DEF 14A
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Filed by the Registrant x
Filed by a Party Other than the Registrant o
Check the appropriate box:
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o | Preliminary Proxy Statement |
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o | Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) |
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x | Definitive Proxy Statement |
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o | Definitive Additional Materials |
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o | Soliciting Material Under § 240.14a-12 |
RESONANT INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
_______________________________________________
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
x No fee required.
o Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
(1) Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
(2) Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
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(3) | Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (Set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined): |
(4) Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
(5) Total fee paid:
o Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
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o | Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing. |
(1) Amount Previously Paid:
(2) Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
(3) Filing Party:
(4) Date Filed:
RESONANT INC.
110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100
Goleta, California 93117
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held at 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time on Tuesday, June 7, 2016
Dear Stockholders:
The 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of Resonant Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Resonant”), will be held on Tuesday, June 7, 2016, at 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time, at Resonant’s headquarters, located at 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117, for the following purposes as more fully described in the accompanying proxy statement:
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1. | To elect eight directors to serve until the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified; |
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2. | To approve an amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to provide that special meetings of stockholders of Resonant shall be called by our secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting; |
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3. | To approve an amendment of the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted thereunder from 1,400,000 to 2,700,000 shares; |
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4. | To ratify the appointment of Crowe Horwath LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016; and |
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5. | To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournments or postponements thereof. |
The board of directors of Resonant has fixed the close of business on April 11, 2016 as the record date for the Annual Meeting. Only stockholders of record on the record date are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting. Further information regarding voting rights and the matters to be voted upon is presented in the accompanying proxy statement.
We appreciate your continued support of Resonant and look forward to either greeting you personally at the meeting or receiving your proxy. All stockholders are cordially invited to attend the meeting.
Your vote is important. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, please vote by telephone or the Internet by following the voting procedures described in the Proxy Materials. If you received printed proxy materials and wish to vote by mail, promptly complete, date and sign the enclosed proxy card and return it in the accompanying envelope.
By order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ Terry Lingren
Terry Lingren
Chief Executive Officer
Goleta, California
April 25, 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RESONANT INC.
PROXY STATEMENT FOR THE
2016 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
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INFORMATION CONCERNING VOTING AND SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
Our board of directors solicits your proxy for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”), and for any postponement or adjournment of the Annual Meeting, for the purposes described in the “Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders.” The table below shows some important details about the Annual Meeting and voting. Additional information is available in the “Frequently Asked Questions” section of the proxy statement immediately below the table. We use the terms “Resonant,” “the company,” “we,” “our” and “us” in this proxy statement to refer to Resonant Inc., a Delaware corporation.
The Notice of Annual Meeting, proxy statement, proxy card and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (the “2015 Annual Report”) are first being mailed to our stockholders on or about May 5, 2016.
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the 2016 Annual Meeting
This proxy statement and the 2015 Annual Report are available for viewing, printing and downloading at www.proxyvote.com and on the “Investors” section of our website at ir.resonant.com. Certain documents referenced in the proxy statement are available on our website. However, we are not including the information contained on our website, or any information that may be accessed by links on our website, as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this proxy statement.
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Meeting Details | June 7, 2016, 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time, at the offices of Resonant Inc., 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117 |
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Record Date | April 11, 2016 |
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Shares Outstanding | There were 7,407,097 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote as of the Record Date. |
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Eligibility to Vote | Holders of our common stock at the close of business on the Record Date are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting. Each stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share held as of the Record Date. |
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Quorum | A majority of the shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote, in person or by proxy, as of the Record Date constitutes a quorum. A quorum is required to transact business at the Annual Meeting. |
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Voting Methods | Stockholders whose shares are registered in their names with Computershare, our transfer agent (referred to as “Stockholders of Record”) may vote by proxy via the Internet, phone, or mail by following the instructions on the accompanying proxy card. Stockholders of Record may also vote in person at the Annual Meeting by attending the Annual Meeting and casting a ballot. Stockholders whose shares are held in “street name” by a broker, bank or other nominee (referred to as “Beneficial Owners”) must follow the voting instructions provided by their brokers or other nominees. See “What is the difference between holding shares as a Stockholder of Record and as a Beneficial Owner?” and “How do I vote and what are the voting deadlines?” below for additional information. |
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Inspector of Elections | We have appointed John McIlvery, our corporate counsel, as Inspector of Elections to determine whether a quorum is present, and to tabulate the votes cast by proxy or in person at the Annual Meeting. |
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Voting Results | We will announce preliminary results at the Annual Meeting. We will report final results on a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and post results at ir.resonant.com as soon as practicable after the Annual Meeting. |
Proxy Solicitation Costs | We will bear the costs of soliciting proxies from our stockholders. These costs include preparing, assembling, printing, mailing and distributing notices, proxy statements, proxy cards and Annual Reports. Our directors, officers and other employees may solicit proxies personally or by telephone, e-mail or other means of communication, and we will reimburse them for any related expenses. We will also reimburse brokers and other nominees for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses for forwarding proxy materials to the Beneficial Owners of the shares that the nominees hold in their names. |
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
What matters am I voting on?
You will be voting on:
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• | The election of eight directors to hold office until the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified; |
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• | A proposal to approve an amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to provide that special meetings of stockholders of Resonant shall be called by our secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting; |
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• | A proposal to approve an amendment of the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted thereunder from 1,400,000 to 2,700,000 shares; |
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• | A proposal to ratify the appointment of Crowe Horwath LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016; and |
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• | Any other business that may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. |
How does our board of directors recommend that I vote?
Our board of directors recommends that you vote:
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• | FOR the election of the eight directors nominated by our board of directors and named in this proxy statement as directors to serve for one-year terms; |
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• | FOR the approval of an amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to provide that special meetings of stockholders of Resonant shall be called by our secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting; |
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• | FOR the approval of an amendment of the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted thereunder from 1,400,000 to 2,700,000 shares; and |
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• | FOR the ratification of the appointment of Crowe Horwath LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016. |
Will there be any other items of business on the agenda?
If any other items of business or other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, your proxy gives discretionary authority to the persons named on the proxy card with respect to those items of business or other matters. The persons named on the proxy card intend to vote the proxy in accordance with their best judgment. Our board of directors does not intend to bring any other matters to be voted on at the Annual Meeting, and we are not currently aware of any matters that may be properly presented by others for action at the Annual Meeting.
Who is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting?
Holders of our common stock at the close of business on the Record Date are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting. Each stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share of our common stock held as of the Record Date. Cumulative voting is not permitted with respect to the election of directors.
A complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available at our headquarters, located at 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117, during regular business hours for the ten days prior to the Annual Meeting. This list will also be available during the Annual Meeting at the meeting location. Stockholders may examine the list for any legally valid purpose related to the Annual Meeting.
