23,324,594   435,153   

Korea District Heating Co.

    2,382,031   1,666,926   1,189,916   9,072   

LG Powercom Corporation

    1,937,073   944,983   1,273,769   5,991   

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

    128,479   69,873   261,090   12,833   

YTN

    187,383   47,424   104,441   8,731   

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power
Co., Ltd.

    148,453   112,812   5,777   (688

SPC Power Corporation

    88,946   9,373   24,249   10,826   

Datang Chifeng Renewable Co., Ltd.

    785,065   521,100   47,090   15,188   

Gemeng International Energy Group
Co., Ltd.

    1,741,968   1,051   12,524   (101,016

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited

    57,463   28,641   3,663   74   

Gangwon Wind Power Co.

    155,491   108,867   16,099   4,358   

Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd.

    163,032   34,695   —     (1,283

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

    88,346   70,485   1,021   1,449   

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

    68,747   2,961   —     (726

 

F-40


    2009  

Affiliated Companies

  Total Assets   Total Liabilities   Sales   Net
Income(Loss)
 

Korea Gas Corporation

  (Won) 22,933,499   17,794,943   19,391,829   215,404   

Korea District Heating Co.

    2,902,148   2,032,962   1,248,195   149,179   

LG Powercom Corporation

    2,043,231   1,137,621   1,468,313   25,853   

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

    124,685   67,736   125,303   4,718   

YTN

    329,654   165,974   105,432   26,038   

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power
Co., Ltd.

    135,760   90,256   11,583   189   

SPC Power Corporation

    87,873   13,369   27,507   9,479   

Datang Chifeng Renewable Co., Ltd.

    877,027   604,504   97,018   28,293   

Gemeng International Energy Group
Co., Ltd.

    1,611,481   4,714   —     (14,013

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

    33,990   9,767   —     (878

Gangwon Wind Power Co.

    148,096   99,025   28,603   8,060   

Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd.

    376,924   251,915   —     (3,076

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

    223,220   166,985   3,024   (1,011

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

    433,702   300,686   —     (3,879

Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.

    10,919   —     —     —     

Denison Mines Corporation

    1,064,202   171,097   61,507   (141,534

Rabigh Electricity Company

    790,210   795,382   —     —     

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.

    256,243   283,919   —     —     

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.

    153,075   177,994   —     —     

SET Holdings

    2,351,637   11,795   —     —     

Areva NC Expansion

    102,709   7   —     —     

(7) Loans to Employees

The Company has provided housing and tuition loans to employees as follows as of December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Current portion of long-term loans

   (Won) 32,899    42,175

Long-term loans

     426,943    441,808
           
   (Won) 459,842    483,983
           

(8) Other Non-current Assets

Other non-current assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Leasehold deposits

   (Won) 260,247    277,327

Assets received from KEDO (Note 33(d))

     93,625    93,519

Loans for oversea business

     21,192    372,972

Others

     129,344    147,042
           
   (Won) 504,408    890,860
           

 

F-41


(9) Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents and Financial Instruments

There are certain amounts included in cash and cash equivalents and financial instruments, which are restricted in use for certain business purposes as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Cash and cash equivalents

   (Won) 88,835    77,469

Short-term financial instruments

     50,000    65,858

Long-term financial instruments

     5    5
           
   (Won) 138,840    143,332
           

(10) Inventories

Inventories as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Raw materials(*)

   (Won) 2,336,236    2,346,478

Supplies

     1,264,450    1,066,922

Other

     671,412    481,478
           
   (Won) 4,272,098    3,894,878
           

 

  (*) As of December 31, 2008 and 2009 the Company has nuclear fuel in process amounting to (Won)1,211,558 million and (Won)1,590,958 million, respectively.

(11) Other Current Assets

Other current assets as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Current portion of long-term loans

   (Won) 33,707    45,507

Accrued income

     21,946    48,090

Advance payments

     31,160    43,510

Prepaid expenses

     35,772    35,497

Others

     65,593    74,910
           
   (Won) 188,178    247,514
           

(12) Shareholders’ Equity

 

(a) Capital Stock

The Company’s authorized share capital is 1,200,000,000 shares, which consists of common stock and non-voting preferred stock, par value (Won)5,000 per share. Under the Company’s articles of incorporation, the Company is authorized to issue up to 150,000,000 shares of non-voting preferred stock. No shares of preferred stock have ever been issued. As of December 31, 2009, 641,567,712 shares of common stock have been issued.

 

F-42


(b) Capital Surplus

Capital surplus as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Paid-in capital in excess of par value

   (Won) 835,140    835,140

Reserves for asset revaluation

     12,552,973    12,552,973

Tax adjustment related to asset revaluation

     742,125    742,125

Other capital surplus

     428,293    538,325
           
   (Won) 14,558,531    14,668,563
           

The Company revalued its property, plant and equipment in accordance with the KEPCO Act and the Asset Revaluation Law, and recorded a revaluation gain of (Won)12,552,973 million as a reserve for asset revaluation. The reserve for asset revaluation can be used for capital injection or offset against any accumulated deficit by resolution of the shareholders.

(13) Capital Adjustments

Capital adjustments of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Treasury stock(*)

   (Won) 741,489    741,489

Other capital adjustments

     —      98
           
   (Won) 741,489    741,587
           

 

  (*) The Company has 18,929,955 shares of treasury stock amounting to (Won)741,489 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 for the purpose of stock price stabilization.

(14) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2008     2009  

Gain (loss) on valuation of available-for-sale securities, net

   (Won) (3,759   14,327   

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

     329,973      437,941   

Overseas operation translation credit

     (5,598   (36,901

Gain on valuation of cash flow hedges (Note 25)

     114,448      71,844   
              
   (Won) 435,064      487,211   
              

 

F-43


(15) Appropriated Retained Earnings

Appropriated retained earnings as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Involuntary:

     

Legal reserve(*1)

   (Won) 1,603,919    1,603,919

Voluntary:

     

Reserve for investment on social overhead capital(*2)

     5,277,449    5,277,449

Reserve for research and human resources Development(*2)

     330,000    330,000

Reserve for business rationalization(*3)

     31,900    —  

Reserve for business expansion(*4)

     19,008,932    16,088,363

Reserve for dividend equalization(*5)

     210,000    210,000
           
     24,858,281    21,905,812
           
   (Won) 26,462,200    23,509,731
           

 

  (*1) The KEPCO Act requires the Company to appropriate a legal reserve equal to at least 20 percent of net income for each accounting period until the reserve equals 50 percent of the Company’s common stock. The legal reserve is not available for cash dividends; however, this reserve may be credited to paid-in capital or offset against accumulated deficit by the resolution of the shareholders.

 

  (*2) The reserve for the investment on social overhead capital and the reserve for research and human development are appropriated by the Company to avail itself of qualified tax credits to reduce corporate tax liabilities. These reserves are not available for cash dividends for a certain period as defined in the Tax Incentive Control Law.

 

  (*3) Until December 10, 2002 under the Special Tax Treatment Control Law (the “Law”), investment tax credit was allowed for certain investments. The Company was, however, required to appropriate from retained earnings the amount of tax benefits received and transfer such amount into a reserve for business rationalization. Effective December 11, 2002, the Company is no longer required to establish a reserve for business rationalization for tax benefits received for certain investments. However, existing reserves restricted for cash dividends and can be credited only to paid-in capital or offset against any accumulated deficit by resolution of the shareholders.

 

  (*4) Prior to 1990, according to the KEPCO Act, at least 20 percent of net income in each fiscal year was required to be established as a reserve for business expansion until such reserve equals the common stock. Beginning in 1990, no reserve is required.

 

  (*5) The reserve for dividend equalization, which is considered a voluntary reserve, is appropriated by the Company to reduce fluctuation of dividend rate.

 

F-44


(16) Dividends

Details of dividends for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions, except per share amount)
     Outstanding
shares of
common stock
   Dividend
rate
    Dividend
per share
   Total
dividend

2007:

          

Outstanding shares of common stock

   622,619,085    15   (Won) 750    (Won) 466,964

Treasury shares

   18,948,627    —          —        —  
                
   641,567,712         (Won) 466,964
                

2008:

          

Outstanding shares of common stock

   622,637,757    —     (Won) —      (Won) —  

Treasury shares

   18,929,955    —          —        —  
                
   641,567,712         (Won) —  
                

2009:

          

Outstanding shares of common stock

   622,637,757    —     (Won) —      (Won) —  

Treasury shares

   18,929,955    —          —        —  
                
   641,567,712         (Won) —  
                

(17) Short-term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

(a) Local Currency Short-term Borrowings

 

Lender

  

Type

   Annual
interest
rate %
   Won (millions)
         2008    2009

Eugene Investment & Securities

   General    3.00    (Won) 71,100    10,000

Woori Bank

   General    2.81      812,189    10,000

Korea Exchange Bank

   General    3.00      85,000    50,000

Shinhan Bank

   General    2.83      50,000    130,000

Samsung Securities

   General    CD - 4bp,+72bp      40,000    —  

Nonghyup

   General    MOR+1.67      7,000    7,000

SK Securities

   General    3.00      50,000    40,000

BOA

   General    CD + 7bp      24,000    —  

A.N.Z_KOREA

   General    8.39      20,000    —  

Kumho investment bank

   General    3.00      —      30,000

Shinhan Investment Corp.

   General    3.00      —      30,000
                 
         (Won) 1,159,289    307,000
                 

 

F-45


(b) Foreign Currency Short-term Borrowings

 

Lender

  

Type

   Annual
interest
rate %
   Won (millions)
         2008    2009

China Construction Bank

   General    1.75~1.83    (Won) 15,784    22,714

Woori Bank

   General    3M Libor+1.40      22,747    7,049

Korea Exchange Bank

   General    3M Libor+1.45      31,706    18,154

Korea Development Bank

   Commercial paper    0.61~4.70      35,229    —  

Kookmin Bank

   Commercial paper    3.82~5.08      49,374    —  

HSBC Korea

   Commercial paper    4.10      10,223    —  

Deutsche Bank Korea

   General    2.26      4,878   

BNP Paribas

   General    1.25      —      50,199

ABN-AMRO

   General    1.3~2.2      —      68,250

Shinhan Bank

   General    1.70      —      12,063

EXIM Bank

   General    3M Libor rate+0.35      —      81,658

A.N.Z_KOREA

   General    2.13      —      77,948

Other

   Usance & etc.    3M Libor+1.40      28,480    39,445
                 
         (Won) 198,421    377,480
                 

 

  (*) As of December 31, 2009, 1M Libor for US$ is 0.23% and 3M Libor for Yen and US$ are 0.28% and 0.25%, respectively.

(18) Long-term Debt

Long-term borrowings as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

(a) Local Currency Long-term Borrowings

 

Lender

  Type   Maturity   Annual
interest
rate  %
  Won (millions)  
        2008     2009  

Korea Development Bank

  Facility   2010~2044   0.50~6.87   (Won) 3,351,893      1,937,702   

Industrial Bank of Korea

  Development
of power resource
  2012   4.00     99,666      57,866   

Ministry of Knowledge Economy

 

Development
of power resource

  2010   4.00     20,000      10,000   

National Agricultural Cooperative Federation

 

Development
of power resource

  2011   3.08~4.00     114,375      66,875   

Korea Exchange Bank

  Energy
rationalization
  2010~2021   2.64~6.13     1,022,682      1,199,332   

Others

  General   2010~2042   1.75~4.00     1,015,375      562,638   
                   
          5,623,991      3,834,413   

Less: Current portion

          (2,201,430   (1,809,612
                   
        (Won) 3,422,561      2,024,801   
                   

 

F-46


(b) Foreign Currency Long-term Borrowings

 

Lender

  Type   Maturity   Annual
interest
rate %
  Won (millions)  
        2008     2009  

Japan Bank for international cooperation

 

Facility

 

2014

 

(a) 8.28% p.a. fixed
and (b) 6M

LIBOR +1.20 bps

  (Won) 138,320      105,611   

EXIM Bank

  Project loans   2010~2014   5.00~7.27     225,252      110,529   

Woori Bank

  Project loans   2018   LIBOR+30bp     125,750      103,024   

USEXIM

  Facility   2014   4.48     73,227      56,120   

Others

  Facility   2013   3M Libor rate
+0.70~3.05
    16,885      149,791   
                   
          579,434      525,075   

Less: Current portion

          (52,390   (193,548
                   
        (Won) 527,044      331,527   
                   

 

(c) Debentures

 

              Annual
interest
rate %
   Won (millions)  
         Maturity       2008     2009  

Local currency debentures:

          
Electricity bonds    2010~2013    3.61~7.19    (Won) 10,050,000      15,500,000   
Corporate bonds    2010~2011    3.96~7.55      4,030,010      5,840,010   
                      
             14,080,010      21,340,010   
                      
Foreign currency debentures:           
FY-93    2013    7.75      440,125      408,660   
FY-96    2010~2096    6.00~8.28      320,627      296,313   
FY-97    2027    6.75~7.00      395,758      367,463   
FY-03    2010~2013    5.12      188,626      175,140   
FY-04    2010~2034    4.88~5.75      880,240      992,460   
FY-05    2010~2012    3.13~5.25      821,306      768,850   
FY-06    2016    5.24~5.50      817,376      758,940   
FY-07    2010~2014    1.22~5.75      969,206      707,179   
FY-08    2011~2018    3M USD Libor+1.5,
3M JPY Libor+1.8,
4.06~5.38
     1,730,060      1,596,007   
FY-09    2010~2014    3M EuroYenTibor+2.5,
5.5~6.25
     —        1,877,682   
                      
             6,563,324      7,948,694   
                      
             20,643,334      29,288,704   

Less:

  Current portion            (2,190,963   (3,775,653
  Discount            (49,747   (76,358
                      
           (Won) 18,402,624      25,436,693   
                      

 

F-47


(d) Exchangeable Bonds

 

     Annual
interest rate  %
   Won (millions)  

Description

      2008     2009  

Overseas exchangeable bonds(*)

   0.00    (Won) 485,682      25,638   

Overseas exchangeable bonds(*)

   0.00      555,114      24,736   
                 
        1,040,796      50,374   

Less: Current portion

        —        —     

Plus: Premium on debentures issued

        —        —     

Less: Discount on debentures issued

        (49,729   (1,500

Conversion right adjustment

        (39,123   (1,269
                 

Exchangeable bonds, net

      (Won) 951,944      47,605   
                 

 

  (*) On November 21, 2006, the Company issued overseas exchangeable bonds of JPY61,345,128,000 and EUR463,320,780 at a discounted value of JPY60,810,000,000 and EUR401,700,000, respectively. The main terms of the bonds are as follows:

 

   

Maturity date: November 23, 2011

 

   

Amount to be paid at maturity: JPY 61,345,128,000 and EUR 463,320,780

 

   

Exchange period: From January 4, 2007 to 10th day prior to its maturity.

