This proxy statement is issued by RR Donnelley in connection with the 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled for May 18, 2017. This proxy statement and accompanying proxy card are first being mailed to stockholders on or about April 10, 2017.

PROPOSALS: 1. Election of Directors

The names of the nominees, along with their present positions, their principal occupations, their current directorships held with other public corporations, as well as such directorships held during the past five years, their ages and the year first elected as a director, among other things, are set forth below.

BOARD SKILLS KEY

Financial

Global Business

Governance

Leadership

Sales & Marketing

Strategy

PROPOSALS: 2. Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation

BOARD SKILLS KEY

Financial

Global Business

Governance

Leadership

Sales & Marketing

Strategy

In 2016, the Board met fifteen times. Each director of the Company during 2016 attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the Board and those committees of which the director was a member during the period he or she served as a director.

If any nominee does not stand for election, proxies voting for that nominee may be voted for a substitute nominee selected by the Board. The Board may also choose to reduce the number of directors to be elected at the meeting.

Only directors that receive a majority of the votes cast “FOR” their election will be elected. In the event that an incumbent director is not reelected, the Company’s Principles of Corporate Governance require that director to promptly tender his or her resignation. The Board will accept this resignation unless it determines that the best interests of the Company and its stockholders would not be best served by doing so.

The Board recommends that the stockholders vote FOR each of our nominees for director.

PROPOSALS: 2. Advisory Vote to Approve Executive Compensation

This proposal gives our stockholders the opportunity to express their views on the overall compensation of our NEOs and the philosophy, policies and practices described in this proxy statement.

The Say-on-Pay vote is an advisory vote only and, therefore, it will not bind the Company or our Board. However, the Board and the HR Committee will consider the voting results as appropriate when making future decisions regarding executive compensation.

The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Company’s common stock present in person or by proxy at the 2017 Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the advisory resolution on executive compensation is required to approve the proposal.

For the reasons discussed above, we are asking our stockholders to indicate their support for our NEOs’ compensation by voting FOR the following resolution at the 2017 Annual Meeting:

“RESOLVED, that the Company’s stockholders approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the named executive officers, as disclosed in this Proxy Statement pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Compensation Discussion & Analysis, the 2016 Summary Compensation Table and the other related tables and disclosures in this Proxy Statement.”

The Board recommends that the stockholders vote FOR approval, on an advisory basis, of the compensation of our NEOs as disclosed in this proxy statement.

PROPOSALS: 5. Approval of the 2017 Performance Incentive Plan

5. APPROVAL OF THE 2017 PERFORMANCE INCENTIVE PLAN

On April 6, 2017, the Board approved, and the Board proposes that our stockholders approve, our new RR Donnelley & Sons Company 2017 Performance Incentive Plan (the “2017 PIP”). The 2017 PIP is substantially similar to the RR Donnelley & Sons Company 2012 Performance Incentive Plan (the “2012 PIP”), which was approved by our stockholders at our 2012 Annual Meeting.

The 2017 PIP will:

This proposal is also intended to approve the material terms of the performance goals to continue allowing the Company to grant performance awards qualified as “performance-based” compensation for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (“Section 162(m)”).

If approved, the 2017 PIP will become effective as of May 18, 2017 (the “Effective Date”) and apply to all awards made on or after the Effective Date. We believe approval of the 2017 PIP is necessary to ensure that the Company may continue to grant equity-based awards as part of its compensation programs and to reflect current best practices for stock incentive plans.

A total of 10,000,000¹ shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were previously reserved for awards under the 2012 PIP. As of the record date, approximately 166,000 shares of common stock remained available for the future grant of awards under the 2012 PIP. If the 2017 PIP is approved by stockholders, the 2012 PIP will be frozen and these shares will not be available for issuance under the 2017 PIP. Subject to stockholder approval of the 2017 PIP, on the Effective Date, there will be 3,225,000 shares available for future awards under the 2017 PIP.

We intend to register the shares authorized under the 2017 PIP under the Securities Act of 1933. If stockholders do not approve the 2017 PIP, then (i) the 2012 PIP will remain outstanding and continue as currently in effect, and (ii) the number of shares that may be issued under the 2012 PIP for stock-based awards will be approximately 166,000 (estimated as of March 31, 2017), thereby limiting the Company’s ability to make equity grants to the Company’s directors and employees. Failure to approve the 2017 PIP will not affect the rights of existing awards or award holders under the 2012 PIP.