What is the difference between holding shares as a Stockholder of Record and as a Beneficial Owner?
Stockholders of Record. If, at the close of business on the Record Date, your shares are registered directly in your name with Computershare, our transfer agent, you are considered the Stockholder of Record with respect to those shares. As the Stockholder of Record, you have the right to grant your voting proxy directly to the individuals listed on the proxy card or to vote in person at the Annual Meeting.
Beneficial Owners. If your shares are held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or other nominee on your behalf, you are considered the Beneficial Owner of shares held in “street name.” As the Beneficial Owner, you have the right to direct your broker or nominee how to vote your shares by following the voting instructions your broker or other nominee provides. In general, if you do not provide your broker or nominee with instructions on how to vote your shares, your broker or nominee may, in its discretion, vote your shares with respect to routine matters (e.g., the ratification of the appointment of our independent auditor), but may not vote your shares with respect to any non-routine matters (e.g., the election of directors). Please see “What if I do not specify how my shares are to be voted?” for additional information.
Do I have to do anything in advance if I plan to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person?
Stockholders of Record. If you are a Stockholder of Record, you do not need to do anything in advance to attend and/or vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting, but you may be asked to present government-issued photo identification for entrance into the Annual Meeting.
Beneficial Owners. If you are a Beneficial Owner, you may not vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting unless you obtain a “legal proxy” from your broker or other nominee, who is the Stockholder of Record with respect to your shares. You may still attend the Annual Meeting even if you do not have a legal proxy. You may be asked to present government-issued photo identification for entrance into the Annual Meeting. You will also be asked to provide proof of Beneficial Ownership as of the Record Date, such as the voting instructions you received from your broker or other nominee, or your brokerage statement reflecting ownership of shares as of the Record Date.
How do I vote and what are the voting deadlines?
Stockholders of Record. If you are a Stockholder of Record, then you can vote in one of the following ways:
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• | You may vote via the Internet or by telephone. To vote via the Internet or by telephone, follow the instructions provided in the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement. If you vote via the Internet or by telephone, you do not need to return a proxy card by mail. Internet and telephone voting |
are available 24 hours a day. Votes submitted through the Internet or by telephone must be received by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on June 6, 2016.
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• | You may vote by mail. If you would like to vote by mail, you need to complete, date and sign the proxy card that accompanies this proxy statement and promptly mail it in the enclosed postage-paid envelope so that it is received no later than June 6, 2016. You do not need to put a stamp on the enclosed envelope if you mail it from within the United States. The persons named on the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with your instructions on the proxy card you mail. If you return the proxy card, but do not give any instructions on a particular matter to be voted on at the Annual Meeting, the persons named on the proxy card will vote the shares you own in accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors. Our board of directors recommends that you vote FOR each of Proposals No. One, Two, Three and Four. |
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• | You may vote in person. If you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, you may vote by delivering your completed proxy card in person or by completing and submitting a ballot, which will be provided at the Annual Meeting. |
Beneficial Owners. If you are the Beneficial Owner of shares held of record by a broker or other nominee, you will receive voting instructions from your broker or other nominee. You must follow the voting instructions provided by your broker or other nominee in order to instruct your broker or other nominee how to vote your shares. The availability of telephone and Internet voting options will depend on the voting process of your broker or other nominee. As discussed above, if you are a Beneficial Owner, you may not vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting unless you obtain a legal proxy from your broker or other nominee.
May I change my vote or revoke my proxy?
Stockholders of Record. If you are a Stockholder of Record, you may revoke your proxy or change your proxy instructions at any time before your proxy is voted at the Annual Meeting by:
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• | entering a new vote by Internet or telephone; |
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• | signing and returning a new proxy card with a later date; |
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• | delivering a written revocation to our Secretary at the address listed on the front page of this proxy statement; or |
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• | attending the Annual Meeting and voting in person. |
Beneficial Owners. If you are the beneficial owner of your shares, you must contact the broker or other nominee holding your shares and follow their instructions to change your vote or revoke your proxy
What is the effect of giving a proxy?
Proxies are solicited by and on behalf of our board of directors. The persons named on the proxy card have been designated as proxy holders by our board of directors. When a proxy is properly dated, executed and returned, the shares represented by the proxy will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with the instruction of the stockholder. If no specific instructions are given, however, the shares will be voted in accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors (as shown on the first page of the proxy statement). If any matters not described in the proxy statement are properly presented at the Annual Meeting, the proxy holders will use their own judgment to determine how to vote your shares. If the Annual Meeting is postponed or adjourned, the proxy holders can vote your shares on the new meeting date, unless you have properly revoked your proxy, as described above.
What if I do not specify how my shares are to be voted?
Stockholders of Record. If you are a Stockholder of Record and you submit a proxy but you do not provide voting instructions, your shares will be voted:
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• | FOR the election of the eight directors nominated by our board of directors and named in this proxy statement as directors to serve for one-year terms (Proposal No. One); |
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• | FOR the approval of an amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to provide that special meetings of stockholders of Resonant shall be called by our secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting (Proposal No. Two); |
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• | FOR the approval of an amendment of the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted thereunder from 1,400,000 to 2,700,000 shares (Proposal No. Three); |
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• | FOR the ratification of the appointment of Crowe Horwath LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016 (Proposal No. Four); and |
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• | In the discretion of the named proxy holders regarding any other matters properly presented for a vote at the Annual Meeting. |
Beneficial Owners. If you are a Beneficial Owner and you do not provide your broker or other nominee that holds your shares with voting instructions, your broker or other nominee will determine if it has discretion to vote on each matter. In general, brokers and other nominees do not have discretion to vote on non-routine matters. Each of Proposal No. One (election of directors), Proposal No. Two (amendment of certificate of incorporation) and Proposal No. Three (amendment of incentive plan) is a non-routine matter, while Proposal No. Four (ratification of appointment of independent registered public accounting firm) is a routine matter. As a result, if you do not provide voting instructions to your broker or other nominee, your broker or other nominee cannot vote your shares with respect to Proposal Nos. One, Two and Three, which would result in a “broker non-vote,” but may, in its discretion, vote your shares with respect to Proposal No. Four. For additional information regarding broker non-votes, see “What are the effects of abstentions and broker non-votes?” below.
What is a quorum?
A quorum is the minimum number of shares required to be present at the Annual Meeting for the meeting to be properly held under our bylaws and Delaware law. A majority of the shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote, in person or by proxy, constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting. As noted above, as of the Record Date, there were at total of 7,407,097 shares of common stock outstanding, which means that 3,703,549 shares of common stock must be represented in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting to have a quorum. If there is no quorum, a majority of the shares present at the Annual Meeting may adjourn the meeting to a later date.