 

   

Shares to be exchanged: Common stock of the Company or its equivalent DR

 

   

Exchange price: (Won)51,000 per share

 

   

Put option: Bondholders have a put option that they can exercise for JPY 61,132,293,000 and EUR 437,612,000 on November 23, 2009. The Notes will be redeemable at the option of the holder of notes, by depositing a demand of redemption at the specified office of a paying agent, not less than 30 or more than 60 days prior to November 23, 2009.

 

   

Call option: The Company has a call option that it can exercise on or at any time after November 23, 2009. Notes are callable if the closing price per common share on the Korea Stock Exchange or the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange in each case, for each of any 20 trading days in a 30 consecutive trading period ending not more than 5 days prior to the date on which notice such redemption is given, is at least 120% of the conversion price or of the conversion price per ADS.

In accordance with Article 17—“Issuance of Convertible Bonds” and Article 11—“Calculation of Dividend for New Shares” of the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, distribution of dividends on new shares resulting from conversion of exchangeable bonds is deemed to have been issued at the beginning of the fiscal year.

On November 23, 2009, bondholders exercised a put option, 94.72% of JPY60,810,000 thousand and 95.54% of EUR401,700 thousand. The Company recorded a loss on early repayment of exchangeable bond and a loss on foreign currency transaction amounting to (Won)43,787 million and (Won)496,806 million, respectively.

 

F-48


(e) Foreign currency debts, by currency, as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions), US$, JPY, PHP and EUR (thousands)
     2008    2009
     Foreign
currency
   Won
equivalent
   Foreign
currency
   Won
equivalent

Short-term

    borrowings

   US$ 157,790    (Won) 198,421    US$ 244,840    (Won) 285,875
   JPY —        —      JPY 3,616,476      91,605
                   
        198,421         377,480
                   

Long-term

    borrowings

   US$ 390,826      491,464    US$ 321,414      375,283
   PHP 3,315,884      87,970    PHP 5,913,600      149,792
                   
        579,434         525,075
                   

Debentures

   US$ 3,879,688      4,878,707    US$ 5,378,496      6,279,932
   JPY 89,000,000      1,240,562    JPY 99,000,000      1,250,192
   EUR 250,000      444,055    EUR 250,000      418,570
                   
        6,563,324         7,948,694
                   

Exchangeable

    bond

   JPY 61,345,128      485,682    JPY 3,238,248      25,638
   EUR 463,321      555,114    EUR 20,646      24,736
                   
        1,040,796         50,374
                   
      (Won) 8,381,975       (Won) 8,901,623
                   

 

(f) Aggregate maturities of the Company’s long-term debt as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)

Year ended December 31

   Local
currency
borrowings
   Foreign
currency
borrowings
   Domestic
debentures
   Foreign
debentures
   Exchangeable
bonds
   Total

2010

   (Won) 1,809,612    193,548    2,650,000    1,127,048    —      5,780,208

2011

     1,410,721    68,488    3,420,000    1,237,391    50,374    6,186,974

2012

     386,735    68,488    4,050,010    351,320    —      4,856,553

2013

     62,794    68,488    3,680,000    2,452,822    —      6,264,104

2014

     62,193    39,544    3,520,000    759,585    —      4,381,322

Thereafter

     102,358    86,519    4,020,000    2,020,528    —      6,229,405
                               
   (Won) 3,834,413    525,075    21,340,010    7,948,694    50,374    33,698,566
                               

(19) Long-term debt under conditional agreements

Borrowings under conditional agreements as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

                Won (In millions)

Lender

  Type   Maturity   Annual
interest rate (%)
  2008   2009

Korea Resources
Corporation(*1)

 

Overseas
business

  2022~2024
  3 year treasury

notes—2.25

  (Won) 3,592   7,039

Korea National Oil
Corporation(*2)

 

Oil development
business

  2021~2023
  3 year treasury

notes—1.25

    11,046   8,278
               
        (Won) 14,638   15,317
               

 

F-49


 

  (*1) The Company has borrowings under conditional agreements from Korea Resources Corporation for overseas resources development projects related to uranium research in Christ and Waterberry, Canada.

 

  (*2) The Company has borrowings under conditional agreements from Korea National Oil Corporation for overseas resources development projects related to deepwater OPL321 and OPL323 exploration in Nigeria.

In case the projects mentioned above fail, the Company is not obliged to repay the principal and interest. The Company shall make additional payments other than the principle and interest after commercial production begins. The long-term borrowings of prior period’s financial statement are reclassified to the borrowings under conditional agreement to conform to the current period’s presentation. The reclassification does not affect the income before tax or net assets.

(20) Assets and Liabilities Denominated in Foreign Currencies

Significant assets and liabilities of the Company (excluding foreign subsidiaries) denominated in foreign currencies other than those mentioned in Note 18 as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions), US$, JPY and EUR (thousands)
     2008    2009
     Foreign
currency
(thousands)(*)
   Won
equivalent
(millions)
   Foreign
currency
(thousands)(*)
   Won
equivalent
(millions)

Assets:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

   US$ 17,789    (Won) 22,639    US$ 162,469    (Won) 189,699
   CNY 62      11    CNY —        —  
   PHP 5,013      133    PHP 2,575      65
   INR 163,304      4,280    INR 111,761      2,803
   AUD 3,013      2,621    AUD 4,129      4,315
   EUR 209      383    EUR 1,798      3,011
   NGN 1,985      18    NGN —        —  
   PKR —        —      PKR 14,236      199
   MGA —        —      MGA 20,035      12

Short-term financial instruments

   US$ 500      629    US$ —        —  
   INR 15,000      393    INR 20,664      518

Short-term loan

   US$ —        —      US$ 2,250      2,627

Trade receivables

   US$ 10,479      13,177    US$ 8,138      9,502
   EUR 125      221    EUR 1,899      3,179
   INR 49,640      1,301    INR 137,328      3,444
   PKR —        —      PKR 14,974      209
   PHP 1,216      32    PHP —        —  

Other accounts receivable

   US$ 7,483      9,410    US$ 4,853      5,666
   INR —        —      INR 48      1
   EUR —        —      EUR 84      141

Accrued income

   AUD —        —      AUD 41      43
   INR 141      4    INR 291      7

Advance payments

   US$ 5,515      6,957    US$ 285      333

Other current assets

   PKR —        —      PKR 125      2
   PHP 6,555      174    PHP 1,506      38
   INR 6,065      159    INR 7,131      179
   AUD 97      84    AUD 49      51

Long-term other accounts receivables

   US$ —        —      US$ 61      71

Other non-current assets

   US$ 564      709    US$ 449      524
   EUR 30      54    EUR 15      25
   JPY 13,428      187    JPY 520      7
   CAD 2      2    CAD —        —  
   CNY 40      7    CNY 14      2
                   
      (Won) 63,585       (Won) 226,676
                   

 

F-50


     Won (millions), US$, JPY and EUR (thousands)
     2008    2009
     Foreign
currency
(thousands)(*)
   Won
equivalent
(millions)
   Foreign
currency
(thousands)(*)
   Won
equivalent
(millions)

Liabilities:

           

Trade payables

   US$ 488,279    (Won) 614,010    US$ 443,794    (Won) 518,173
   EUR 314      557    EUR 517      866
   JPY 33,062      461    JPY —        —  
   CNY 1,779      328    CNY 4,111      703
   PHP 1,342      36    PHP —        —  
   INR 4,680      123    INR 592      15
   AUD 630      548    AUD —        —  
   GBP 1      1    GBP 84      157
   CAD —        —      CAD 166      184
   SEK —        —      SEK 270      44

Other accounts payable

   US$ 32,966      42,582    US$ 799      933
   EUR 1,459      2,657    EUR 664      1,112
   JPY 492      6,862    JPY 10,606,304      133,938
   CAD 52      54    CAD 327      362
   PHP 976      26    PHP —        —  
   INR 7,410      194    INR 13,144      330
   CHF —        —      CHF 101      114
   GBP 29      53    GBP 22      42
   SEK 142      23    SEK —        —  
   PKR —        —      PKR 4,078      57

Withholdings

   US$ 99      124    US$ 80      93
   EUR —        —      EUR 6      10
   CAD 179      186    CAD 36      40

Other current liabilities

   US$ 458      576    US$ 421      492
   INR 130      3    INR 25,516      640
   AUD 10,593      278    AUD 100      105
   PHP 183      159    PHP —        —  
                   
      (Won) 669,841       (Won) 658,410
                   

 

  (*) Foreign currencies other than US$, JPY and EUR are converted into US$.

(21) Retirement and Severance Benefits

Changes in retirement and severance benefits for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2008     2009  

Estimated accrual at beginning of year

   (Won) 1,776,614      2,190,771   

Provision for retirement and severance benefits

     483,909      238,001   

Payments

     (78,204   (173,430

Others

     8,452      7,487   
              

Estimated accrual at end of year

     2,190,771      2,262,829   

Transfer to National Pension Fund

     (91   (88

Deposit for severance benefit insurance

     (455,223   (490,061
              

Net balance at end of year

   (Won) 1,735,457      1,772,680   
              

 

F-51


As of December 31, 2009, the future retirement and severance benefits which are expected to be paid to the Company’s employees upon their normal retirement age are as follows:

 

     Korean Won
(in  millions)
   Translation into
U.S.  Dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)

2010

   (Won) 79,624    $ 68,426

2011

     79,844      68,615

2012

     96,843      83,223

2013

     122,478      105,253

2014

     125,027      107,444

2015 - 2019

     952,713      818,728

The above amounts were determined based on the employees’ current salary rates as of end of the reporting period and the number of service years that will be accumulated upon their retirement date. The amounts do not include amounts that might be paid to employees that will cease working with the Company before their normal retirement age.

(22) Liability for Decommissioning Costs

Under the Korean Electricity Business Act (EBA) Article 94, the Company is required to record a liability for the dismantling of nuclear power plants and disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive wastes. In addition, under the Korean Atomic Energy Act (AEA), an entity which constructs and operates a nuclear power reactor and related facilities must obtain permission from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (the “MEST”, formerly the Ministry of Science and Technology).

Effective January 1, 2004, the Company early adopted SKAS No. 17 and retrospectively adjusted the liability for decommissioning costs to the estimated fair value using discounted cash flows to settle the asset retirement obligations of dismantling and disposal of the nuclear power plants, spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste.

In 2008, Radio-active Waste Management Act (“RWMA”) was enacted by the Korean Government, which became effective as of January 1, 2009, in an effort to centralize the disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste and related management process.

The enactment of RWMA did not change the Company’s responsibility for dismantling of nuclear power plants. But performing the disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste has been transferred to newly established Korea Radio-active Waste Management Corporation (“KRMC”), a government-owned entity.

As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Company has recorded a liability of (Won)5,470,764 million and (Won)5,695,224 million, respectively, for dismantling and decontaminating existing nuclear power plants; consisting of dismantling costs of nuclear plants of (Won)4,311,052 million and (Won)4,498,716 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 and storage costs of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste of (Won)1,159,712 million and (Won)1,196,508 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from passage of time and changes in estimate related to either the timing or the amount of the initial estimate of undiscounted cash flows. This cost is included in cost of electric power in the accompanying statements of operations.

 

F-52


Changes in the liability for decommissioning costs for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2008     2009  

Balance at beginning of year

   (Won) 8,206,267      5,470,764   

Liabilities incurred

     470,376      255,360   

Accretion expense for year

     379,281      223,387   

Payments for year

     (8,791   (254,287

Transfer to long-term other account payable(*)

     (3,576,369   —     
              

Balance at end of year

   (Won) 5,470,764      5,695,224   
              

 

  (*) For spent fuel discharged prior to December 31, 2008, the Company has accrued the liability of (Won)3,576,369 million. Under newly enacted RWMA, the Company is required to pay the disposal costs of spent fuel to KRMC over 15 years, after a 5 year grace period along with the interest at 4.36%. As a result, the liability of (Won)3,576,369 million was reclassified to the long-term other accounts payable.

(23) Provision for Decontamination of Transformer

Under the regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act, enacted in 2007, the Company is required to remove polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a toxin, from the insulating oil of its transformers by 2015. As a result of the enactments, the Company is required to inspect the PCBs contents of transformers and dispose of PCBs in excess of safety standards under the legally settled procedures.

As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Company has recorded a liability of (Won)249,947 million and (Won)231,470 million for inspection and disposal cost related to decontamination of existing transformers, respectively. Actual cost of decontaminating are expected to vary from those because of changes in assumed dates of regulatory requirement, technology, and costs of labor, material and equipment.

(24) Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Advance received

   (Won) 45,642    61,735

Withholdings

     209,732    207,702

Unearned revenue

     73,244    87,608

Dividends payable

     9,318    17,923

Others

     434,396    510,876
           
   (Won) 772,332    885,844
           

 

F-53


(25) Derivative Instruments Transactions

The Company has entered into the various swap contracts to hedge risks involving foreign currency and interest rate of foreign currency debts.