Our equity-based compensation model results in a “burn rate” as indicated in the chart below. All values in the chart reflect the Reverse Split.

¹ On October 1, 2016, the Company conducted a 1 for 3 reverse stock split (the “Reverse Split”). As a result of the Reverse Split, the number of shares authorized under the 2012 PIP was decreased to 3,333,333 shares. Outstanding awards were updated to reflect the Reverse Split.

PROPOSALS: 5. Approval of the 2017 Performance Incentive Plan

Approval of the 2017 PIP will also serve to approve the material terms of the performance goals for purposes of Section 162(m). The effectiveness of the 2012 stockholder approval of the material terms of the 2012 PIP’s performance goals would otherwise expire in 2017 for Section 162(m) purposes. If the 2017 PIP and performance goals are approved, the effectiveness of the approval will last until 2022 for Section 162(m) purposes. If the approval otherwise expires, some of the compensation paid to the Company’s senior executives may not be deductible to the Company, resulting in additional taxable income for the Company.

Purposes of the 2017 PIP

The 2017 PIP is intended to provide incentives:

Summary Description of the 2017 PIP

Under the 2017 PIP, the Company may grant stock options, including incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, stock units and cash awards, as discussed in greater detail below. The following description of the 2017 PIP is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the 2017 PIP, which is attached as Appendix A to this proxy statement.

Participants. Non-employee directors (of which there will be six following the Annual Meeting), certain employees (approximately 240) and other individuals who provide services to the Company, are eligible to participate in the 2017 PIP.

Administration. The 2017 PIP will be generally administered by a committee designated by the Board (the “Plan Committee”), but the Board may, in its discretion, administer the 2017 PIP or grant awards. Each member of the Plan Committee is a director that the Board has determined to be an “outside director” under Section 162(m), a “non-employee director” under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and “independent” for purposes of the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) listing rules.

The Plan Committee may select eligible participants and determine the terms and conditions of each grant and award. All awards, except those subject to performance-based vesting conditions over a performance period of at least one year or those to non-employee directors, shall have a minimum vesting period of at least three years from the date of grant (such vesting may occur in full at the end of, or in installments over, the three-year period). Up to 5% of the shares available for grant may be granted with a minimum vesting period of less than three years, and the Plan Committee may provide for early vesting upon the death, permanent or total disability, retirement or termination of service of the award recipient. “Double trigger” vesting shall occur with acceleration upon a Change in Control (as defined in the 2017 PIP) and the grantee’s termination without Cause or for Good Reason (each as defined in the applicable award agreement).

Each grant and award will be evidenced by an award agreement approved by the Plan Committee. The Plan Committee generally cannot reprice any stock option or other award granted under the 2017 PIP. Except with respect to grants to (i) officers of the Company who are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, (ii) a person whose compensation is likely to be subject to the $1 million deduction limit under Section 162(m) (described below under “U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences”) or (iii) persons who are not employees of the Company, the Plan Committee may delegate some or all of its power and authority to administer the 2017 PIP to the chief executive officer or other executive officer of the Company.

Available Shares. Approximately 3,225,000 shares of Company common stock will be available under the 2017 PIP for grants and awards to eligible participants, subject to adjustment in the event of certain corporate transactions that affect the capitalization of the Company. In general, shares subject to a grant or award under the 2017 PIP which are not issued or delivered would again be available for grant. However, shares tendered or withheld upon exercise, vesting, settlement of an award or upon any other event to pay the exercise price or tax withholding and shares purchased by the Company using the proceeds from the exercise of a stock option will not be available for future issuance. Upon exercise of a SAR, the total number of shares remaining available for issuance under the 2017 PIP will be reduced by the gross number of shares for which the SAR is exercised. The price of a share of our common stock on the NYSE at the close of trading on March 31, 2017 was $12.11.

Award Limits. The maximum number of shares of common stock with respect to which options, SARs or a combination thereof may be granted during any calendar year to any person is 1,500,000. With respect to performance awards that the Plan Committee desires to be eligible for deduction in excess of the $1,000,000 limit under Section 162(m), the maximum compensation payable pursuant to such awards granted during any calendar year cannot exceed (i) 900,000 shares of common stock or (ii) $9,000,000. No non-employee director may be granted (in any calendar year) compensation with a value in excess of $1,000,000, with the value of any equity-based awards based on such award’s accounting grant date value.