What are the effects of abstentions and broker non-votes?
An abstention represents a stockholder’s affirmative choice to decline to vote on a proposal. Under Delaware law, abstentions are considered present and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. As a result, abstentions will be counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum and will also count as votes against a proposal in cases where approval of the proposal requires the affirmative vote of a specified number of our outstanding shares (Proposal No. Two) or a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting (Proposal Nos. Three and Four). However, because the outcome of Proposal No. One (election of directors) will be determined by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, abstentions will have no impact on the outcome of the proposal as long as a quorum exists.
A broker non-vote occurs when a broker or other nominee holding shares for a Beneficial Owner does not vote on a particular proposal because the broker or other nominee does not have discretionary voting power with respect to such proposal and has not received voting instructions from the Beneficial Owner of the shares. Broker non-votes will be counted for purposes of calculating whether a quorum is present at the Annual Meeting, but will not be counted for purposes of determining the number of votes cast. Therefore, a broker non-vote will make a quorum more readily attainable but will not affect the outcome of the vote on Proposal Nos. Three or Four.
Because approval of the amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (Proposal No. Two) requires the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of our outstanding shares, broker non-votes and abstentions do not count as affirmative votes and thus will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the proposal, which could prevent the approval of Proposal No. Two.
How many votes are needed for approval of each proposal?
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Proposal | | Vote Required | | Broker Discretionary Voting Allowed? |
Proposal No. One --Election of directors | | Plurality of voting power of shares present and entitled to vote | | No |
Proposal No. Two --Amendment of amended and restated certificate of incorporation | | Supermajority vote of 66 2/3% of outstanding shares | | No |
Proposal No. Three --Amendment of amended and restated 2014 omnibus incentive plan | | Majority of voting power of shares present and entitled to vote | | No |
Proposal No. Four --Ratification of the appointment of independent registered public accounting firm | | Majority of voting power of shares present and entitled to vote | | Yes |
With respect to Proposal No. One, you may vote (i) FOR all nominees, (ii) WITHHOLD your vote as to all nominees, or (iii) vote FOR all nominees except for those specific nominees from whom you WITHHOLD your vote. The eight nominees receiving the most FOR votes will be elected. Cumulative voting is not permitted with respect to the election of directors. If you WITHHOLD your vote as to all nominees, your vote will be treated as if you had ABSTAINED from voting on Proposal No. One, and your abstention will have no effect on the outcome of the vote.
With respect to Proposal Nos. Two, Three and Four, you may vote FOR, AGAINST or ABSTAIN. If you ABSTAIN from voting on any of these proposals, the abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the proposal.
How are proxies solicited for the Annual Meeting and who is paying for the solicitation?
The board of directors is soliciting proxies for use at the Annual Meeting by means of this proxy statement. We will bear the entire cost of proxy solicitation, including the preparation, assembly, printing, mailing and distribution of the proxy materials. Copies of solicitation materials will also be made available upon request to brokers and other nominees to forward to the Beneficial Owners of the shares held of record by the brokers or other nominees. We will reimburse brokers or other nominees for reasonable expenses that they incur in sending these proxy materials to Beneficial Owners.
This solicitation of proxies may be supplemented by solicitation by telephone, electronic communication, or other means by our directors, officers, employees or agents. No additional compensation will be paid to these individuals for any such services, although we may reimburse such individuals for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with such solicitation. We do not plan to retain a proxy solicitor to assist in the solicitation of proxies.
Is my vote confidential?
Proxy instructions, ballots, and voting tabulations that identify individual stockholders are handled in a manner that protects your voting privacy. Your vote will not be disclosed either within Resonant or to third parties, except as necessary to meet applicable legal requirements, to allow for the tabulation of votes and certification of the vote, or to facilitate a successful proxy solicitation.
Will members of the board of directors attend the Annual Meeting?
We encourage our board members to attend the Annual Meeting. Those who do attend will be available to answer appropriate questions from stockholders.
I share an address with another stockholder, and we received only one paper copy of the proxy materials. How may I obtain an additional copy of the proxy materials?
We have adopted an SEC-approved procedure called “householding,” under which we can deliver a single copy of the proxy materials to multiple stockholders who share the same address unless we received contrary instructions from one or more of the stockholders. This procedure reduces our printing and mailing costs. Stockholders of Record who participate in householding will be able to access and receive separate proxy cards. Upon written or oral request, we will promptly deliver a separate copy of the proxy materials to any stockholder at a shared address to which we delivered a single copy of these documents. To receive a separate copy, or, if you are receiving multiple copies, to request that Resonant only send a single copy of the next year’s proxy materials, you may contact us as follows:
Resonant Inc.
Attention: Secretary
110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100
Goleta, California 93117
(805) 308-9803
Stockholders who hold shares in street name may contact their brokerage firm, bank, broker-dealer or other nominee to request information about householding.
PROPOSAL NO. ONE
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Our business affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors, which is currently composed of eight members. Five of our directors are independent according to the independent director requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”). Our directors serve for one-year terms. See “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance” below for more details about our board.
At the Annual Meeting, stockholders will be asked to elect eight directors, Ms. Janet Cooper, Mr. Michael Fox, Mr. George Holmes, Dr. Robert Hammond, Dr. Thomas Joseph, Mr. Richard Kornfeld, Mr. Terry Lingren and Mr. John Major, to serve until the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. The following table sets forth the names and certain other information as of March 31, 2016 for each of the nominees for election as a director, all of whom currently serve on the board of directors.
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Nominee | | Age | | Position |
Janet Cooper(1)(2)(3) | | 62 | | Director |
Michael Fox | | 38 | | Director |
George Holmes | | 53 | | President, Chief Commercial Officer and Director |
Robert Hammond | | 68 | | Chief Technology Officer and Director |
Thomas Joseph(2) | | 66 | | Director |
Richard Kornfeld(1)(2)(3) | | 55 | | Director |
Terry Lingren | | 59 | | Chief Executive Officer and Director |
John Major(1)(2)(3) | | 70 | | Chairman of the Board |
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(1) | Member of the audit committee |
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(2) | Member of the compensation committee |
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(3) | Member of the nominating and governance committee |
Nominees for Director
Janet Cooper. Ms. Cooper has served as a member of our board of directors since January 2014. Ms. Cooper served as Senior Vice President and Treasurer of Qwest Communications International Inc. (now doing business as CenturyLink) from September 2002 to June 2008, and served as Qwest’s Senior Vice President, Finance from 2000 to 2001. From 2001 to 2002, Ms. Cooper was Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President of McDATA Corporation. From 1998 to 2000, she served in various senior level finance positions at US West Inc., including as Vice President, Finance and Controller and Vice President and Treasurer. From 1978 to 1998, Ms. Cooper served in various capacities with The Quaker Oats Company, including as Vice President, Treasurer and Tax from 1997 to 1998 and Vice President, Treasurer from 1992 to 1997. Ms. Cooper serves on the board of directors of The Toro Company, Lennox International Inc. and MWH Global, Inc., a privately held company. Ms. Cooper received a B.S. in Math and Computer Science from the University of Illinois, an M.S. in Applied Math from the University of Illinois, an M.B.A. from University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
Through her experience in various senior level financial positions with Qwest, McDATA Corporation, US West and Quaker Oats, Ms. Cooper has developed a substantial financial and accounting background and expertise, which she contributes to our board of directors. Ms. Cooper’s financial expertise and acumen in capital markets, audit, tax, accounting, treasury and risk-management matters assists our board in providing oversight to management on these matters. Ms. Cooper’s senior leadership experience also enables her to provide strategic input to our board, in addition to her financial expertise, discipline and oversight.