 

  (a) Currency swap contracts as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

Counterparty

  Contract   Settlement   Contract amounts in millions   Contract interest rate  per
annum
  Year   Year   Pay   Receive   Pay (%)   Receive
(%)

ABN AMRO

  2008   2011   KRW 29,190   US$ 30   4.15   3M Libor+1.3

ABN AMRO

  2008   2011   KRW 28,050   JPY 3,000   4.50   Libor + 1.3

ABN AMRO

  2008   2013   KRW 149,040   US$ 150   5.03   5.38

ANZ

  2008   2011   KRW 52,025   US$ 50   5.17   3M USD
Libor + 1.80

ANZ

  2008   2011   KRW 18,700   JPY 2,000   4.50   Libor + 1.3

Barclays

  2008   2013   KRW 187,020   US$ 200   7.50   7.75

Barclays

  2006   2016   KRW 94,735   US$ 100   5.26   6.00

Barclays

  2008   2013   KRW 56,652   US$ 60   4.96   5.38

Barclays

  2006   2016   KRW 71,888   US$ 75   4.81   5.50

Barclays

  2004   2011   KRW 138,252   US$ 120   4.85   4.88

Barclays

  2004   2014   KRW 172,875   US$ 150   5.10   5.75

BNP Paribas

  2008   2011   KRW 52,375   US$ 50   5.92   3M USD
Libor + 1.80

BNP Paribas

  2008   2011   KRW 48,650   US$ 50   4.15   3M Libor+1.3

BNP Paribas

  2004   2011   KRW 17,282   US$ 15   4.85   4.88

BNP Paribas

  2008   2011   KRW 46,750   JPY 5,000   4.50   Libor + 1.3

BTMU

  2007   2010   KRW 109,060   JPY 14,000   5.29   3M JPY
EURO YEN
Tibor + 0.5

BTMU

  2010   2012   KRW 138,018   JPY 10,000   4.10   3M EURO
YENT+0.5

Calyon

  2008   2011   KRW 52,375   US$ 50   5.92   3M USD
Libor + 1.80

Citibank

  2006   2016   KRW 94,735   US$ 100   5.24   6.00

Citigroup

  2008   2013   KRW 113,304   US$ 120   4.96   5.38

Credit Suisse

  2008   2013   KRW 140,265   US$ 150   7.39   7.75

Credit Suisse

  2004   2011   KRW 86,400   US$ 75   Within 3 years:

4.875

After 3 years:

[4.875-(10.9-
JPY/KRW Spot

rate)]

  4.95

Credit Suisse

  2006   2016   KRW 98,100   US$ 100   5.48   5.50

Credit Suisse

  2006   2016   KRW 94,735   US$ 100   5.26   6.00

Credit Suisse

  2009   2011   KRW 197,475   US$ 150   5.00   4.75

Credit Suisse

  2004   2011   KRW 115,210   US$ 100   4.85   4.88

DBS

  2008   2011   KRW 51,730   US$ 50   5.78   3M USD
Libor + 1.70

DBS

  2008   2011   KRW 52,375   US$ 50   6.01   3M USD
Libor + 1.80

Deutsche Bank

  2009   2014   KRW 126,610   USD 100   5.39   6.25

Deutsche Bank

  2008   2010   KRW 172,959   EUR 125   2.46   3.13

 

F-54


Counterparty

  Contract
Year
  Settlement
Year
  Contract amounts in millions   Contract interest rate  per
annum
      Pay   Receive   Pay (%)   Receive (%)

Deutsche Bank

  2006   2016   KRW 71,888   US$ 75   4.81   5.50

Deutsche Bank

  2008   2013   KRW 149,040   US$ 150   5.03   5.38

Goldman Sachs

  2008   2013   KRW 113,304   US$ 120   4.96   5.38

ING

  2008   2011   KRW 50,495   US$ 50   6.24   6M USD
Libor + 1.50

JPMorgan Chase Bank

 

2004

 

2011

 

KRW

86,400

 

US$

75

 

Within 3 years:

4.875

After 3 years:

[4.875-(10.9-
JPY/KRW
Spot rate)]

 

4.95

Merrill Lynch

  2008   2010   KRW 86,479   EUR 63   2.46   3.13

Mizuho

  2008   2011   KRW 28,860   JPY 3,000   5.82   3M JPY Libor
+ 1.70

Morgan Stanley

  2009   2014   KRW 126,610   USD 100   5.32   6.25

Nomura

  2009   2014   KRW 126,610   USD 100   5.35   6.25

Nomura

  2009   2014   KRW 126,610   USD 100   5.33   6.25

SMBC

  2007   2010   KRW 116,620   JPY 14,000   4.56   1.38

TOKYO-MITSUBISHI UFJ BANK

 

2007

 

2010

 

KRW

112,600

 

JPY

14,000

 

5.09

 

JPY Euro Yen
3m Timor+0.5

UBS

  2008   2010   KRW 86,479   EUR 62,500   2.46   3.13

UBS AG

  2006   2016   KRW 98,100   US$ 100   5.48   5.50

Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Bank

  2007   2010   KRW 115,783   JPY 14,000   4.72   1.65

Woori Investment & Securities

 

2008

 

2011

 

KRW

10,346

 

US$

10

 

5.78

 

3M USD Libor
+ 1.70

Woori Investment & Securities

  2008   2011   KRW 19,460   US$ 20   4.15   3M Libor+1.3

Hana Bank

  2004   2011   KRW 17,282   US$ 15   4.85   4.88

 

  (b) Interest rate swap contracts as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

    Notional amount
in millions
  Contract interest rate per annum    

Counterparty

    Pay (%)   Receive (%)   Term

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 50,000   5.19   3M CD+0.22%   2007-2010

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 50,000   5.42   3M CD+0.21%   2007-2010

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 100,000   5.42   3M CD+0.22%   2007-2010

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 100,000   5.54   3M CD+0.27%   2007-2010

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 100,000   5.30   3M CD+0.35%   2008-2011

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 100,000   5.17   3M CD+0.38%   2008-2011

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 200,000   4.69   4.88%   2009-2011

Korea Exchange Bank

  KRW 100,000   CD 3M+0.54   3M CD+0.66%   2009-2012

Korea Development Bank

  KRW 100,000   6.32   3M CD+0.66%   2008-2011

JPMorgan Chase Bank

  KRW 172,800   4.65   Within 2 years: 4.875

After 2 years:

[4.875-(10.9-JPY/KRW Spot
rate)]

  2005-2011

JPMorgan Chase Bank

  KRW 100,000   6.13   CD+0.54%   2008-2011

ABN AMRO

  KRW 100,000   4.79   CD+0.55%   2009-2012

 

F-55


  (c) Currency forward contracts as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

    Contract
Date
  Settlement
Date
  Contract amounts   Contract
exchange  rate

Counterparty

      Receive (millions)   Pay (millions)  

Korea Exchange Bank

  2009.12.30   2010.01.15   USD 6,000   KRW 6,989   1,164.90

ABN AMRO

  2009.12.14   2010.01.15   USD 917   KRW 1,063   1,158.95

ABN AMRO

  2009.12.23   2010.01.28   USD 5,000   KRW 5,922   1,184,45

ABN AMRO

  2009.12.28   2010.01.29   USD 2,000   KRW 2,342   1,170.80

ABN AMRO

  2009.12.30   2010.01.28   USD 3,000   KRW 3,506   1,168.70

BNP Paribas

  2009.12.22   2010.01.25   USD 3,000   KRW 3,553   1,184.45

BNP Paribas

  2009.12.30   2010.01.05   USD 15,000   KRW 17,447   1,163.16

Deagu Bank

  2009.12.17   2010.01.21   USD 1,500   KRW 1,762   1,170.80

Barclays

  2009.12.18   2010.01.22   USD 5,000   KRW 5,896   1,179.20

Barclays

  2009.12.30   2010.01.27   USD 10,000   KRW 11,686   1,168.60

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.10   2010.01.14   KRW 2,329   USD 2,000   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.11   2010.01.14   USD 1,675   KRW 1,950   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.11   2010.01.14   USD 2   KRW 3   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.11   2010.01.14   USD 19   KRW 22   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.11   2010.01.14   USD 4   KRW 5   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.18   2010.01.14   USD 91   KRW 106   1,164.35

China Construction Bank

  2009.12.22   2010.01.14   USD 209   KRW 243   1,164.35

 

  (d) Fair value of the financial derivatives as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     Asset derivatives    Liability derivatives
     2008    2009    2008    2009

Cash flow hedging instruments

           

Investments:

           

Cross currency swaps

   (Won) 925,814    618,347    —      18,100
                     

Total cash flow hedge

   (Won) 925,814    618,347    —      18,100
                     

Trading instruments

           

Investments:

           

Interest rate swaps

   (Won) —      378    21,297    5,350

Cross currency swaps

     400,732    137,309    —      11,533

Current assets:

           

Currency forward contracts

     3    23    56    226

Interest rate swaps

     —      —      —      2,797

Cross currency swaps

     —      144,426    —      —  
                     

Total trading

   (Won) 400,735    282,136    21,353    19,906
                     

Total financial derivatives

   (Won) 1,326,549    900,483    21,353    38,006
                     

 

F-56


  (e) Valuation gains and losses on swap and forward contracts that do not qualify as hedges recorded as other income or expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2007     2008     2009  

Currency swaps

      

Gains

   (Won) 33,144      1,365,831      12,193   

Losses

     (18,900   (5   (382,517

Interest rate swaps

      

Gains

     2,594      —        13,828   

Losses

     —        (23,890   (300

Currency forward contracts

      

Gains

     7,436      3      18   

Losses

     (44   (52   (226
                    
   (Won) 24,230      1,341,887      (357,004
                    

 

  (f) The gains on currency and interest swap contracts qualifying as cash flow hedges are reflected within accumulated other comprehensive income amounting to (Won)114,448 million and (Won)71,844 million, as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

 

  (g) The transaction gains on derivatives are (Won)34,322 million, (Won)127,043 million and (Won)72,957 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The transaction losses on derivatives are (Won)39,752 million, (Won)281,157 million and (Won)30,101 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

(26) Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution Expenses

Power generation, transmission and distribution expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2007    2008    2009

Fuel

   (Won) 10,391,353    15,721,978    14,857,559

Labor

     1,908,475    2,189,385    1,881,694

Depreciation and amortization

     5,030,798    5,314,557    5,423,418

Maintenance

     2,154,252    1,592,774    1,622,887

Provision for decommissioning costs/accretion and related expenses

     443,980    365,617    431,744

Research and development cost

     198,948    461,079    464,377

Others

     1,731,784    1,456,142    1,147,608
                
   (Won) 21,859,590    27,101,532    25,829,287
                

 

F-57


(27) Selling and Administrative Expenses

Details of selling and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

   Won (millions)
     2007    2008    2009

Labor

   (Won) 579,692    651,426    544,668

Employee benefits

     76,259    80,001    80,699

Sales commissions

     362,705    384,305    384,119

Compensation for damages

     1,533    9,317    561

Depreciation and amortization

     82,266    138,215    89,423

Promotion

     29,362    23,399    18,134

Commission-others

     80,445    62,888    83,086

Bad debts

     22,966    20,616    28,397

Maintenance

     15,248    15,833    13,236

Research and development cost

     110,497    106,529    102,914

Others

     249,206    247,173    199,419
                
   (Won) 1,610,179    1,739,702    1,544,656
                

(28) Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

 

  (a) Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2007     2008     2009

Current income tax expense

   (Won) 1,035,386      737,426      138,106

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

     (109,221   (1,666,990   232,039
                  

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (Won) 926,165      (929,564   370,145
                  

 

  (b) The provision for income taxes calculated using the normal tax rates differs from the actual provision for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 for the following reasons:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2007     2008     2009  

Provision for income taxes at nominal tax rate

   (Won) 658,153      (1,107,127   78,024   

Tax effects of permanent differences:

      

Dividend income(*1)

     (138,770   (143,743   (8,107

Other

     8,068      3,044      11,567   

Tax effects of investment in subsidiaries(*2)

     452,753      (39,580   328,081   

The tax effect of tax rate revision(*3)

     —        270,385      (33,518

Other, net

     (54,039   87,457      (5,902
                    

Actual provision for income taxes

   (Won) 926,165      (929,564   370,145   
                    

Effective tax rate

     38.7   24.2   114.8
                    

 

  (*1) Under the Corporate Income Tax Act Article 18 paragraph 2, a certain portion of dividend income is not taxable. In this regard, certain portions of equity in net income of affiliates are considered permanent differences.

 

F-58


  (*2) Equity income of consolidated subsidiaries was eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. However, tax effect of equity income was not eliminated as disposal gains or losses are taxable or deductible upon sales of subsidiaries.

 

  (*3) As a result of the revision of income tax law in 2009, 24.2% is applied in 2010 and 2011, and 22% is applied for fiscal years beginning after January 1, 2012.

 

  (c) The tax effects of temporary differences that result in significant portions of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are presented below:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2008     2009  

Loss on valuation of derivatives

   (Won) 5,256      (94,528

Retirement and severance benefits

     203,862      311,986   

Deferred foreign exchange translation loss

     44,855      8,213   

Liability for decommissioning costs

     1,198,417      1,246,837   

Other long-term account payables

     786,801      786,801   

Accounts payable—purchase of electricity

     301,987      177,213   

Deferred tax asset for deficit carryforward

     850,279      1,605,786   

Deferred foreign exchange translation gain

     (14,827   (33,631

Reserve for social overhead capital investment

     (51,173   (34,589

Reserve for research and human resource development

     (11,188   (35,943

Investment in subsidiaries and affiliates

     (2,016,164   (2,338,845

Capitalized asset retirement costs

     (397,715   (336,494

Others, net

     418,459      (209,952
              

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

   (Won) 1,318,849      1,052,854   
              

Total deferred tax assets (liabilities)

    

Current assets

     563,163      353,103   

Non-current assets

     1,963,520      1,689,851   

Current liabilities

     (14,125   (18,023

Non-current liabilities

     (1,193,709   (972,077
              
   (Won) 1,318,849      1,052,854   
              

(29) Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share are calculated by dividing controlling interest in net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for each of the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2007    2008     2009  

Controlling interest in net income (loss)

   (Won) 1,426,457    (2,955,339   (96,716

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding

     621,717,622    622,637,717      622,637,717   
                   

Basic earnings (loss) per common share

   (Won) 2,294    (4,746   (155
                   

 

F-59


Diluted earnings (loss) per share are calculated by dividing diluted controlling interest in net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of common equivalent stock outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 as follows:

 

     Won (millions)  
     2007    2008     2009  

Controlling interest in net income (loss)

   (Won) 1,426,457    (2,955,339   (96,716

Exchangeable bond interest

     20,031    —        —     
                   

Diluted net income (loss)

     1,446,448    (2,955,339   (96,716
                   

Weighted-average number of common shares and diluted securities outstanding

     640,665,533    622,637,717      622,637,717   
                   

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

   (Won) 2,258    (4,746   (155
                   

In 2009, diluted earnings (loss) per share is the same as the basic earnings (loss) per share due to the anti-dilutive effect.