Termination and Amendment. Unless previously terminated by the Board, the 2017 PIP will terminate on the date on which no shares remain available for grants or awards. Termination will not affect the rights of any participant under grants or awards made prior to termination. The Board may amend the 2017 PIP at any time, but no amendment may be made without stockholder approval if required by any applicable law, rule or regulation, including Section 162(m), if it would increase the number of shares of Company common stock available under the 2017 PIP or permit repricing of awards.

PROPOSALS: 5. Approval of the 2017 Performance Incentive Plan

SARs. A participant will not recognize any income upon the grant of SARs. A participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income upon exercise of a SAR in an amount equal to the fair market value of any shares delivered and the amount of cash paid by the Company upon such exercise, and the Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction.

Restricted Stock. A participant will not recognize any income at the time of the grant of shares of restricted stock (unless the participant makes an election to be taxed at the time of grant), and neither the Company nor its subsidiaries will be entitled to a tax deduction at such time. If the participant elects to be taxed at the time the restricted stock is granted, the participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income at the time of the grant equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares at such time over the amount, if any, paid for such shares. If such election is made, a participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income at the time the forfeiture conditions on the restricted stock lapse in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares at such time over the amount, if any, paid for such shares. The Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction at the time the ordinary income is recognized by a participant, except to the extent limited by Section 162(m). In addition, a participant receiving dividends with respect to restricted stock for which the above-described election has not been made and prior to the time the forfeiture conditions lapse will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income, rather than dividend income, in an amount equal to the dividends paid, and the Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction, except to the extent limited by Section 162(m).

Stock Units. A participant will not recognize any income at the time of the grant of stock units, and neither the Company nor its subsidiaries will be entitled to a tax deduction at such time. A participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income at the time the Company common stock is delivered under the stock units in an amount equal to the fair market value of such shares. The Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction at the time the ordinary income is recognized by a participant, except to the extent the limit of Section 162(m) applies. A participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income when amounts equal to dividend equivalents and any other distributions attributable to stock units are paid, and the Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction, except to the extent limited by Section 162(m).

Cash Bonus Awards. A participant will not recognize any income upon the grant of a bonus award payable in cash, and neither the Company nor its subsidiaries will be entitled to a tax deduction at such time. At the time such award is paid, the participant will recognize compensation taxable as ordinary income in an amount equal to any cash paid by the Company, and the Company or one of its subsidiaries generally will be entitled to a corresponding deduction, except to the extent limited by Section 162(m).

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. In general, Section 162(m) denies a publicly held corporation a federal income tax deduction for compensation in excess of $1 million per year per person paid to its “covered employees,” subject to certain exceptions. “Performance-based” compensation is not subject to the $1 million deduction limit. To qualify as performance-based compensation: (i) the compensation must be subject to achievement of performance goals established by a committee consisting solely of two or more outside directors,” (ii) the material terms under which the compensation is to be paid, including the performance goals, must be approved by a majority of the corporation’s stockholders and (iii) the Plan Committee must certify that the applicable performance goals were satisfied before payment of any performance-based compensation is made. The Company reserves the right to pay compensation that is not deductible.

Section 409A. Awards made under the 2017 PIP that are considered to include deferred compensation for purposes of Section 409A of the Code will be interpreted, administered and construed to comply with the requirements of Section 409A to avoid adverse tax consequences to recipients. The Company intends to structure any awards under the 2017 PIP so that the requirements under Section 409A are either satisfied or are not applicable.

The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Company’s common stock present in person or by proxy at the 2017 Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the proposal is required to approve the 2017 PIP.

The Board of Directors recommends that the stockholders vote FOR the approval of the 2017 Performance Incentive Plan.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT HOW TO VOTE YOUR PROXY

THE BOARD’S COMMITTEES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

The Board has three standing committees. The members of those committees and the committees’ responsibilities are described below. Each committee operates under a written charter that is reviewed annually and is posted on the Company’s website at the following address: www.rrdonnelley.com. A print copy of each charter is available upon request.

After consummation of the Spinoff on October 1, 2016, the Board revised membership of the board committees. The table below reflects the membership of the committees and their primary responsibilities following these changes.