Michael Fox. Mr. Fox has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2016. He is the Chief Executive Officer of Park City Capital, LLC, a value-oriented investment management firm he founded in June 2008. From 2000 to 2008, Mr. Fox worked at J.P. Morgan in New York, most recently as Vice President and Senior Business Services Analyst. As J.P.Morgan’s Senior Business Services Analyst, Mr. Fox headed the firm’s Business Services equity research group from 2005 to 2008. From 2000 to 2005 Mr. Fox was a member of J.P.Morgan’s Leisure equity research group, which was consistently recognized by Institutional Investor’s All America Research Team. Mr. Fox serves on the board of directors of Adcare Health Systems, Inc. Mr. Fox received his Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Texas Christian University. Mr. Fox’s expertise and background in the financial and equity markets, coupled with Park City Capital’s significant financial stake in our company, will enable him to provide our board of directors and management with valuable perspectives on executing strategies to maximize stockholder value.
George Holmes. Mr. Holmes joined Resonant in February 2016 as President and Chief Commercial Officer and as a member of our board of directors, and brings to us more than 30 years’ leadership experience in sales, marketing and management spanning a broad range of technologies, including semiconductor, optical components and systems and sub-systems for telecom and CATV. Prior to joining Resonant, Mr. Holmes most recently served as Chief Commercial Officer for Tigo Energy, where he was responsible for creating the company’s customer acquisition and expansion strategy. From 2013 to 2015, he worked for Energous Corporation, a developer of wire-free charging technology for electronic devices, first as Senior Vice President Sales & Marketing then as Chief Commercial Officer where he was responsible for securing development and licensing agreements, overseeing IP strategy and process, spearheading regulatory strategy and tactics and public and investor relations. From 2011 to 2013, he served as Vice President of Sales at SolarBridge Technologies, overseeing all sales, business development and sales operations. His prior experience includes serving as Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing for PureEnergy Solutions, a developer and manufacturer of wireless power products as well as senior sales executive roles at Agere Systems (formerly Lucent MicroElectronics), Ortel Corp (acquired by Lucent), Level One Communications and Symmetricom. Mr. Holmes holds a B.A. in Business from the University of Puget Sound and a Diploma in international business from Nyenrode University, Netherlands.
Mr. Holmes was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive experience commercializing technologies.
Robert Hammond. Dr. Hammond has served as our Chief Technology Officer and as a member of our board of directors since June 2013, and served as Chief Technology Officer of our subsidiary, Resonant LLC from June 2012 until June 2013. Prior to founding Resonant, Dr. Hammond served for more than 20 years as Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of Superconductor Technologies, Inc., where he was involved in the development of high temperature superconducting materials, cryogenic refrigeration and packaging, and RF and microwave circuits. Prior to that, he was Leader Electronics Advanced Development at Los Alamos National Labs. Dr. Hammond holds a BS degree in Physics, a MS degree in Applied Physics and a PhD in Applied Physics, each from the California Institute of Technology.
Dr. Hammond was selected to serve on our board of directors because of the perspective and experience he brings as one of our co-founders and as one of our largest stockholders, his extensive experience with the technologies we are developing and technology companies in general, and his experience serving as a senior executive officer of a public company.
Thomas Joseph. Dr. Joseph has served as a member of our board of directors since July 2015. Dr. Joseph brings deep expertise in the radio frequency, compound semiconductor, cellular, fiber optics, and surface acoustic wave (SAW) industries. Dr. Joseph worked at RFMD (now Qorvo) from 2000 until his retirement in 2013. At RFMD, Dr. Joseph was Senior Manager, Technical Projects for the Cellular Products Group leading cross-functional teams that developed high volume, front-end component solutions for cellular handsets. He began his career at Hughes Aircraft Company. He then joined TRW Space and Defense (now Northrop Grumman) where he established, grew and oversaw the foundry products business to make available GaAs process technology to outside commercial and defense customers. Dr. Joseph earned his B.S. in Applied Physics from the California Institute of Technology. He earned his PhD and MSEE in Electrical Engineering from the University of Southern California. Dr. Joseph wrote his dissertation on the design, fabrication, testing and performance modeling of SAW resonators, performing much
of the seminal work on these devices. He has authored or co-authored more than 50 technical publications, and symposium presentations on SAW devices, GaAs circuits and processes, integrated and fiber optics and acousto-optics. Dr. Joseph is a life member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Dr. Joseph was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive experience with the technologies we are developing and his business relationships in the industries we serve.
Richard Kornfeld. Mr. Kornfeld has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2013. Mr. Kornfeld currently serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of Kitu Systems, Inc., a leader in communication protocol software for the Internet-of-Things market. From 2006 to 2008, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer of NextWave Wireless. From 2004 to 2006, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Staccato Communications. Prior to joining Staccato, Mr. Kornfeld was Vice President and General Manager of Texas Instruments’ Wireless Chipset Business Unit. He joined Texas Instruments as part of the acquisition of Dot Wireless, where he served as Co-Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Prior to founding Dot Wireless, Mr. Kornfeld was a founder of NextWave Telecom, Inc., where he was the Senior Vice President and General Manager of the Consumer Products division. Previously, Mr. Kornfeld was Vice President of Engineering at Qualcomm Inc., leading the development of the first commercial CDMA subscriber equipment. Prior to Qualcomm, Mr. Kornfeld held various technical positions at M/A-Com Linkabit. Mr. Kornfeld serves on the board of the La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology and to Kitu Systems, Inc. He serves on the Council of Advisors of University of California, San Diego’s Jacobs School of Engineering where he also participates in the university’s Von Liebig Clean Tech grant activities. He also serves on AIPAC’s San Diego council and AIPAC’s national council. Mr. Kornfeld also was Vice-Chairman of Commnexus and the founding Chairman of EvoNexus. Mr. Kornfeld received his BS degree in 1982 from the University of California, San Diego where he was also named the Alumni of the Year in 2001.