Exchangeable bonds to be convertible into common stocks as of December 31, 2009 are presented below:

 

     Exchange price
(Won)
   Exchange period    Number of shares
to be issued

Overseas exchangeable bonds 2nd

   51,000    2007.01.04 ~

2011.11.11

   919,908

(30) Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities

Significant non-cash investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Won (millions)
     2008    2009

Conversion of exchangeable bonds

   (Won) 510    —  

Transfer into current portion of long-term borrowings

     2,253,820    2,003,160

Transfer into current portion of debentures

     2,190,963    3,775,653

 

F-60


(31) Transactions and Balances with Related Parties

 

  (a) The nature of the relationship as of December 31, 2009 is as follows :

 

The nature of the relationship

 

Related Party

Shareholder of the Company  

Ministry of Knowledge Economy

Korea Finance Corporation(*)

Affiliate of the Company  

Korea Gas Corporation

Korea District Heating Co.

LG Powercom Corporation

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

YTN

Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd.

SPC Power Corporation

Datang Chifeng Renewable Co., Ltd.

Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd.

KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited.

Gangwon Wind Power Co.

Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd.

Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd.

PT. Cirebon Electric Power

Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd

Denison Mines Corporation

Rabigh Electricity Company

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.

SET Holdings

Areva NC Expansion

 

  (*) As mentioned in Note 1(a), KDB’s entire shares in KEPCO were transferred to KoFC on October 28, 2009.

 

F-61


  (b) Significant transactions between the Company and related parties for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

         Won (millions)

Related Party

  

Transactions

  2007   2008   2009

Operating revenue and other income:

        

Korea Gas Corporation

     (Won) 1,983   4,814   40,672

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

  

Sales of electricity

and others

    176,960   270,339   212,010

LG Powercom Corporation

       75,265   73,093   77,238

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

       5,327   9,887   9,396

YTN

       —     —     6,861

Rabigh Electricity Company

       —     —     44,889
                
     (Won) 259,535   358,133   391,066
                

Operating and other expenses:

        

Korea Gas Corporation

   Purchases of LNG   (Won) 5,351,071   7,881,723   6,022,633

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

   Commissions for service and others     334   456,165   380

LG Powercom Corporation

       67,413   73,153   71,794

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

       128,788   157,766   173,372

YTN

       1,460   —     560
                
     (Won) 5,549,066   8,568,807   6,268,739
                

 

  (c) Receivables and payables arising from related parties transactions as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

        Won (millions)

Related party

  Accounts   2008   2009

Receivables:

     

Korea Gas Corporation

  Trade receivables and
other accounts receivable
  (Won) 3,711   4,677

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

      63,221   42,580

LG Powercom Corporation

      8,893   2,603

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

      439   181

Rabigh Electricity Company

      —     227,607

Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd.

      113,175   93,408
           
    (Won) 189,439   371,056
           

Payables:

     

Korea Gas Corporation

  Trade payables and

other accounts payable

  (Won) 929,845   722,495

Korea District Heating Co., Ltd.

      59,961   2,175

LG Powercom Corporation

      4,601   2,691

Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.

      16,568   14,623

YTN

      —     99
           
    (Won) 1,010,975   742,083
           

 

F-62


  (d) Long-term debt from related parties as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

               Won (millions)  

Lender

   Type    interest rate (%)    2008     2009  

Korea Development Bank(*)

   Facility    0.5~6.87    (Won) 3,351,893      1,937,702   

Ministry of Knowledge Economy

   Rural area
development
   4.0      20,000      10,000   

Less : Current portion

           (10,000   (10,000
                    
         (Won) 3,361,893      1,937,702   
                    

 

  (*) As mentioned in Note 1(a), due to the reorganization of KDB into KoFC and KDB Financial Group, KDB and the Company are no longer directly related as of December 31, 2009. However, KoFC owns 94.3% of KDB Financial Group while KDB Financial Group owns 100% of KDB. As such, the Company has disclosed KDB as a related party as of December 31, 2009 above.

 

  (e) Guarantees provided by related companies for the Company as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

        USD (thounsands)

Type

  Related party   Currency   Guaranteed
amounts
  Type of
borrowings
  Balance of
borrowing  as
of December 31,
2009

Payment guarantee(*)

  Korea Development
Bank
  US$   651,663   Foreign

currency bond

  US$ 533,334

 

  (*) Korea Development Bank has provided a repayment guarantee for some of foreign currency debentures of KEPCO and debt related to the power generation business of KEPCO Ilijan Corporation, which existed at the time of spin-off, but not redeemed as of December 31, 2009.

 

F-63


(32) Transactions and Balances with Consolidated Subsidiaries

 

  (a) Significant transactions among KEPCO and consolidated subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows. These were eliminated in consolidation:

 

        Won (millions)

Consolidated subsidiaries

  Transactions   2007   2008   2009

Operating revenue and other income:

       

KEPCO

  Sales of electricity
and others
  (Won) 450,970   631,700   601,710

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

      5,514,741   5,801,584   5,150,848

Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.

      2,146,334   3,102,176   3,723,306

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.

      2,802,963   3,608,107   3,714,084

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

      3,100,953   3,687,034   3,809,276

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.

      3,733,243   4,647,023   4,613,557

Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.

      2,868,392   3,883,761   3,822,546

Others

  Commissions for
service and others
    1,213,598   1,352,502   1,492,928
               
    (Won) 21,831,194   26,713,887   26,928,255
               

Operating and other expenses:

       

KEPCO(*)

  Purchased power
and others
  (Won) 20,499,256   25,077,826   25,190,362

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

 

Commissions for

service and others

    719,076   809,484   895,516

Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.

      139,091   172,245   185,398

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.

      138,064   198,752   194,730

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

      120,066   182,435   173,284

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.

      84,827   95,618   112,063

Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.

      120,999   164,536   156,889

Others

      9,815   12,991   20,013
               
    (Won) 21,831,194   26,713,887   26,928,255
               

 

  (*) KEPCO has purchased electricity from its power generation subsidiaries through Korea Power Exchange.

 

F-64


  (b) Receivables and payables arising from KEPCO and consolidated subsidiaries transactions as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows. These were eliminated in the consolidation:

 

          Won (millions)

Consolidated subsidiaries

   Accounts    2008    2009

Receivables:

        

KEPCO

   Trade receivables and
other accounts
receivable
   (Won) 1,366,570    1,237,686

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

        990,144    1,172,682

Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.

        818,593    811,137

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.

        374,625    415,385

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

        480,977    539,282

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.

        582,781    583,022

Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.

        661,659    667,567

Others

        215,786    183,760
              
      (Won) 5,491,135    5,610,521
              

Payables:

        

KEPCO

   Trade payables and
other accounts payable
   (Won) 3,932,976    4,123,008

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

        441,247    336,327

Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.

        525,077    521,257

Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.

        57,181    50,042

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

        124,996    112,469

Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.

        118,519    113,029

Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.

        259,060    245,137

Others

        32,079    109,252
              
      (Won) 5,491,135    5,610,521
              

 

  (c) The elimination entries of revenues and expenses among KEPCO and consolidated subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

Won (millions)

  

Won (millions)

Accounts

   Amount   

Accounts

   Amount

Operating revenues

   (Won) 26,817,726   

Operating expenses

   (Won) 26,763,749

Rental income

     21,568   

Rent expenses

     11,695

Interest income

     69,359   

Commissions

     71,578

Other income

     19,602   

Interest expenses

     69,416
     

Other expenses

     11,817
                
   (Won) 26,928,255       (Won) 26,928,255
                

 

F-65


  (d) The elimination entries of receivables and payables among KEPCO and consolidated subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

Won (millions)

  

Won (millions)

Accounts

   Amount   

Accounts

   Amount

Trade payables

   (Won) 2,443,639   

Trade receivables

   (Won) 2,610,145

Other accounts payable

     317,821   

Other accounts receivables

     148,027

Advances received

     102,850   

Construction in-progress

     166,767

Unearned revenue

     12,468   

Other intangible asset

     1,505,049

Other long-term account
payable

     1,055,952   

Other long-term account
receivable

     1,053,929

Construction grants

     1,671,816      

Others

     5,975   

Others

     126,604
                
   (Won) 5,610,521       (Won) 5,610,521
                

 

  (e) The Company has provided guarantees for related companies as of December 31, 2009 as follows:

 

Guaranteed company

   Type    Amounts (In thousands)

KEPCO Ilijan Co.(*1)

   Subsidiary    USD 72,000

KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd.(*2)

   Subsidiary    USD 180,000
      RMB 800,000

KEPCO Lebanon SARL.(*3)

   Subsidiary    USD 17,113

KEPCO SPC Power Corporation.(*4)

   Subsidiary    USD 100,000

KEPCO Netherlands B.V.(*5)

      SAR 100,000

KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*6)

   Affiliated    USD 59,468

KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*6)

     

KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd.(*7)

   Subsidiary    IDR 17,356,000

 

  (*1) KEPCO Ilijan Corporation, which is a subsidiary of KEPCO International Philippines Inc., is engaged in the power generation business in the Philippines and has borrowed US$242 million in 2000, as project financing from Japan Bank of International Cooperation and others. In connection with the borrowing, KEPCO Ilijan Corporation’s investment securities held by KEPCO International Philippines Inc. were pledged as collateral. The Company has provided the National Power Corporation and others with the guarantee not to exceed US$72 million on performance of the power generation business by KEPCO Ilijan Corporation.

 

  (*2) KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary, formed the consortium with Deutsche Bank and Shanxi International Electric Power Ltd. to invest in the Chinese electric power generation business. The consortium established Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. to support this business. The Company has provided HSBC and Export-Import Bank of Korea (the “EXIM Bank”) with the payment guarantee for KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd.’s loan of US$180 million. The Company agreed with Deutsche Bank to refund the investment of RMB800,000 thousand and pay the additional interest of Libor + 2% for the period from initial investment date to the unqualified date in accordance with terms of the agreement, if Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. fails to be listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange within 6 years from the establishment date.

 

  (*3) The Company has provided performance guarantees related to the operation of the Lebanon power generation plant amounting to US$ 17.2 million to the Lebanon Electricity Agency.

 

  (*4) The Company invested in power plant construction business in Cebu, Philippines and established KEPCO SPC Power Corporation to support this business. The Company has provided the debt payment guarantee amounting US$ 100,000 thousand to EXIM Bank for KEPCO SPC Power Corporation.

 

F-66


  (*5) The Company invested in power plant construction business in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia through KEPCO Netherlands B.V. (the wholly owned subsidiary), and established Rabigh Electricity Company (40% of ownership) to operate this business. Rabigh Electricity Company has provided the Saudi Electricity Company with the performance guarantee for PPA contract through Saudi British Bank and counter guarantees through EXIM Bank. In relation to the guarantee the Company has provided the payment guarantee amounting SAR 100 million to EXIM Bank for the above counter guarantees.

 

  (*6) In August 2005, a consortium consisting of the Company, Korea National Oil Corporation, a state-controlled enterprise, and Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering won a bid from the federal government of Nigeria for exploration and production of oil in two off-shore blocks. This consortium holds 60% of the equity interest in the special purpose vehicle established to carry out the project regarding these two blocks and the Company holds 15% of the interest in the consortium. In March 2006, the consortium entered into production sharing contracts with the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation in connection with this project. Under these contracts, if the consortium is successful in finding oil, it will be entitled to operate the related facilities for 20 years. Regarding the exploration and development project, the Company provides the Nigeria government with performance guarantee of USD 24,818 and USD 34,650 respectively.

 

     However, in January 9, 2009, the leader of the consortium, Korea National Oil Corporation, was informed of a unilateral decision by the government of Nigeria to void allocation of the oil blocks granted to the consortium based on a claim that the consortium failed to pay full amount of the consideration. Korea National Oil Corporation has filed a suit in the Nigerian court challenging this assertion. On August 20, 2009, the Federal High Court in Nigeria ruled that the Nigerian government illegally cancelled offshore exploration rights with respect to the deep sea oil exploration projects and banned the Nigerian government from further interfering with the consortium. The Nigerian government subsequently appealed against the ruling and the case is still pending in court.

 

  (*7) PT Cirebon Electric Power, an affiliate of the Company is engaged in the power generation business in Indonesia. PT Cirebon Electric Power has commenced a construction of a 660MW thermal power plant for its power generation business. In relation to the power generation business, the Company has provided Indonesia Mizuho Bank with secondary performance guarantee of IDR 17.4 billion, through Korea Exchange Bank’s guarantee.

(33) Commitments and Contingencies

 

  (a) The Company is involved in legal proceedings regarding matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Related to these matters, as of December 31, 2009, the Company is engaged in 404 lawsuits as a defendant and 85 lawsuits as a plaintiff. The total amount claimed against the Company is (Won)187,102 million and the total amount claimed by the Company is (Won)55,885 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2009, the Company recorded a liability related to the above claims amounting to (Won)30,022 million in other long-term liabilities. The outcome of these lawsuits cannot presently be determined. In the opinion of management, the ultimate results of these lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operation, or liquidity.

 

F-67


  (b) Short-term Credit Facilities

Payment guarantee and short-term credit facilities from financial institutions as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

 

  (i) Payment Guarantee

 

Description

  

Financial institution

   Won (millions),
US$ and SAR (thousands)

Payment of import letter of credit

  

Korea Exchange Bank and others

  

USD

1,000,481

      JPY 61,169

Inclusive credits

   Kookmin Bank and others    KRW 120,100
   Hana Bank and others    USD 40,000

Borrowings

   Korea Exchange Bank and others    KRW 486,582
      USD 335,838

Guarantees for bid

   Korea Exchange Bank    INR 290,000
   Export-Import Bank of Korea    OMR 6,000
   Export-Import Bank of Korea    SAR 100,000
   Korea Exchange Bank and others    USD 700

Performance guarantees

   Export-Import Bank of Korea and others    USD 120,600
      CHF 24,818

Payment of foreign currency(*)

   Shinhan Bank and others    KRW 13,283
   Shinhan Bank and others    USD 11,512
   Korea Exchange Bank    EUR 72,000

Other guarantees

   Seoul Guarantee Insurance Co.,Ltd.    KRW 450

 

  (*) Foreign currencies other than US$ and SAR are converted into US$.