COMPANY INFORMATION

Willis Towers Watson reported directly to the HR Committee and not to management on executive officer and director compensation matters. The Willis Towers Watson teams that provide health and welfare consulting services to us are separate from the Willis Towers Watson team that provides executive and director compensation consulting services. Management, including the Company’s executive officers, develops preliminary recommendations regarding compensation matters with respect to the executive officers, other than the chief executive officer, for HR Committee review. The HR Committee then reviews management’s preliminary recommendations and makes final compensation decisions. Willis Towers Watson advised the HR Committee on the compensation levels of the Company’s executive officers and provided advice related to proposed compensation.

For 2017, the Chairman of the HR Committee, along with the Board, worked with Willis Tower Watson to develop preliminary recommendations regarding compensation with respect to our chief executive officer. The HR Committee then reviewed these recommendations and made the final compensation decisions with respect to the CEO. All compensation decisions approved by the HR Committee are shared with the Board.

The HR Committee, with the assistance of its consultants, has reviewed and evaluated the Company’s executive and employee compensation practices and has concluded, based on this review, that any risks associated with such practices are not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company. The determination primarily took into account the balance of cash and equity payouts, the balance of annual and long-term incentives, the type of performance metrics used, incentive plan payout leverage, avoidance of uncapped rewards, multi-year vesting for equity awards, use of stock ownership requirements for senior management and the HR Committee’s oversight of all executive compensation programs. See Compensation Discussion and Analysis beginning on page 24 of this proxy statement for further information regarding executive compensation decisions.

POLICY ON ATTENDANCE AT STOCKHOLDER MEETINGS

Directors are expected to attend in person regularly scheduled meetings of stockholders, except when circumstances prevent such attendance. All of the members of the Board attended the Company’s 2016 Annual Meeting in person.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Governance Highlights

The Company has a practice of engaging in dialogue with our stockholders about various corporate governance topics. Insights we have gained from these discussions over the years have been helpful to the Board and its committees as they consider and adopt policies and other governance initiatives. In recent years the Company has undertaken a number of governance initiatives including:

COMPANY INFORMATION

the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee may recommend to the Board, and the Board may approve, a single extension of the term of a chair of the Board or any committee for an additional three years once the chair’s initial three-year term has ended and the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee may recommend to the Board, and the Board may approve, extending the term of the chair of the Board or any committee beyond six years if it deems such an extension to be in the best interest of the stockholders and the Company. In addition, service as a chair of the Board or any committee prior to the 2014 Annual Meeting shall not be considered for purposes of this limitation.

Board and Committee Evaluations

The Board undertakes a three part annual evaluation process that is coordinated by the chair of the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee which includes: (1) Board, committee and individual self-evaluation questionnaires; (2) evaluations completed by applicable members of management of the Board and its committees; and (3) interviews of each director conducted by a third-party governance expert. Results of the individual written evaluations are shared with the chair of the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee, the chair of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer, after which it is determined whether discussions with any individual director concerning performance are necessary. Results are then shared with the chairs of the applicable committees before being sent to the Board and each committee for their review. The chair of the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee discusses the results from the interviews with the third-party expert and summarizes such results and presents them to the Board. Because of the consummation of the Spinoff and the resulting changes to the Board, the Board did not complete its annual evaluation process for 2016. The evaluation will be conducted in 2017.

Board’s Role in Risk Oversight

The Board is actively involved in oversight of risks inherent in the operation of the Company’s businesses and the implementation of its strategic plan. The Board performs this oversight role by using several different levels of review. In connection with its reviews of the operations of the Company’s business units and corporate functions, the Board addresses the primary risks associated with those units and functions. In addition, the Board reviews the key risks associated with the Company’s strategic plan annually and regularly throughout the year as part of its consideration of the strategic direction of the Company as well as reviewing the output of the Company’s risk management process each year.

The Board has delegated to the Audit Committee oversight of the Company’s risk management process. Among its duties, the Audit Committee reviews with management (a) Company policies with respect to risk assessment and management of risks that may be material to the Company, (b) the Company’s system of disclosure controls and system of internal controls over financial reporting, and (c) the Company’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

Each of the other Board committees also oversees the management of Company risks that fall within such committee’s areas of responsibility. In performing this function, each committee has full access to management, as well as the ability to engage advisors, and each committee reports back to the full Board. The Audit Committee oversees risks related to the Company’s financial statements, the financial reporting process, other financial matters, certain compliance issues and accounting and legal matters. The Audit Committee, along with the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee, is also responsible for reviewing certain major legislative and regulatory developments that could materially impact the Company’s contingent liabilities and risks. The Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee also oversees risks related to the Company’s governance structure and processes, related person transactions, certain compliance issues and Board and committee structure to ensure appropriate oversight of risk. The HR Committee considers risks related to the attraction and retention of key management and employees and risks relating to the design of compensation programs and arrangements, as well as developmental and succession planning for possible successors to the position of chief executive officer and planning for other key senior management positions.