Mr. Kornfeld was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive experience with the technologies we are developing and technology companies in general, including some of San Diego’s most notable tech companies.
Terry Lingren. Mr. Lingren is a co-founder of Resonant and has served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the board of directors since June 2013. Mr. Lingren also served as Chief Executive Officer of company subsidiary, Resonant LLC from June 2012 until June 2013. Prior to founding Resonant, Mr. Lingren served for more than 18 years in executive positions at Qualcomm, Inc. and Kyocera Corporation. Mr. Lingren served as Vice President of Engineering at Kyocera from February 2003 to July 2012, and as a Vice President of Engineering at Qualcomm from May 1994 to February 2003. Mr. Lingren holds a BA degree in physics from Austin College, a BSEE degree from Washington University and an MSEE degree from California State University Northridge.
Mr. Lingren was selected to serve on our board of directors because of the perspective and experience he brings as one of our co-founders and as one of our largest stockholders, his extensive experience with the technologies we are developing and technology companies in general, and his experience serving as a senior executive officer of a public company.
John Major. Mr. Major has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2013. In January 2003, Mr. Major founded MTSG, a strategic consulting and investment company of which he continues to serve as President. From April 2004 to October 2006, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Apacheta Corp., a privately held mobile, wireless software company whose products are used to manage retail inventory, service and deliveries. From August 2000 until January 2003, Mr. Major was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Novatel Wireless Inc., a wireless data access solutions company. Previously, he was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Wireless Knowledge, a joint venture of Qualcomm Inc. and Microsoft Corp. Prior to joining Wireless Knowledge, he served as Corporate Executive Vice President of Qualcomm and President of its wireless infrastructure division. For approximately 18 years, Mr. Major held various executive and leadership positions at Motorola Inc., the most recent of which was Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. He serves on the Dean’s Advisory Committee of the University of Rochester Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Science and as Chairman of the University of Illinois at Chicago-Engineering School Advisory Board. He also serves as Chairman of the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology. He currently serves on the boards of directors of Lennox International Inc.,
Littelfuse, Inc., Pulse Electronics Corp. and ORBCOMM Inc., and recently served as Lead Director of Broadcom Corporation until its acquisition by Avago Technologies Limited in February 2016. Mr. Major received a B.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from the University of Rochester, an M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Illinois, an M.B.A. from Northwestern University and a J.D. from Loyola University. He holds 12 United States patents.
Mr. Major was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive experience with the technologies we are developing and technology companies in general, and his experience serving on the boards of directors of very substantial public companies. He contributes substantial experience in product innovation, compensation programs and mergers and acquisitions.
Vote Required
Directors are elected by a plurality vote. The eight nominees for directors receiving the highest number of votes cast will be elected as directors.
***THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” EACH
OF THE NOMINEES LISTED ABOVE***
PROPOSAL NO. TWO
AMENDMENT OF
AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
Our board of directors has approved an amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Certificate”) to provide that special meetings of stockholders of Resonant shall be called by our secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting. The proposed amendment of the Certificate was submitted to our stockholders for approval at a special meeting of stockholders of Resonant held on Thursday, October 15, 2015. The proposed amendment of the Certificate did not receive the requisite number of affirmative votes for approval at the special meeting, and we are again seeking approval of the amendment of the Certificate by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting.
The description in this proxy statement of the proposed amendment of the Certificate is qualified in its entirety by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, the full text of the Certificate, as amended and restated by the proposed amendment, which is attached to this proxy statement as Annex A. For convenience of reference, a copy of the Certificate showing the proposed amendment, with deleted text shown in strikethrough and added text shown as double-underlined, is attached to this proxy statement as Annex B.
Reasons for the Certificate Amendment
The Certificate currently provides that, except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of any series of preferred stock permitting the holders of such series of preferred stock to call a special meeting of the holders of such series, special meetings of stockholders of Resonant may be called only by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer or the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer), and the ability of the stockholders to call a special meeting is specifically denied.
In reviewing the company’s corporate governance policies, our board of directors determined that it was appropriate in certain circumstances to provide our stockholders with the right to call a special meeting and bring to a vote those matters that are of interest to our stockholders and properly brought before such a meeting. The proposed amendment of the Certificate would expand the persons who may call a special meeting to include one or more stockholders holding, in the aggregate, shares entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting. The board of directors believes the proposed amendment properly balances the dual goals of stockholder democracy and efficient corporate governance. By providing a meaningful share ownership requirement on the stockholders’ right to call a special meeting, the board seeks to prevent a small minority of stockholders from imposing on Resonant the significant financial and administrative burdens associated with convening special stockholders’ meetings.
Bylaw Amendments
Concurrently with its approval of the amendment of the Certificate, our board of directors also approved amendments of Resonant’s amended and restated bylaws (the “Bylaws”) to implement advance notice procedures, disclosure requirements and other compliance obligations on stockholders that desire to cause our secretary to call a special meeting of stockholders. The amendments of our Bylaws are conditional upon approval of the amendment of the Certificate by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting, and will not become effective unless such approval is obtained.
The full text of the Bylaws, as amended and restated by the proposed amendments, is attached to this proxy statement as Annex C. For convenience of reference, a copy of the Bylaws showing the proposed amendments, with deleted text shown in strikethrough and added text shown as double-underlined, is attached to this proxy statement as Annex D.
Effective Date of the Amendments
If the amendment of the Certificate is approved by the requisite vote of our stockholders, the amendment of the Certificate will be effective upon its filing with the Delaware Secretary of State, which filing is expected to occur shortly after the Annual Meeting. The amendments of the Bylaws will become effective at the same time the amendment of the Certificate becomes effective. If this proposal is not approved by the requisite vote of our stockholders, then the amendment of the Certificate will not be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State and neither the amendment of the Certificate nor the amendments of the Bylaws will become effective.
Required Vote
Stockholder approval of the amendment of the Certificate requires the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of our outstanding shares as of the record date for the Annual Meeting.
*** OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE FOR APPROVAL OF THE AMENDMENT OF OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION ***
PROPOSAL NO. THREE
AMENDMENT OF AMENDED AND RESTATED
2014 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN
On March 22, 2016, our board of directors approved an amendment of the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards granted thereunder from 1,400,000 to 2,700,000 shares, subject to approval of the proposed amendment by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting. A copy of the text of the proposed amendment of the 2014 Plan is attached to this proxy statement as Annex E.