 

  (ii) Overdraft and Others

 

          Won (millions),
US$ and  JPY (thousands)

Description

  

Financial institution

   Credit lines

Overdraft

   Korea Exchange Bank and others    (Won) 878,000

Commercial paper

   Korea Exchange Bank and others    (Won) 775,000
      US$ 130,000

Trade financing

   National Agricultural Cooperative Federation and others    (Won) 71,500

Repayment guarantees for foreign currency debentures

   Korea Develop Bank    US$ 690,737
   Kookmin Bank    JPY 3,000,000

 

F-68


  (c) The Company has provided promissory notes as a guarantees as follows:

 

Objective

  

Providing company

  

Provided company

  

Description

Success repayable loan

   KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd    Korea Resources Corporation    six promissory notes (blank)

 

  (d) The Company entered into an arrangement with the Korea Peninsula Energy Development Organization (“KEDO”) on December 15, 1999, to construct two 1,000,000 KW-class pressurized light-water reactor units in North Korea. But, the executive board of KEDO decided to terminate the light water reactor project on May 31, 2006 due to the political environment surrounding the Korean peninsula. On December 12, 2006, the Company entered into the Termination Agreement (“TA”) with KEDO.

According to the TA, the Company mainly accepts all rights and obligations related to the light water reactor outside of North Korea, from KEDO. In exchange, the Company waives the right to claim any expenses incurred and any potential claims by subcontractors to KEDO. As a result, the Company recorded transferred equipment in accordance with the TA as other non-current assets amounting to (Won)93,519 million. In addition, the Company recorded the estimated claims by subcontractors as other long-term liabilities amounting to (Won)15,139 million.

Pursuant to the terms of the TA, the Company is required to report the disposal or reuse of the transferred equipment to KEDO, and the gains and losses from the TA are shared with KEDO through the negotiation between two parties. The Company’s management believes that ultimate gains or losses cannot be reasonably estimated as of December 31, 2009 as it is contingent upon disposal or reuse of the related assets and settlement of obligations.

 

  (e) The Company entered into a Power Purchase Agreement with GS EPS Co., Ltd. and other independent power producers, under which the Company is required to annually purchase a minimum amount of power from these companies. The power purchased from these companies amounted to (Won)1,487,345 million, (Won)2,228,262 million and (Won)1,507,741 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. In relation to the power purchases, the Company entered into long-term purchase contracts with various suppliers and the terms of these contracts can be summarized as follows:

 

Generation type

   Contract expiration term

Combined cycle units

   2018~2025

Photovoltaic power and other units

   Annual rollover

Under these contracts, purchase quantities are not fixed, and purchase prices are annually reset based on certain formula for each generation type.

 

  (f) The Company has contracted Doosan Industrial Co., Ltd. and others amounting to (Won)9,050,866 million and JPY 17,811 thousand in the aggregate as of December 31, 2009, for construction of power plant facilities and facility maintenance.

 

  (g) The Company has bituminous coal, anthracite Coal, oil and LNG purchase contracts with domestic and foreign suppliers including Korea Gas Corporation (a related party) as of December 31, 2009. Under these contracts, the Company must purchase an annual quantity of coal. The purchase price is determined based on market prices. In relation to coal imports, the Company entered into long-term transportation contracts with Hanjin Shipping Co., Ltd. and others as of December 31, 2009.

 

Fuel type

   Contract expiration Term   

Quantity

Bituminous Coal

   2010~2027    56,087 thousand ton/year

Anthracite Coal

   2010    Set by government

Oil

   2010    1,391 thousand kl/year

LNG

   2026    Mutual agreement

 

F-69


  (h) During 2001, the Company voluntarily suspended operations of the Gangneung hydroelectric generating plant to improve the quality of water used in generating electricity. The expenses related to the suspension of operations, including depreciation on the utility plant during 2008 and 2009 amounting to (Won)6,020 million and (Won)5,722 million, respectively, were charged to other expenses. In December 2005, a hearing was held by government officials, and attended by representatives of the Company, Gangneung residents and Korea Environment Institute (KEI). At the hearing, the Korean government ordered the conditional suspension of operations based on the KEI findings on the environmental effect of Gangneung hydroelectric generating plant. As of December 31, 2009, Gangneung hydroelectric generating plant is still under conditional suspension of operations based on the KEI findings. The Company will be able to utilize this plant in the future provided that the quality of the water improves and the residents of Gangneung consent to operations. As of December 31, 2009, if the plant were to be discontinued, the tangible and intangible assets amounting to (Won)62,507 million, would be impaired. No adjustment has been made in the accompanying consolidated financial statements related to this matter.

 

  (i) As the national project administrator, the Company is currently researching the use of RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) as an alternative source for power generation at Wonju city in the Gangwon province. For the project, the Company is expected to receive a total funding of (Won)9 billion from Korea Energy Management Corp and as of December 31, 2009, the Company has received (Won)4.5 billion from POSCO.

 

  (j) The Company imports all uranium ore concentrates from sources outside Korea (including the United States, United Kingdom, Kazakhstan, France, Russia, South Africa, Canada and Australia) and are paid for with currencies other than Won, primarily in U.S. dollars. In order to ensure stable supply, the Company entered into long-term and medium-term contracts with various suppliers, and supplements such supplies with purchases of fuels on spot markets. The long-term and medium-term contract periods vary among contractors and the stages of fuel manufacturing process. Contract prices for processing of uranium are generally based on market prices. Contract periods for ore concentrates, conversion, enrichment and design and fabrication are as follows:

 

Source of supply

  

Contract Year

  

Quantity

Concentrates

   2010~2036    36,885 Ton U3O8

Conversion

   2010~2012    11,083 Ton U

Enrichment

   2010~2029    38,990 Ton SWU

Enriched Uranium

   2010~2022    7,250 Ton U (4.5% enrichment)

Fuel design and fabrication

   2010~2011    889 Ton U

 

  (k) In April 2005, the Company invested in Gangwon wind power corporation to participate in renewable energy industry. Gangwon wind power corporation entered into the loan contract for financing construction costs. The investments in Gangwon wind power (book value of (Won)7,412 million) are restricted as collateral with Industrial Bank of Korea and BNP PARIBAS.

 

  (l) On June 24, 2005, the Korean government announced its policy to relocate the headquarters of Public Agencies, including KEPCO and certain of its subsidiaries including six generation units, out of the Seoul metropolitan area to other provinces in Korea by the end of 2012. Pursuant to this policy, KEPCO’s headquarters are scheduled to be relocated to Naju in Jolla Province, which is approximately 300 kilometers south of Seoul, by the end of 2012.

 

  (m)

On December 27, 2009, the Company entered into a contract with the Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation (“ENEC”), a state-owned nuclear energy provider in the United Arab Emirates to design, build and help operate four civil nuclear power generation units for the United Arab Emirates’ civilian nuclear energy program. The contract amount is US$18.6 billion, subject to change based on certain price escalation provisions of the contract, and is to last until May 1, 2020. Under the contract, we are obligated to provide the design and construction of four nuclear power generation units, each with a capacity of 1,400 megawatts, supply nuclear fuel for three fuel cycles including initial loading and

 

F-70


 

provide technical support and training and education of the plant operation personnel. The generation units will be located in Sila, a region approximately 330 kilometers from Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, and the first units are expected to be completed by May 2017.

(34) Segment Information

The below segment information is based on the management’s disaggregation of the Company for making operating decisions. Operating segments that have similar economic characteristics and are similar in terms of the nature of their products and services, the nature of the production process, the type or class of customer, and methods of distribution have been aggregated into a segment.

Other segments that cannot be classified into the above-mentioned two segments have been combined and disclosed in an “all other” category. All other consists primarily of the operations from the engineering and maintenance for utility plant, information services, and sales of nuclear fuel, communication line leasing and others.

The Company evaluates performance of each segment based on net income. There are no revenues from transactions with a single external customer that amount to 10 percent or more of the consolidated revenues of the Company.

 

  (a) The following table provides information for each operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009.

 

    Won (millions)  
  2007  
  Electric business     All other     Consolidation
adjustment
    Consolidated  
  Transmission  &
distribution
    Power
generation
       

Unaffiliated revenues

  (Won) 28,602,955      99,082      435,183      —        29,137,220   

Intersegment revenues

    380,930      20,155,982      1,263,606      (21,800,518   —     
                               

Total operating revenues

    28,983,885      20,255,064      1,698,789      (21,800,518   29,137,220   

Power generation, transmission and distribution costs

    (24,749,725   (17,770,613   —        20,660,748      (21,859,590

Purchased power

    (2,584,097   —        —        —        (2,584,097

Other operating cost

    (43,657   (2,475   (1,305,609   1,090,062      (261,679

Selling and administrative expenses

    (1,224,706   (291,529   (172,946   79,002      (1,610,179
                               

Operating income

    381,700      2,190,447      220,234      29,294      2,821,675   
                               

Interest income

    82,447      133,570      48,752      (78,454   186,315   

Interest expense

    (602,489   (177,948   (34,931   78,247      (737,121

Equity income of affiliates

    1,786,145      1,572      4,447      (1,672,600   119,564   

Other, net

    235,971      (105,194   84,925      (212,802   2,900   
                               

Income before income taxes

    1,883,774      2,042,447      323,427      (1,856,315   2,393,333   

Income taxes

    (326,960   (552,122   (44,174   (2,909   (926,165
                               

Segment earnings before minority interests

  (Won) 1,556,814      1,490,325      279,253      (1,859,224   1,467,168   
                               

 

F-71


    Won (millions)  
    2008  
    Electric business     All other     Consolidation
adjustment
    Consolidated  
    Transmission &
distribution
    Power
generation
       

Unaffiliated revenues

  (Won) 30,980,762      34,550      544,788      —        31,560,100   

Intersegment revenues

    541,621      24,712,237      1,371,855      (26,625,713   —     
                               

Total operating revenues

    31,522,383      24,746,787      1,916,643      (26,625,713   31,560,100   

Power generation, transmission and distribution costs

    (29,378,477   (23,855,042   —        26,131,987      (27,101,532

Purchased power

    (4,433,889   —        —        —        (4,433,889

Other operating cost

    (59,359   (9,193   (1,413,450   398,952      (1,083,050

Selling and administrative expenses

    (1,309,860   (311,032   (235,969   117,159      (1,739,702
                               

Operating income (loss)

    (3,659,202   571,520      267,224      22,385      (2,798,073
                               

Interest income

    90,590      98,993      54,911      (73,543   170,951   

Interest expense

    (752,366   (281,970   (39,796   73,359      (1,000,773

Equity income of affiliates

    (64,944   (9   1,824      161,740      98,611   

Other, net

    (120,310   (197,260   109,352      (106,101   (314,319
                               

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (4,506,232   191,274      393,515      77,840      (3,843,603

Income taxes

    1,553,763      (523,598   (82,233   (18,368   929,564   
                               

Segment earnings before minority interests

  (Won) (2,952,469   (332,324   311,282      59,472      (2,914,039
                               

 

    Won (millions)  
    2009  
    Electric business                    
    Transmission &
distribution
    Power
generation
    All other     Consolidation
adjustment
    Consolidated  

Unaffiliated revenues

  (Won) 33,164,995      214,305      614,552      —        33,993,852   

Intersegment revenues

    520,719      24,817,778      1,496,018      (26,834,515   —     
                               

Total operating revenues

    33,685,714      25,032,083      2,110,570      (26,834,515   33,993,852   

Power generation, transmission and distribution costs

    (29,372,297   (22,818,239   —        26,361,249      (25,829,287

Purchased power

    (3,666,468   —        —        —        (3,666,468

Other operating cost

    (56,048   (12,371   (1,491,164   320,964      (1,238,619

Selling and administrative expenses

    (1,159,598   (275,081   (207,784   97,807      (1,544,656
                               

Operating income (loss)

    (568,697   1,926,392      411,622      (54,495   1,714,822   
                               

Interest income

    89,362      42,547      60,111      (78,155   113,865   

Interest expense

    (988,368   (640,474   (33,233   78,212      (1,583,863

Equity income of affiliates

    1,513,752      (6,513   (8,117   (1,476,649   22,473   

Other, net

    (166,488   261,813      67,888      (108,098   55,116   
                               

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (120,439   1,583,765      498,271      (1,639,184   322,413   

Income taxes

    42,727      (329,695   (103,836   20,659      (370,145
                               

Segment earnings (loss) before minority interests

  (Won) (77,712   1,254,070      394,435      (1,618,525   (47,732
                               

 

F-72


  (b) The following table provides asset information for each operating segment as of December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

    Won (millions)
    Electric business              
    Transmission &
distribution
  Power
generation
  All other   Consolidation
adjustment
    Consolidated

December 31, 2008

         

Property, plant and equipment

  (Won) 31,941,153   35,588,883   1,051,525   1,213,724      69,795,285

Intangible assets

    195,951   2,182,367   69,731   (1,501,202   946,847

Total assets

    66,868,176   48,725,647   3,591,874   (30,987,087   88,198,610

December 31, 2009

         

Property, plant and equipment

  (Won) 33,346,531   38,398,615   1,205,295   1,082,990      74,033,431

Intangible assets

    105,134   2,028,491   58,333   (1,509,613   682,345

Total assets

    69,985,451   51,816,641   4,930,354   (33,524,415   93,208,031

(35) Comprehensive Statement of Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 is summarized as follows:

 

    Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  

Net income (loss)

  (Won) 1,467,168        (2,914,039     (47,732   $ (41,019

Other comprehensive income,
net of tax :

       

Gain (loss) on valuation of available-for-sale securities

    (1,309     (8,274     18,086        15,542   

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

    7,734        205,359        107,968        92,784   

Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives

    10,736        108,798        (42,604     (36,612

Overseas operations translation

    28,859        45,266        (31,303     (26,901
                               

Comprehensive income (loss)

  (Won) 1,513,188      (Won) (2,562,890   (Won) 4,415      $ 3,794   
                               

The amounts of tax allocated to the other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

    Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  

Gain (loss) on valuation of available-for-sale securities

  (Won) 497        4,143        (5,101   $ (4,384

Equity in other comprehensive income of affiliates

    (2,933     (44,346     (30,453     (26,170

Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives

    (4,072     (71,774     12,017        10,327   

Overseas operations translation

    (10,947     (14,233     8,829        7,587   
                               

Comprehensive income

  (Won) (17,455   (Won) (126,210   (Won) (14,708   $ (12,640
                               

 

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(36) Subsequent Event

The Company issued debentures after December 31, 2009 and details of the issued debentures are as follows (Won in millions):

 

Subsidiary

 

Type

  Annual
interest rate
(%)
  Issue date   Maturity
date
  Amount

Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.