Nomination of Directors

It is the policy of the Corporate Responsibility & Governance Committee to consider candidates for director recommended by stockholders. In order to recommend a candidate, stockholders must submit the individual’s name and qualifications in writing to the committee (in care of the Secretary at the Company’s principal executive offices at 35 West Wacker Drive, 36^th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60601 and otherwise in accordance with the procedures outlined under Submitting Stockholder Proposals and Nominations for 2018 Annual Meeting on page 57 of this proxy statement. The committee evaluates candidates recommended for director by stockholders in the same way that it evaluates any other candidate. The committee also considers candidates recommended by management and members of the Board as well as nominees recommended by stockholders.

Except as noted below, the table below lists the beneficial ownership of common stock as of March 31, 2017 by all directors and nominees, each of the persons named in the tables under Executive Compensation below, and the directors and executive officers as a group. The table also lists all institutions and individuals known to hold more than 5% of the Company’s common stock, which information has been obtained from filings pursuant to Sections 13(d) and (g) of the Exchange Act. Except as otherwise indicated below, each of the entities or persons named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all common stock beneficially owned set forth opposite their name. Unless otherwise indicated, the percentages shown are based on outstanding shares of common stock as of March 31, 2017. Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of each stockholder listed below is RR Donnelley, 35 West Wacker Drive, 36^th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60601.

BENEFICIAL STOCK OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVES AND LARGE STOCKHOLDERS

In this Compensation Discussion & Analysis (this “CD&A”), we will describe the material components of our executive compensation program applicable to our named executive officers (our “NEOs”). While the discussion in the CD&A is focused on our NEOs, many of our executive compensation programs apply broadly across our executive ranks.

On October 1, 2016 (the “Spin Date”), we completed our previously announced separation (the “Spinoff”) of two publicly-traded companies: our publishing and retail-centric print services and office products business, LSC Communications, Inc. (“LSC”), and our financial communications services business, Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Donnelley Financial”).

As a result of the Spinoff, our NEOs for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 were:

In addition, SEC’s rules require us to include as NEOs for purposes of this proxy statement each individual who served in the capacity of Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer at any time during the 2016 fiscal year. Prior to the Spinoff, Thomas J. Quinlan III was our President and Chief Executive Officer and Daniel N. Leib was our Chief Financial Officer. In connection with the Spinoff, Mr. Quinlan and Mr. Leib left the Company to join LSC and Donnelley Financial, respectively, and Mr. Knotts became our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Mr. Peterson became our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). In addition, the SEC’s rules require us to include as an NEO up to two of our former executive officers who would have been among the three most highly compensated executive officers of the Company (other than the CEO and CFO) but for the fact that they were not employed by us as of December 31, 2016. Ms. Bettman falls into this category. Thus, the following individuals who left the Company as of the Spin Date to become part of the management team of either LSC or Donnelley Financial (collectively, our “Pre-Spin NEOs”) are also NEOs for 2016:

For these Pre-Spin NEOs, this CD&A presents information regarding compensation received by them from RR Donnelley from January 1, 2016 through the Spin Date.

COMPENSATION PROGRAM DESIGN

Compensation Philosophy

Our executive compensation programs are designed to align the interests of our stockholders and executive officers while providing a total compensation package that enables us to attract, retain and motivate our executives. Overall compensation levels are targeted at market survey data medians and, where available, peer group medians, with a range of opportunity to reward strong performance or withhold rewards when objectives are not achieved.

² Prior to the Spin Date, Mr. Knotts served as our Chief Operating Officer.

³ Mr. Peterson joined the Company in September 2016, prior to the Spinoff, with that plan that following the Spin Date, he would be our Chief Financial Officer.

⁴ Prior to the Spin Date, Mr. Carroll served as our Chief Human Resources Officer.

⁵ Prior to the Spin Date, Mr. Pecaric served as our Division President — International.

⁶ Prior to the Spin Date, Ms. Steiner served as our Vice President — Associate General Counsel, International Platform.