Our board of directors believes that the continued growth of Resonant depends, in large part, upon our ability to attract and motivate key employees and directors, and that equity incentive awards are an important means of attracting, retaining and motivating talented employees and directors. Previously, our board of directors and stockholders had approved the 2014 Plan, which authorized a total of 1,400,000 shares for issuance to eligible participants. As of March 31, 2016, only 31,402 shares remained available for award under the 2014 Plan. Accordingly, to ensure that we may continue to attract key employees and directors who are expected to contribute to our success, on March 22, 2016, our board of directors approved an amendment of the 2014 Plan to increase to 2,700,000 the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards granted thereunder. The amendment is subject to approval by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting. If the amendment is not approved by our stockholders, it will not be implemented in the form proposed.
Summary of the 2014 Plan
The following summary of the principal features of the 2014 Plan is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2014 Plan.
Shares Available. A total of 1,400,000 shares of our common stock have been reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2014 Plan. If the proposed amendment of the 2014 Plan is approved by stockholders at the Annual Meeting, the total number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan will increase to 2,700,000. Any shares of common stock that are subject to awards shall be counted against this limit on a one-for-one basis. If any shares of common stock subject to an award under the 2014 Plan are forfeited, expire or are settled for cash, the shares subject to the award may be used again for awards under the 2014 Plan to the extent of the forfeiture, expiration or cancellation on a one-for-one basis. In the event that any option or other award granted under the 2014 Plan is exercised through the tendering of shares of common stock (either actually or by attestation) or by the withholding of shares of common stock by us, then in each such case the shares so tendered or withheld shall again be available for awards under the 2014 Plan on a one-for-one basis. In addition, in the event that withholding tax liabilities arising from any option or other award under the 2014 Plan are satisfied by the tendering of shares of common stock (either actually or by attestation) or by the withholding of shares of common stock by us, then in each such case the shares of common stock so tendered or withheld shall again be available for awards under the 2014 Plan on a one-for-one basis.
Plan Administration. The 2014 Plan will be administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors which shall consist of at least two members of our board, each of whom must qualify as a “non-employee director” under Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Rule 16b-3, an “outside director” under Section 162(m) of the Code and an “independent director” under NASDAQ rules. The compensation committee has the authority to determine the terms and conditions of awards, and to interpret and administer the 2014 Plan. The compensation committee may (i) delegate to a committee of one or more directors the right to make awards and to cancel or suspend awards and otherwise take action on its behalf under the 2014 Plan (to the extent not inconsistent with applicable law, including Section 162(m) of the Code, and the rules of the principal U.S. national securities exchange on which the common stock is traded), and (ii) to the extent permitted by law, delegate to an executive officer or a committee of executive officers the right to make awards to employees who are not directors or executive officers and the authority to take action on behalf of the compensation committee pursuant to the 2014 Plan to cancel or suspend awards under the 2014 Plan to key employees who are not directors or executive officers.
Stock Options. Stock options may be granted under our 2014 Plan. The exercise price of options granted under our 2014 Plan must at least be equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The term of an incentive stock option may not exceed 10 years, except that with respect to any participant who owns more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of our outstanding stock, the term must not exceed five years and the exercise price must equal at least 110% of the fair market value on the grant date. The compensation committee will determine the methods of payment of the exercise price of an option, which may include cash, shares or other property acceptable to the compensation committee, as well as other types of consideration permitted by applicable law. After the termination of service of an employee, director or consultant, he or she may exercise his or her option for the period of time stated in his or her option agreement. Generally, if termination is due to death or disability, the option will remain exercisable for 12 months. In all other cases, the option will generally remain exercisable for three months following the termination of service. However, in no event may an option be exercised later than the expiration of its term. Subject to the provisions of our 2014 Plan, the compensation committee determines the other terms of options.
Stock Appreciation Rights. Stock appreciation rights may be granted under our 2014 Plan. Stock appreciation rights allow the recipient to receive the appreciation in the fair market value of our common stock between the exercise date and the date of grant. Stock appreciation rights may not have a term exceeding 10 years. After the termination of service of an employee, director or consultant, he or she may exercise his or her stock appreciation right for the period of time stated in his or her option agreement. However, in no event may a stock appreciation right be exercised later than the expiration of its term. Subject to the provisions of our 2014 Plan, the compensation committee determines the other terms of stock appreciation rights, including when such rights become exercisable and whether to pay any increased appreciation in cash or with shares of our common stock, or a combination thereof, except that the per share exercise price for the shares to be issued pursuant to the exercise of a stock appreciation right will be no less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant.
Restricted Stock. Restricted stock may be granted under our 2014 Plan. Restricted stock awards are grants of shares of our common stock that vest in accordance with terms and conditions established by the compensation committee. The compensation committee will determine the number of shares of restricted stock granted to any employee, director or consultant and, subject to the provisions of our 2014 Plan, will determine the terms and conditions of such awards. The compensation committee may impose whatever conditions to vesting it determines to be appropriate (for example, the compensation committee may set restrictions based on the achievement of specific performance goals or continued service to us); provided, however, that the compensation committee, in its sole discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions will lapse or be removed. Recipients of restricted stock awards generally will have voting and dividend rights with respect to such shares upon grant without regard to vesting, unless the compensation committee provides otherwise. Shares of restricted stock that do not vest are subject to our right of repurchase or forfeiture.
Restricted Stock Units. Restricted stock units may be granted under our 2014 Plan. Restricted stock units are bookkeeping entries representing an amount equal to the fair market value of one share of our common stock. Subject to the provisions of our 2014 Plan, the compensation committee will determine the terms and conditions of restricted stock units, including the vesting criteria (which may include accomplishing specified performance criteria or continued service to us) and the form and timing of payment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the compensation committee, in its sole discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions will lapse or be removed.
Performance Units and Performance Shares. Performance units and performance shares may be granted under our 2014 Plan. Performance units and performance shares are awards that will result in a payment to a participant only if performance goals established by the compensation committee are achieved or the awards otherwise vest. The compensation committee will establish organizational or individual performance goals or other vesting criteria in its discretion, which, depending on the extent to which they are met, will determine the number and/or the value of performance units and performance shares to be paid out to participants. After the grant of a performance unit or performance share, the compensation committee, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance criteria or other vesting provisions for such performance units or performance shares. Performance units shall have an initial dollar value established by the compensation committee prior to the grant date. Performance shares shall have an initial value equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date. The compensation
committee, in its sole discretion, may pay earned performance units or performance shares in the form of cash, in shares or in some combination thereof.
Outside Directors. Our 2014 Plan provides that all non-employee directors are eligible to receive all types of awards (except for incentive stock options) under the 2014 Plan.