  Corporate bond   4.67   2010.03.26   2015.03.26   (Won) 200,000
  Corporate bond   5.10   2010.04.20   2020.04.20     100,000

Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.

  Corporate bond   5.08   2010.02.18   2015.02.18     120,000
  Corporate bond   4.57   2010.03.19   2015.03.19     100,000

(37) Plan and Progress for Adoption of K-IFRS

The Company is scheduled to prepare financial statements in accordance with Korean International Financial Reporting Standards (the “K-IFRS”) effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after January 1, 2011. The Company has set up a special task force and the Company has been assessing the impact that the adoption of K-IFRS may have on financial statements and has been conducting on-the-job training and off-the-job training to its employees. In addition, the task force regularly reports the introduction plan and progress to the management.

The differences between the K-IFRS and K-GAAP, which are expected to have significant influences on the Company are; property, plant and equipment, revenue recognition and others, and are subject to change according to the Company’s additional assessment.

(38) Reconciliation to United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Korean GAAP which differs in certain respects from generally accepted accounting principles of the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The significant differences between Korean GAAP and U.S. GAAP that affect the Company’s consolidated financial statements are described below.

 

(a) Revenue Recognition

The Company reads meters and bills customers on a cycle basis. The Company does not accrue revenue for power sold to customers between the meter-reading date and end of the reporting period but records the revenue in the subsequent period. Under Korean GAAP, such practice is consistent with the Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise Associated Government Agency, which have been approved by the Korean Ministry of Strategy and Finance (formerly the Korean Ministry of Finance and Economy) and considered by the utility industry in Korea as Korean GAAP. However under U.S. GAAP beginning in 2006, the Company began recognizing unbilled revenue related to the sale of power between the meter-reading dates, at the end of each reporting period.

 

(b) Asset Revaluation and Depreciation

Under Korean GAAP, property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, except for those assets that are stated at their appraised values in accordance with the KEPCO Act and the Assets Revaluation Law of Korea. If an asset revaluation occurs, the revaluation becomes the new basis for the property, plant and equipment is established.

Under U.S. GAAP, property, plant and equipment must be stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. The revaluation of property, plant and equipment and the resulting depreciation of revalued

 

F-74


amounts are not considered in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. When revalued assets are sold, revaluation surplus related to those assets under Korean GAAP would be reflected in income as additional gain on the sale of property, plant and equipment under U.S. GAAP.

 

(c) Special Depreciation

Under Korean GAAP, a special depreciation has been allowed prior to 1994, which represents an accelerated depreciation of certain facilities and equipment acquired for energy saving and anti-pollution purposes. However, such special depreciation is not in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The U.S. GAAP reconciliation reflects the adjustment of special depreciation to the Company’s normal depreciation method, based on the economic useful life of the asset. In 2008, the related facilities and equipment became fully depreciated under U.S. GAAP and as such there is no longer a GAAP difference to be reconciled.

 

(d) Accounting for Regulation

Under U.S. GAAP accounting guidance for accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation, a regulated utility is required to defer the recognition of costs (a regulatory asset) or recognize obligations (a regulatory liability) if it is probable that, through the rate-making process, there will be a corresponding increase or decrease in future utility rates, while under Korean GAAP no such guidance exists.

The Government of the Republic of Korea approves the rates that the Company charges to its customers. The Company’s utility rates are designed to recover its reasonable costs plus a fair investment return. However, as discussed in Note 1(a), on April 2, 2001, six power generation subsidiaries were established in accordance with the Restructuring Plan. Since the power generation subsidiaries’ rates are determined by a competitive system in the market, they no longer meet the criteria for application of the guidance. Accordingly, since 2001, only the Company’s power transmission and distribution divisions have been subject to the criteria for the application of the guidance.

The Company recognizes a regulatory liability or regulatory asset in the consolidated financial statements by a charge or credit to operations to match revenues and expenses under the regulations for the establishment of utility rates. These assets or liabilities relate to the adjustments for capitalized foreign currency translation, reserve for self-insurance and deferred income taxes.

The following table shows the components of regulated assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
     2008     2009     2009  

Capitalized foreign currency translation

   (Won) 609,723      559,357      $ 480,692   

Reserve for self-insurance

     (115,268   (121,416     (104,341

Deferred income taxes

     (1,068,372   (844,301     (725,563
                      
   (Won) (573,917   (406,360   $ (349,212
                      

The regulated assets resulting from capitalized foreign currency translation are anticipated to be recovered over the weighted-averaged useful life of property, plant and equipment.

Regulatory assets and liabilities are established based on the current regulations and rate-making process. Accordingly, these assets and liabilities may be significantly changed due to the potential future deregulation or changes in the rate-making process.

 

F-75


(e) Reversal of Eliminated Profit on Transactions with Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies

Under Korean GAAP, the Company’s share of the profit on transactions between KEPCO and its affiliated companies is eliminated in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Under U.S. GAAP for regulated enterprises, where the sales prices are reasonable and it is probable that, through the rate making process, future revenues approximately equal to the sales price will result from the Company’s use of the utility plant, no elimination of profit is necessary for reporting purposes.

 

(f) Foreign Currency Translation

As discussed in Note 1(f), under Korean GAAP, the Company capitalizes certain foreign exchange transaction and translation gains and losses on borrowings associated with certain qualified assets during the construction period.

Under U.S. GAAP, all foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, referred to as either transaction or translation gains or losses under Korean GAAP, should be included in the results of operations for the current period. Accordingly, the amounts of foreign exchange transaction and translation gains and losses included in property, plant and equipment under Korean GAAP were reversed and recognized in current period earnings under U.S. GAAP.

Under Korean GAAP, convertible bonds denominated in foreign currency are regarded as non-monetary liabilities since they have equity-like characteristics. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize the associated foreign currency translation gain or loss.

Under U.S. GAAP, convertible bonds denominated in foreign currency are translated at exchange rates as of the end of the reporting period, and the resulting foreign currency transaction gain or loss is recognized in the period’s earnings.

 

(g) Intangible Assets

Under Korean GAAP, all costs incurred during the research phase are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the development phase are recognized as an asset only if all of the following criteria for recognition are satisfied; (1) it is probable that future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow into the entity; and (2) the cost of the asset can be reliably measured. If the costs incurred fail to satisfy all of these criteria, they are recorded as periodic expense as incurred.

Under U.S. GAAP, all costs incurred during the research and development stages are expensed as incurred, except for internal and external costs incurred to develop internal-use computer software during the application development stage should be capitalized.

Until 2008, as discussed in Note 5, under Korean GAAP, the Company recognized its payment to the City of Gyeongju, in the amount of (Won)300,000 million which was used for negotiations (based on government regulation) to establish a radio-active waste facility in the City, as an intangible asset. However, under U.S. GAAP, the Company recognized such amount as construction-in-progress for utility plants.

In 2009, as discussed in Notes 5 and 22, due to the transfer of roles related to the disposal of radio-active waste to KRMC, the Company transferred its intangibles asset, under Korean GAAP and its construction-in-progress, under U.S. GAAP to KRMC. The Company reclassified such amounts from respective accounts to other receivables, resulting in no GAAP difference.

 

(h) Deferred Income Taxes

Under Korean GAAP, the effect of changes in tax law related to items recorded directly in shareholders’ equity is reflected directly in the shareholders’ equity, while under U.S. GAAP, the effect is reflected in continuing operations in the period of new tax law enactment.

 

F-76


(i) Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

In July 2006, under U.S. GAAP new accounting guidance for uncertainty in income taxes, which sets out a consistent framework to use to determine the appropriate level of tax reserve for uncertain tax positions was issued. This guidance uses a two-step approach wherein a tax benefit is recognized if a position is more-likely-than-not to be sustained. The amount of the benefit is then measured to be the highest tax benefit which is greater than 50% likelihood of being realized. The difference between the benefit recognized for a position in accordance with this guidance and the tax benefit claimed on a tax return is referred to as an unrecognized tax benefit. Under Korean GAAP no such guidance exists.

The beginning balance of unrecognized tax benefits reconciles to the balance as of December 31, 2008, and 2009 in the following table:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollar (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
       2008              2009          2009  

Total unrecognized tax benefits at January 1

   (Won) 5,690      12,695      $ 10,910   

Amount of increase for current year’s tax position

     11,394      71        61   

Gross amount of increases for prior years’ tax position

     458      53        46   

Gross amount of decreases for prior years’ tax position

     (4,847   (6,832     (5,871
                      

Total unrecognized tax benefits at December 31

   (Won) 12,695      5,987      $ 5,146   
                      

Any changes in the amounts of unrecognized tax benefits related to temporary differences would result in a reclassification to deferred tax liability, and any changes in the amounts of unrecognized tax benefits related to permanent differences would result in an adjustment to income tax expense and therefore, the Company’s effective tax rate. As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the unrecognized tax benefits included above which would, if recognized, affect the effective tax rate is (Won)6,438 million and (Won)1,312 million, respectively.

The Company’s continuing practice is to recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to income tax matters in income tax expense. After the adoption of the accounting guidance for uncertainty in income taxes, the Company has total gross accrual for interest expense and penalties of (Won)3,537 million and (Won)2,213 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

The Company’s major tax jurisdiction is the Republic of Korea, and during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, tax audits by National Tax Service for six entities, including the Company’s corporate entity were carried out. The unrecognized tax benefits of the entities as of December 31, 2009 reflect the results of tax audits.

 

(j) Liabilities for Decommissioning Costs

Under Korean GAAP, as discussed in Note 22, since 2004, the Company has adopted SKAS No. 17 which requires companies to recognize its liability for decommissioning costs at estimated fair value. The Company should estimate the fair value using a discounted cash flow, for its asset retirement obligations for dismantling and disposal of the nuclear power plants, spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste; along with recording a corresponding utility asset in the same amount. Expense is recorded for the period to period changes in the liability resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows, as the balance is accreted to the ultimate amount payable.

 

F-77


Under Korean GAAP, the discount rate (4.36%) was set upon adoption in 2004 for all liabilities prior to that date and such rate is used for those liabilities for all future periods. Liabilities incurred for facilities built subsequent to the adoption of this guidance are discounted at the then applicable discount rate under Korean GAAP. Upward and downward revisions to the undiscounted estimated cash flows are discounted at the initial rate used for that facility.

Under U.S. GAAP, the Company adopted the guidance related to asset retirement in 2003, which requires the Company to recognize an estimated liability for legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-live assets. The fair value of the liabilities for decommissioning costs is determined using a present value approach and expense is recorded in each period for the accretion due to the passage of time to the amount ultimately payable. A corresponding amount is recorded as part of the book value of the related long-lived assets and depreciated over the useful lives of the assets.

Under U.S. GAAP, the discount rate for existing decommissioning liabilities prior to 2003 was set at adoption (6.49%). Liabilities incurred for facilities built subsequent to the adoption of this guidance, should be discounted at the then applicable discount rate under U.S. GAAP also. In addition, any changes that result in upward revisions to the undiscounted estimated cash flows shall be treated as a new liability and discounted at the then current discount rate. Any downward revisions to the undiscounted estimated cash flows will result in a reduction of the liability for decommissioning costs and is reduced from the recorded discounted liability at the rate that was used at the time the obligation was originally recorded.

As a result, substantially all of the different between the Korean GAAP liability and the U.S. GAAP liability is due to the different guidance adoption dates and the resulting different adoption date discount rates which impacts the liabilities assessed prior to the respective adoption dates, as discussed above. Also, subsequent to 2004, the Company uses the same discount rates under both GAAPs for liabilities related to new facilities, so no further GAAP differences will be created unless there are upward revisions in the amount payable.

In 2008, as discussed in Note 22, effective as of January 1, 2009, the Radio-active Waste Management Act (“RWMA”) was enacted by the Korean Government, in an effort to centralize the disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste and related management process. The RWMA designated the Korea Radio-active Waste Management Corporation (“KRMC”) as the entity in charge of performing the disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste. As a result, the Company’s related asset retirement obligation liabilities transferred to KRMC on RWMA enactment date.

As a result of the RWMA, the GAAP differences related to the asset retirement obligation liabilities for disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive waste (for such liabilities related to periods prior to respective guidance’s adoptions) was eliminated, as the Company no longer needs to discount such liabilities at a different discount rate.

For liabilities related to disposal of spent fuel recognized prior to the RWMA, the Company reclassified (Won)3,576,369 million of liabilities to other long-term payables. This amount was the asset retirement obligation liability accrued under Korean GAAP, which was deemed as the liability which transferred to KRMC by RWMA. Due to the substantial transfer amount of the liability (payables) to KRMC, the RWMA established a fifteen year payment plan, with an initial five year grace period, for the transfer of liabilities incurred prior to the RWMA.

 

F-78


Amounts reconciled from Korean GAAP to U.S. GAAP for capitalized asset retirement costs, net of accumulated depreciation and liabilities for decommission costs are as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollar
(Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
   2008     2009     2009  

Decrease in capitalized asset retirement costs, net of accumulated depreciation

   (Won) (866,658   (825,000   $ (708,976

Decrease in liabilities for decommissioning costs(*1)

     1,397,480      1,410,014        1,211,716   
                      

Increase in shareholders’ equity

   (Won) 530,822      585,014      $ 502,740   
                      

 

  (*1) There was no change related to the decommissioning and disposal of nuclear power plants so the GAAP difference from January 2009 forward only relates to those remaining obligations.

Details of the Company’s asset retirement costs as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 under U.S. GAAP are as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollar
(Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
   2008     2009     2009  

Capitalized asset retirement costs

   (Won) 1,134,699      1,198,381      $ 1,029,847   

Less : accumulated depreciation

     (395,025   (493,862     (424,408
                      
   (Won) 739,674      704,519      $ 605,439   
                      

Changes in liabilities for decommissioning costs for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 under U.S. GAAP are as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  Dollar
(Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
   2008     2009     2009  

Balance at beginning of year

   (Won) 5,911,298      4,073,284      $ 3,500,437   

Liabilities incurred

     470,376      255,360        219,447   

Accretion expense for the year

     320,250      210,853        181,200   

Payments

     (8,791   (254,287     (218,525

Transfer to long-term other account payable(*1)

     (3,576,369   —          —     

Others(*2)

     956,520      —          —     
                      

Balance at end of year

   (Won) 4,073,284      4,285,210      $ 3,682,559   
                      

 

  (*1) For spent fuel discharged prior to December 31, 2008, the Company has accrued the liability of (Won) 3,576,369 million. Under newly enacted RWMA, as the Company is required to pay KRMC over 15 years, after a 5 year grace period. As a result, the liability of (Won)3,576,369 million was reclassified to the long-term other accounts payable.

 

  (*2) With the transfer of performing the disposal of spent fuel and low and intermediate radioactive waste, the liability under U.S.GAAP increased by (Won)956,520 million to record the actual liability transferred to KRMC which was equivalent to the liability amount under Korean GAAP: There no longer exists a GAAP difference in 2009.

 

F-79


(k) Convertible Bonds

Under Korean GAAP, the value of conversion rights is recognized as capital surplus. Additionally, the convertible bonds are not subject to foreign currency translation as convertible bonds are regarded as non-monetary foreign currency liabilities.

Under U.S. GAAP, unless a conversion right is considered as an embedded derivative instrument requiring bifurcation, no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the convertible debt securities should be attributed to the conversion feature. The Company has determined that the conversion feature embedded in its convertible debt should not be bifurcated. Additionally, the convertible bonds are subject to foreign currency translation as these convertible bonds are regarded as monetary foreign currency liabilities under U.S. GAAP.

 

(l) Principles of Consolidation

Under Korean GAAP, noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries are presented as a component of shareholders’ equity in the consolidated statements of financial position.

Under U.S. GAAP, before the new consolidation guidance, noncontrolling interests were presented outside of the shareholders’ equity section in the consolidated statements of financial position. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new consolidation accounting guidance under U.S. GAAP, the requirements of which include that the ownership interest in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent shall be clearly identified and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity. The provisions of this guidance were prospective upon adoption, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements which are required to be retrospectively applied. As such, the Company has retroactively amended its presentation of its noncontrolling interests in its subsidiaries in the consolidated statements of financial position.

 

(m) Reserve for Self-insurance

Under Korean GAAP, in accordance with Accounting Regulations for Public Enterprise·Associate Government Agency, the Company provides a self-insurance reserve for loss from accident and liability to third parties that may arise in connection with the Company’s non-insured facilities. The self-insurance reserve is recorded until the amount meets a certain percentage of non-insured buildings and machinery.

U.S. GAAP considers loss from accidents and liability to third parties to be a contingency that is only provided for when a liability has been incurred. Contingent losses for self-insurance are generally recognized as a liability (undiscounted) when probable and reasonably estimable.

 

(n) Gain on Disposal of Subsidiaries

Under Korean GAAP, when the parent company disposes of a portion of its investment in a subsidiary but still retains a controlling interest, any gain or loss on disposal should be recognized in capital surplus.

Under U.S. GAAP, historically the Company elected the accounting guidance to recognize such gain or loss in other income, as part of earnings. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new consolidation accounting guidance under U.S. GAAP, which states that when changes in parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary occurs, related gain or loss on disposal should be recognized in capital surplus. As retroactive application of such guidance is prohibited, the Company has prospectively applied this guidance. Consequently, the Company recognized gains from a disposal of subsidiary in 2007 as other income and as such accounted it for as an adjustment from net income under Korean GAAP to that under U.S. GAAP. In 2009, the Company also recognized gains from a disposal of subsidiary which it recognized in capital surplus, as such no reconciliation adjustment between Korean GAAP and U.S. GAAP was necessary.

 

F-80


(o) Gain on Valuation of Non-marketable Securities

Under Korean GAAP, non-marketable securities should be classified as available-for-sale and carried at cost or fair value if applicable, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported as other comprehensive income until realized.

Under U.S. GAAP, investments in non-marketable equity securities without significant influence that do not have a readily determinable fair value are stated at cost using the cost method. As a result of the reconciliation of difference, the shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 increased by (Won)6,266 million and (Won)10,873 million, respectively, compared to that under Korean GAAP.

 

(p) Fair Value Hierarchy

Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the accounting guidance for fair value measurements.

The accounting guidance provides for the following:

 

  (i) Defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, and establishes a framework for measuring fair value;

 

  (ii) Establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the observable inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability at the measurement date;

 

  (iii) Requires consideration of nonperformance risk when valuing liabilities; and

 

  (iv) Expands disclosures about instruments measured at fair value.

The Company classifies fair value balances based on the fair value hierarchy defined by the accounting guidance for fair value measurements. The classification of valuation hierarchy for fair value measurements is based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1—Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2—Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable: and

Level 3—Instruments whose significant inputs are unobservable.

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies the Company used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Investment securities

The Company classified available-for-sale equity securities with marketability within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy if quoted prices are available in an active market. The Company generally classifies its securities within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy if quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets are not available. The Company determines the fair values of its securities using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flow models. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including time value and yield curve as well as other relevant economic measures.

Derivatives

Derivatives are composed of cross currency swap and interest rate swaps valued using internal models that use readily observable market inputs, such as foreign currency exchange rates and swap rates. The Company classified derivatives as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy.

 

F-81


Under Korean GAAP, fair value of derivatives is determined assuming the same nonperformance risk for the entity and the counterparty. However, U.S. GAAP requires consideration of both the entity’s nonperformance risk and counterparty nonperformance risk in determining the fair value of a derivative instrument. Due to such differences, for U.S. GAAP purpose, net loss increased by (Won)15,698 million and decreased by (Won)13,719 million, and other comprehensive income decreased by (Won)68,706 million and increased by (Won)50,856 million, compared to those under Korean GAAP for year ended December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Refer to Note 25 for disclosure of derivatives under Korean GAAP.

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2009:

 

    Korean Won (in millions)
    2008   2009
    Level 1   Level 2   Total   Level 1   Level 2   Total

Assets:

         

Investment securities

  (Won) 8,725   13,960   22,685   123,123   9,980   133,103

Financial derivatives

    —     1,240,790   1,240,790   —     880,096   880,096
                         

Total Assets

  (Won) 8,725   1,254,750   1,263,475   123,123   890,076   1,013,199
                         

Liabilities:

           

Financial derivatives

  (Won) —     19,997   19,997   —     36,996   36,996
                         

Total Liabilities

  (Won) —     19,997   19,997   —     36,996   36,996
                         

 

(q) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of significant financial instruments in which it is practicable to estimate that value:

 

  (i) Cash and cash equivalents, short term financial instruments, trade receivables, short-term borrowings, and trade payables: The carrying amount approximates fair value because of its nature or relatively short maturity.

 

  (ii) Investments: The fair value of investments with marketability is estimated based on quoted market prices for those or similar investments. For other investments for which there are no quoted market prices, it was not practicable to estimate the fair value of investments in unlisted companies.

 

  (iii) Long-term debt: The fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues, or on the current rates offered for debt of the same remaining maturities.

 

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The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s consolidated financial instruments as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

     Korea Won (in millions)  
     2008     2009  
     Carrying
Amount
    Fair value     Carrying
Amount
    Fair value  

Cash and cash equivalents

   (Won) 1,452,886      1,452,886      1,489,390      1,489,390   

Short-term financial instruments

     316,442      316,442      356,115      356,115   

Trade receivables and other account receivables

     3,532,552      3,532,552      4,531,443      4,531,443   

Investments:

        

Practicable to estimate fair value

     22,685      22,685      133,103      133,103   

Not practicable

     201,746      N/A      155,734      N/A   

Short-term borrowings

     (1,357,710   (1,357,710   (684,480   (684,480

Trade payables and other accounts payable

     (3,099,089   (3,099,089   (2,763,509   (2,763,509

Long-term other account payable

     (3,576,369   (3,576,369   (3,576,369   (3,576,369

Long-term debt, including current portion

     (27,763,594   (27,907,314   (33,634,756   (33,221,281

 

(r) Supplementary U.S. GAAP Disclosures

The Company’s supplementary information for the statement of cash flows is as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)    Translation into
U.S.  Dollars
(Note 2)

(in thousands)
   2007    2008    2009    2009

Interest paid, net of capitalized portion

   (Won) 903,916    928,119    1,378,799    $ 1,184,892

Income taxes paid

     1,385,254    699,070    428,371      368,127

 

(s) Scope of Equity Method

Under Korean GAAP, a company should account for its investment under the equity method of accounting, if it has significant influence. A company is presumed to have significant influence if it has the ability to nominate a board member, regardless of overall ownership percentage or other conditions that would be considered under U.S. GAAP.

Under U.S GAAP, to presume if a company has significant influence or not, the followings are some of the conditions it would consider; ability to nominate a board member, such board member’s voting power and limitation (if any), overall ownership percentage, influence compared to other investors, relationship between the investor and investee and etc. Due to such difference in guidance and practice, certain investments which are accounted for under the equity method under K GAAP, are accounted for as an available-for-sale investment under the cost basis with unrealized gains and losses reported as other comprehensive income until realized at each reporting date under U.S. GAAP. Under U.S. GAAP, net income increased by (Won)17,788 million and accumulated other comprehensive income increased by (Won)2,787, compared to that under Korean GAAP for year ended December 31, 2009.

 

(t) Recent Changes in U.S. GAAP

In December 2007, the FASB issued the revised Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, “Business Combinations”, which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business

 

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combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest; recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. This revised guidance is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of this revised guidance did not have a material impact on its results from operations or financial condition.

In December 2007, the FASB amended ASC 810, “Consolidation” for noncontrolling interests in consolidated financial statements. This amendment requires the ownership interest in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent be clearly identified and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity; the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of earnings; and changes in a parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling financial interest in its subsidiary be accounted for consistently. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The provisions of this amendment were prospective upon adoption, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements. The Company applied the provisions prospectively beginning January 1, 2009 while amendments related to the presentation and disclosure requirements have been applied retrospectively to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. See Note 38(l) for presentation and disclosures required under ASC 810.

In March 2008, the FASB amended and expanded the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities required under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging. The amendments to ASC 815 requires increased qualitative, quantitative, and credit-risk disclosures. Required qualitative disclosures include: (1) How and why an entity is using a derivative instrument or hedging activity (e.g., for risk management or other purposes), (2) How the entity is accounting for its derivative instrument and hedged items under ASC 815 (and related guidance), and (3) How the instrument affects the entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The Company adopted these disclosure requirements as of January 1, 2009. The adoption of this amendment to ASC 815 only affected the Company’s disclosures of derivative instruments and hedging activities, and did not have a material impact on its results from operations or financial position. See related Korean GAAP disclosure at Note 25 which is inclusive of such disclosures required under ASC 815.

In May 2008, the FASB updated ASC 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options” for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement). This guidance clarifies that convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement), not addressed by the accounting guidance for convertible debt and debt issued with stock purchase warrants. Additionally, this guidance specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 on a retrospective basis with no early adoption option. The Company’s adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on its results from operations or financial condition.

In June 2008, the FASB ratified the consensus reached by ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging: Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock”. Under this guidance, an instrument (or embedded feature) would not be considered indexed to an entity’s own stock if its settlement amount is affected by variables other than those used to determine the fair value of a “plain vanilla” option or forward contract on equity shares, or if the instrument contains a feature (such as a leverage factor) that increases exposure to those variables. An equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) would not be considered indexed to the entity’s own stock if the strike price is denominated in a currency other than the issuer’s functional currency. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted this guidance. Such adoption did not have a material impact on its results from operations or financial condition.

 

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In June 2009, the FASB amended ASC 105, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”, which identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP. On the effective date of the changes to ASC 105, which was for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009, the ASC supersedes all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards. Under the ASC, all of its content carries the same level of authority and the GAAP hierarchy includes only two levels of GAAP: authoritative and non-authoritative. While the adoption of the ASC did not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations, the ASC impacted the references to authoritative and non-authoritative accounting literature contained within the Notes.

In September and August 2009, respectively, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Updates (ASU) 2009-12, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure, and ASU 2009-05, “Measuring Liabilities at Fair Value”. ASU 2009-12 provides guidance for the fair value measurement of investments in certain entities that calculate the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) determined as of the reporting entity’s measurement date. Certain attributes of the investment (such as restrictions on redemption) and transaction prices from principal-to-principal or brokered transactions will not be considered in measuring the fair value of the investment. The amendments in this standard are effective for interim and annual periods ending after December 15, 2009. The adoption of ASU 2009-12 did not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

ASU 2009-05 provides guidance on measuring the fair value of liabilities under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. This standard clarifies that in the absence of a quoted price in an active market for an identical liability at the measurement date, companies may apply approaches that use the quoted price of an investment in the identical liability or similar liabilities traded as assets or other valuation techniques consistent with the fair-value measurement principles in ASC 820. The standard permits fair value measurements of liabilities that are based on the price that a company would pay to transfer the liability to a new obligor. It also permits a company to measure the fair value of liabilities using an estimate of the price it would receive to enter into the liability at that date. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after August 27, 2009 and applies to all fair-value measurements of liabilities required by GAAP. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2009, the FASB revised ASC 855, “Subsequent Events”. This guidance establishes standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the end of the reporting period but before the date that the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. Specifically, the Statement sets forth (1) the period after the end of the reporting period during which management of a reporting entity will evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, (2) the circumstances under which an entity will recognize events or transactions occurring after the end of the reporting period in its financial statements and (3) the disclosures that an entity will make about events or transactions that occurred after the end of the reporting period. This Standard is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company’s adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on its results from operations or financial condition.