No Repricing. Our 2014 Plan prohibits repricing of options and stock appreciation rights (other than to reflect stock splits, spin-offs or similar corporate events) unless stockholder approval is obtained. A “repricing” means a reduction in the exercise price of an option or the grant price of a stock appreciation right, the cancellation of an option or stock appreciation right in exchange for cash or another award under the 2014 Plan, or any other action with respect to an option or stock appreciation right that may be treated as a repricing under the rules of the principal U.S. national securities exchange on which the common stock is traded.
Non-transferability of Awards. Unless the compensation committee provides otherwise, our 2014 Plan generally does not allow for the transfer of awards and only the recipient of an award may exercise an award during his or her lifetime.
Certain Adjustments. In the event of certain changes in our capitalization, to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits available under our 2014 Plan, the compensation committee will adjust the number and class of shares that may be delivered under our 2014 Plan and/or the number, class and price of shares covered by each outstanding award and the numerical share limits set forth in our 2014 Plan. In the event of our proposed liquidation or dissolution, the compensation committee will notify participants as soon as practicable and all awards will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed transaction.
Merger or Change in Control. Our 2014 Plan provides that in the event of a merger or change in control, as defined under the 2014 Plan, each outstanding award will be treated as provided for in the individual award agreement, except that the compensation committee in its discretion, may determine that, upon the occurrence of a merger or change in control, each option and stock appreciation right shall terminate within a specified number of days after notice to the participant, or that the participant shall receive, with respect to each share of common stock subject to such option or stock appreciation right, an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of such share immediately prior to the occurrence of the merger or change in control over the exercise price per share of such option or stock appreciation right.
Unless otherwise provided in an individual award agreement, in the event of a merger or change in control in which the successor company assumes or substitutes for an award granted under the 2014 Plan, if a participant’s employment with the successor company or a subsidiary thereof terminates within 12 months following such merger or change in control, (i) the options and stock appreciation rights outstanding as of the date of such termination of employment will immediately vest, become fully exercisable, and may thereafter be exercised for 12 months, and (ii) the restrictions, limitations and other conditions applicable to restricted stock and restricted stock units outstanding as of the date of such termination of employment shall lapse and the restricted stock and restricted stock units shall become free of all restrictions, limitations and conditions and become fully vested.
Unless otherwise provided in an individual award agreement, in the event of a merger or change in control in which the successor company does not assume or substitute for an award granted under the 2014 Plan, then immediately prior to the merger or change in control, (i) those options and stock appreciation rights outstanding as of the date of the merger or change in control that are not assumed or substituted for shall immediately vest and become fully exercisable, and (ii) restrictions, limitations and other conditions applicable to restricted stock and restricted stock units that are not assumed or substituted for shall lapse and the restricted stock and restricted stock units shall become free of all restrictions, limitations and conditions and become fully vested.
Amendment, Termination. Our board of directors will have the authority to amend, suspend or terminate the 2014 Plan provided such action does not require stockholder approval and will not impair the existing rights of any participant. Our 2014 Plan will automatically terminate in 2024, unless we terminate it sooner.
Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following discussion summarizes certain federal income tax considerations of awards under the 2014 Plan. However, it does not purport to be complete and does not describe the state, local or foreign tax considerations or the consequences for any particular individual.
Stock Options. A participant does not realize ordinary income on the grant of a stock option. Upon exercise of a non-qualified stock option, the participant will realize ordinary income equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares of common stock over the option exercise price. The cost basis of the shares acquired for capital gain treatment is their fair market value at the time of exercise. Upon exercise of an incentive stock option, the excess of the fair market value of the shares of common stock acquired over the option exercise price will be an item of tax preference to the participant, which may be subject to an alternative minimum tax for the year of exercise. If no disposition of the shares is made within two years from the date of granting of the incentive stock option or within one year after the transfer of the shares to the participant, the participant does not realize taxable income as a result of exercising the incentive stock option; the tax basis of the shares received for capital gain treatment is the option exercise price; any gain or loss realized on the sale of the shares is long-term capital gain or loss. If the participant disposes of the shares within the two-year or one-year periods referred to above, the participant will realize ordinary income at that time in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares at the time of exercise (or the net proceeds of disposition, if less) over the option exercise price. For capital gain treatment on such a disposition, the tax basis of the shares will be their fair market value at the time of exercise.
Stock Appreciation Rights. No ordinary income will be realized by a participant in connection with the grant of a SAR. When the SAR is exercised, the participant will realize ordinary income in an amount equal to the sum of the amount of any cash received and the fair market value of the shares of common stock or other property received upon the exercise.
Restricted Stock, Performance and Restricted Stock Unit Awards. The participant will not realize ordinary income on the grant of a restricted stock award (or a performance award if the shares of common stock are issued on grant), but will realize ordinary income when the shares subject to the award become vested in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of the shares on the vesting date over (ii) the purchase price, if any, paid for the shares. The participant may, however, elect under Section 83(b) of the Code to include as ordinary income in the year the shares are granted an amount equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, over (ii) the purchase price, if any, paid for the shares. If the Section 83(b) election is made, the participant will not realize any additional taxable income when the shares become vested.
The participant will not realize ordinary income on the grant of a restricted stock unit award (or a performance award under which shares of common stock are not issued on grant), but will realize ordinary income when the shares subject to the award are issued to the participant after they become vested. The amount of ordinary income will be equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of the shares on the date they are issued over (ii) the purchase price, if any, paid for the award.
Upon disposition of shares of common stock acquired under a restricted stock award, performance award or restricted stock unit award, the participant will realize a capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the selling price and the sum of the amount paid for the shares plus any amount realized as ordinary income upon grant (or vesting) of the shares.
Company Tax Deduction. We generally will be entitled to a tax deduction in connection with an award under the 2014 Plan, subject to the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code, in an amount equal to the ordinary income realized by a participant and at the time the participant realizes such income (for example, on the exercise of a nonqualified stock option). Section 162(m) of the Code may limit the deductibility of compensation paid to our chief executive officer and to each of the next three most highly compensated executive officers other than the chief financial officer. Under Section 162(m), the annual compensation paid to any of these executives will be deductible to the extent that it does not exceed $1,000,000 or if the compensation is treated as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code. Compensation attributable to stock options and SARs under the 2014 Plan should qualify as performance-based compensation if the awards are made by the compensation committee and the
exercise or grant price of the award is no less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Compensation attributable to restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and performance awards should qualify as performance-based compensation if (i) the compensation is approved by the compensation committee, (ii) the compensation is paid only upon the achievement of an objective performance goal established in writing by the compensation committee while the outcome is substantially uncertain, and (iii) the compensation committee certifies in writing prior to the payment of the compensation that the performance goal has been satisfied.