In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-06, “Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements”. The ASU requires disclosing the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and 2 fair value measurements and to describe the reasons for the transfers. The disclosures are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009. Additionally, disclosures of the gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements activity in Level 3 fair value measurements will be required for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-09 “Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements”, which amends ASC 855 to address certain implementation issues related to an entity’s

 

F-85


requirement to perform and disclose subsequent-events procedures. The ASU adds a definition of the term “SEC filer” to the ASC Master Glossary and requires (1) SEC filers and (2) conduit debt obligors for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market to evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are issued. All other entities are required to evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are available to be issued. The guidance is effective for interim or annual periods ending after June 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-02 “Accounting and Reporting for Decreases in Ownership of Subsidiary—a Scope Clarification”, in response to practice issues entities had encountered in applying the decrease-in-ownership provisions in ASC 810-10. The ASU clarifies that the decrease-in-ownership provisions of ASC 810-10 and related guidance apply to (1) a “subsidiary or group of assets that is a business or nonprofit activity (2) a subsidiary or group of assets “that is a business or nonprofit activity that is transferred to an equity method investee or joint venture and (3) an exchange of a group of assets that constitutes a business or nonprofit activity for a noncontrolling interest in an entity (including an equity method investee or joint venture). In addition, the ASU clarifies that the decrease-in-ownership guidance does not apply to the sales of in-substance real estate or conveyances of oil and gas mineral rights, even if these transactions involve businesses. Finally, the ASU expands the disclosures required upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary. An entity will be required to follow the amended guidance beginning in the period that it first adopts ASC 810-10. For those entities that have already adopted ASC 810-10, the amendments are effective at the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period ending on or after December 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption may have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

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(u) Effect on Net Income and Shareholders’ Equity

The effects of the significant adjustments to net income and shareholders’ equity that are required if U.S. GAAP were applied instead of Korean GAAP are summarized as follows:

 

    Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
    2007     2008     2009     2009  

NET INCOME (LOSS) UNDER KOREAN GAAP

  (Won) 1,467,168      (2,914,039   (47,732   $ (41,018

ADJUSTMENTS:

       

OPERATING INCOME

       

Asset revaluation (Note 38(b))

    330,115      341,605      286,749        246,422   

Special depreciation (Note 38(c))

    (5,328   (2,776   —          —     

Regulated operation (Note 38(d))

    (2,135   157,423      167,557        143,993   

Capitalized foreign currency translation
(Note 38(f))

    151,088      134,714      123,738        106,336   

Reversal of eliminated profit on transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates (Note 38(e))

    (1,461   (7,631   (8,464     (7,274

Liabilities for decommissioning costs and capitalized asset retirement costs (Note 38(j))

    81,335      (844,988   54,192        46,571   

Reserve for self-insurance (Note 38(m))

    5,331      5,995      6,148        5,283   

Revenue recognition (Note 38(a))

    52,057      73,784      187,372        161,021   

Intangible assets (Note 38(g))

    (44,013   (4,965   15,135        13,006   

Classification differences in the consolidated statements of income(*1)

    (157,762   (25,807   (3,113     (2,675

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)

       

Asset revaluation—equity investments
(Note 38(b))

    13,349      12,339      12,257        10,533   

Capitalized foreign currency translation
(Note 38(f))

    2,381      (863   (6,284     (5,400

Convertible bonds (Note 38(k))

    (97,580   (520,731   659,405        566,670   

Gain on disposal of subsidiaries (Note 38(n))

    63,209      —        —          —     

Equity income of affiliates(*2)

    (132,914   (110,871   (52,516     (45,130

Scope of equity method (Note 38(s))

    —        —        17,788        15,286   

Credit valuation adjustment (Note 38(p))

    —        (15,698   13,719        11,790   

Classification differences in the consolidated statements of income(*1)

    157,762      25,807      3,113        2,675   

INCOME TAX EXPENSES

       

Deferred income taxes

    (120,192   (198,222   (336,739     (289,382

Change in enacted tax rates (Note 38(h))

    —        6,366      —          —     

FIN48 Liabilities (Note 38(i))

    (2,876   (178   6,449        5,542   

Tax effect of gain on disposal of subsidiaries (Note 38(n))

    (16,264   —        —          —     

Tax effect of equity income of affiliates(*2)

    24,944      17,492      2,624        2,254   

EQUITY INCOME OF AFFILIATES, NET OF
TAX(*2)

    107,970      93,379      49,892        42,875   
                           

NET INCOME (LOSS) UNDER U.S. GAAP

  (Won) 1,876,184      (3,777,865   1,151,290      $ 989,378   
                           

CONTROLLING INTEREST UNDER U.S. GAAP

  (Won) 1,835,473      (3,819,165   1,102,306      $ 947,283   

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST UNDER
U.S. GAAP

  (Won) 40,711      41,300      48,984      $ 42,095   

 

(*1) Certain donations and gain or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment are recorded in other income or expenses under Korean GAAP while recorded in operating expenses under U.S. GAAP. This reclassification does not affect the net income under U.S. GAAP.

 

(*2) Under Korean GAAP, equity income of affiliates is presented as other income, while it is shown after income tax expense under U.S. GAAP.

 

F-87


     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
   2008     2009     2009  

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY UNDER KOREAN GAAP ADJUSTMENTS:

   (Won) 41,274,814      41,403,807      $ 35,580,980   

Current Asset

      

Account Receivables

      

Revenue recognition (Note 38(a))

     1,069,171      1,256,543        1,079,829   

UTILITY PLANT

      

Asset revaluation (Note 38(b))

     (6,425,196   (6,138,447     (5,275,166

Capitalized asset retirement costs (Note 38(j))

     (866,658   (825,000     (708,976

Construction in progress (Note 38(g))

     300,000      —          —     

Capitalized foreign currency translation (Note 38(f))

     (1,046,947   (929,493     (798,774

Reversal of eliminated profit on transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates (Note 38(e))

     107,918      99,454        85,467   

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

      

Future radioactive wastes repository sites usage rights (Note 38(g))

     (300,000   —          —     

Research and development cost (Note 38(g))

     (48,978   (33,843     (29,083

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

      

Asset revaluation (Note 38(b))

     (36,446   (24,189     (20,787

Available-for-sale securities (Note 38(o))

     6,266      10,873        9,344   

Scope of equity method (Note 38(s))

     —        20,575        17,681   

FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES

      

Credit valuation adjustments (Note 38(p))

     (85,759   (20,387     (17,520

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

     1,358,236      1,007,101        865,467   

LIABILITIES

      

Liabilities for decommissioning costs (Note 38(j))

     1,397,480      1,410,014        1,211,716   

Regulated operation (Note 38(d))

     (573,917   (406,360     (349,212

Reserve for self-insurance (Note 38(m))

     115,268      121,416        104,341   

Convertible bonds (Note 38(k))

     (687,261   (27,856     (23,938

FIN48 Liabilities (Note 38(i))

     (16,231   (8,200     (7,047

Credit valuation adjustments (Note 38(p))

     1,356      558        480   
                      

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY UNDER U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 35,543,116      36,916,566      $ 31,724,802   
                      

CONTROLLING INTEREST UNDER U.S. GAAP

     35,230,171      36,539,993        31,401,188   

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST UNDER U.S. GAAP

     312,945      376,573        323,614   

 

F-88


The reconciliation of operating income from Korean GAAP to U.S. GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 is as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
     2007     2008     2009     2009  

Operating income (loss) under Korean GAAP

   (Won) 2,821,675      (2,798,073   1,714,822      $ 1,473,658   

Asset revaluation

     330,115      341,605      286,749        246,422   

Special depreciation

     (5,328   (2,776   —          —     

Regulated operation

     (2,135   157,423      167,557        143,993   

Capitalized foreign currency translation

     151,088      134,714      123,738        106,336   

Reversal of eliminated profit on transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates

     (1,461   (7,631   (8,464     (7,274

Asset retirement obligation

     81,335      (844,988   54,192        46,571   

Reserve for self-insurance

     5,331      5,995      6,148        5,283   

Revenue recognition

     52,057      73,784      187,372        161,021   

Research and development cost

     (44,013   (4,965   15,135        13,006   

Classification differences in the consolidated statements of income

     (157,762   (25,807   (3,113     (2,675
                            

Operating income (loss) under U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 3,230,902      (2,970,719   2,544,136      $ 2,186,341   
                            

The reconciliation of utility plant from Korean GAAP to U.S. GAAP at December 31, 2008 and 2009 is as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
     2008     2009     2009  

Utility plant, net under Korean GAAP

   (Won) 69,795,285      74,033,431      $ 63,621,733   

Asset revaluation

     (6,425,196   (6,138,447     (5,275,166

Capitalized asset retirement costs

     (866,658   (825,000     (708,976

Construction in-progress

     300,000      —          —     

Capitalized foreign currency translation

     (1,046,947   (929,493     (798,774

Reversal of eliminated profit on transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates

     107,918      99,454        85,467   
                      

Utility plant, net under U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 61,864,402      66,239,945      $ 56,924,284   
                      

The reconciliation of total assets from Korean GAAP to U.S. GAAP at December 31, 2008 and 2009 is as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
     2008     2009     2009  

Total assets under Korean GAAP

   (Won) 88,198,610      93,208,031      $ 80,099,713   

Adjustments:

      

Account Receivables

     1,069,171      1,256,543        1,079,829   

Utility Plant

     (7,930,883   (7,793,486     (6,697,449

Intangible assets

     (348,978   (33,843     (29,083

Investment securities

     (30,180   7,259        6,238   

Financial derivatives

     (85,759   (20,387     (17,520

Deferred income taxes

     1,358,236      1,007,101        865,467   
                      

Total assets under U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 82,230,217      87,631,218        75,307,195   
                      

 

F-89


The tax effects of temporary differences that resulted in significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2008 and 2009, computed under U.S. GAAP, and the description of the financial statement items that created these differences are as follows:

 

     Korean Won (in millions)     Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands)
 
     2008     2009     2009  

Deferred tax assets adjustments:

      

Asset revaluation

   (Won) 1,240,849      1,178,901      $ 1,013,106   

Convertible bond

     151,197      6,128        5,266   

Regulated operation

     126,262      89,399        76,827   

Capitalized foreign currency translation

     230,328      204,488        175,730   

Research and development cost

     10,775      7,445        6,398   

FIN48 Liabilities

     6,256      4,674        4,016   

Scope of equity method

     —        14,119        12,133   

Credit valuation adjustments

     18,867      4,485        3,854   
                      

Total deferred tax assets adjustments

     1,784,534      1,509,639        1,297,330   
                      

Deferred tax liabilities adjustments:

      

Asset retirement obligation, net

     (116,781   (128,703     (110,603

Reserve for self insurance

     (25,359   (26,712     (22,955

Reversal of eliminated profit on transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates

     (23,742   (21,880     (18,803

Revenue Recognition

     (258,739   (304,083     (261,318

Available-for-sale securities

     (1,379   (2,392     (2,055

Scope of equity method

     —        (18,645     (16,023

Credit valuation adjustments

     (298   (123     (106
                      

Total deferred tax liabilities adjustments

   (Won) (426,298   (502,538   $ (431,863
                      

Net deferred tax assets adjustments:

     1,358,236      1,007,101      $ 865,467   
                      

Net deferred tax assets under Korean GAAP

   (Won) 1,318,849      1,052,854      $ 904,786   
                      

Net deferred tax assets under U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 2,677,085      2,059,955      $ 1,770,254   
                      

 

F-90


Basic earnings (loss) per share (EPS) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity. Earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 under U.S. GAAP are as follows:

 

     Korean Won
(in millions, except per share data)
   Translation into
U.S.  dollars (Note 2)
(in thousands,
except per share data)
     2007    2008     2009    2009

Controlling interest under U.S. GAAP (a)

   (Won) 1,835,473    (3,819,165   1,102,306    $ 947,283
                        

Effect of dilutive securities

     24,283    —        77      67
                        

Adjusted net income (b)

   (Won) 1,859,756    (3,819,165   1,102,383    $ 947,350
                        

Weighted-average shares (c)

     621,717,622    622,637,717      622,637,717      622,637,717

Effect dilutive securities

     9,497,722    —        498,802      498,802
                        

Adjusted weighted average shares (d)

     631,215,344    622,637,717      623,136,519      623,136,519
                        

Basic earnings (loss) per share under U.S. GAAP (a)/(c)

   (Won) 2,952    (6,134   1,770    $ 1.52
                        

Diluted earnings (loss) per share under U.S. GAAP (b)/(d)(*)

   (Won) 2,946    (6,134   1,769    $ 1.52
                        

Basic earnings (loss) per ADS under U.S. GAAP

   (Won) 1,476    (3,067   885    $ 0.76
                        

Diluted earnings (loss) per ADS under U.S. GAAP(*)

   (Won) 1,473    (3,067   884    $ 0.76
                        

 

(*) In 2008, Euro and JPY denominated exchangeable bonds issued on November 21, 2006 that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the future were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because those would have been antidilutive.

 

F-91


INDEX OF EXHIBITS

 

  1.1       Articles of Incorporation, as amended on March 19, 2010 (in English)†
  2.1       Form of Deposit Agreement*
  8.1       List of Subsidiaries†
  12.1       Certifications of our Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Certifications under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  12.2       Certifications of our Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Certifications under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  13.1       Certifications of our Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350) (Certifications under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  13.2       Certifications of our Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350) (Certifications under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)
  15.1       The Korea Electric Power Corporation Act (in English)**
  15.2       Enforcement Decree of the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act (in Korean and English)***
  15.3       Government-Invested Enterprise Management Basic Act of 1983, as amended (in Korean and English)***
  15.4       Enforcement Decree of the Government-Invested Enterprise Management Basic Act of 1983, as amended (in Korean and English)***

 

Incorporated by reference to the Original Annual Report.
* Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-6 with respect to the ADSs, registered under Registration No. 33-84612.
** Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002.
*** Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-3 filed on March 8, 2000, registered under Registration No. 333-9180.

 

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