Vote Required
The affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote is required to approve the proposed amendment of the Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
***THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE AMENDMENT OF THE AMENDED AND RESTATED 2014 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN ***
PROPOSAL NO. FOUR
RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The audit committee of our board of directors has appointed Crowe Horwath LLP (“Crowe Horwath”), as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016. Crowe Horwath also served as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
At the Annual Meeting, stockholders will be asked to ratify the appointment of Crowe Horwath as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2016. Stockholder ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm is not required by our bylaws or other applicable legal requirements. However, our board of directors submits the appointment of Crowe Horwath to our stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate governance. If this appointment is not ratified by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote, the appointment will be reconsidered by our audit committee. Even if the appointment is ratified, our audit committee, in its sole discretion, may appoint another independent registered public accounting firm at any time during the year ending December 31, 2016 if our audit committee believes that such a change would be in the best interests of Resonant and its stockholders. A representative of Crowe Horwath is expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, will have an opportunity to make a statement if he or she wishes to do so, and is expected to be available to respond to appropriate questions from stockholders.
Changes in Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
On June 18, 2015, we dismissed Squar, Milner, Peterson, Miranda & Williamson, LLP (“Squar Milner”) as our independent registered public accounting firm. The decision to dismiss Squar Milner was approved by the audit committee of our board of directors.
The audit reports of Squar Milner on our financial statements as of and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014 did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, and were not modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles, except the audit report on our financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 did contain an explanatory paragraph related to our ability to continue as a going concern.
In connection with the audit of our financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014, and for the subsequent interim period through the date of this Current Report on Form 8-K, there were: (i) no disagreements between us and Squar Milner on any matters of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Squar Milner, would have caused Squar Milner to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in its report on our financial statements for such fiscal years; and (ii) no “reportable events” within the meaning set forth in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
At the time of its dismissal, we provided Squar Milner with a copy of the disclosures reproduced in this proxy statement and requested that Squar Milner furnish us with a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission stating whether or not Squar Milner agrees with our statements. A copy of the letter dated June 18, 2015, furnished by Squar Milner in response to that request is filed as Exhibit 16.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 22, 2015.
The audit committee of our board of directors approved the appointment of Crowe Horwath as our new independent registered public accounting firm, and we formally engaged Crowe Horwath as our independent registered public accounting firm on June 18, 2015.
During our fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014 and through June 18, 2015, neither we nor anyone on our behalf consulted with Crowe Horwath with respect to (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that may be rendered on our financial
statements, and Crowe Horwath did not provide either a written report or oral advice to us that Crowe Horwath concluded was an important factor considered by us in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing, or financial reporting issue; or (ii) any matter that was the subject of any disagreement, as defined in Item 304 (a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions, or a “reportable event” within the meaning set forth in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
The following table presents fees for professional audit services and other services rendered to us by our independent registered public accounting firms for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
|
| | | | | | | |
| 2015 | | 2014 |
Squar Milner | | | |
Audit Fees (1) | $ | 15,000 |
| | $ | 163,698 |
|
Audit-Related Fees (3) | 10,000 |
| | 3,000 |
|
Tax Fees (4) | 0 |
| | 0 |
|
All Other Fees | 0 |
| | 0 |
|
Subtotal for Squar Milner | $ | 25,000 |
| | $ | 166,698 |
|
| | | |
Crowe Horwath | | | |
Audit Fees (2) | $ | 163,677 |
| | 0 |
|
Audit-Related Fees (3) | 0 |
| | 0 |
|
Tax Fees (4) | 0 |
| | 0 |
|
All Other Fees | 0 |
| | 0 |
|
Subtotal for Crowe Horwath | $ | 163,677 |
| | 0 |
|
| | | |
Total Fees | $ | 188,677 |
| | $ | 166,698 |
|
______________________
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(1) | “Audit Fees” consist of fees for professional services rendered in connection with the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, including audited financial statements presented in our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC in connection with our initial public offering in 2014, review of our quarterly financial statements presented in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q through the quarter ended March 31, 2105, and services that are normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years. |
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(2) | “Audit Fees” consist of fees for professional services rendered in connection with the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, including audited financial statements presented in our From 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, review of our quarterly financial statements presented in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended June 30, 2015 and September 30, 2015, and services that are normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years. |
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(3) | “Audit-Related Fees” consist of fees for professional services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the company’s financial statements. Audit-related fees for 2014 also consisted of professional services rendered in connection with our Registration Statement on Form S-8 related to the registration of shares issuable pursuant to our equity incentive plans. |
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(4) | “Tax Fees” consist of professional services rendered in connection with tax audits, tax compliance, and tax consulting and planning. |
Auditor Independence
In 2015, there were no other professional services provided by Squar Milner or Crowe Horwath that would have required the audit committee to consider their compatibility with maintaining the independence of Squar Milner or Crowe Horwath.
Audit Committee Policy on Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services
Consistent with requirements of the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, regarding auditor independence, our audit committee is responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of our independent registered public accounting firm. In recognition of this responsibility, in our audit committee has a policy for the pre-approval of all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services.
Before engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm for the next fiscal year’s audit, the independent registered public accounting firm submits a detailed description of services expected to be rendered during that year for each of the following categories of services to the audit committee for approval:
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• | Audit services. Audit services include the annual financial statement audit (including required quarterly reviews) and other procedures required to be performed by the independent auditor to form an opinion on our consolidated financial statements. Audit services also include, as necessary, the attestation engagement for the independent auditor’s report on management’s report on internal controls for financial reporting. Other audit services may include services associated with SEC registration statements, periodic reports and other documents filed with the SEC. |
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• | Audit-related services. Audit-related services are assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements or that are traditionally performed by the independent auditor. |
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• | Tax Services. Tax services include services related to tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice. |
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• | All Other Services. All other services are those services not described in the other categories that are not prohibited by SEC rules. |
The audit committee pre-approves particular services or categories of services on a case-by-case basis. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage the independent registered public accounting firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the services must be pre-approved by the audit committee, or as permitted, the audit committee chair, before the independent registered public accounting firm is engaged. Pre-approval fee levels or budgeted amounts for all services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm are established annually by the audit committee. Any proposed services exceeding these levels or amounts require specific pre-approval by the audit committee, or the audit committee chair. All fees paid to Squar Milner and Crowe Horwath for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were pre-approved by the audit committee in accordance with the process described in the policy above.
Vote Required
The affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote is required to ratify the appointment of Crowe Horwath as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2016.
***THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE
RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF CROWE HORWATH LLP***
REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Audit Committee maintains effective working relationships with the Board, management and Crowe Horwath, LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm (the “Independent Accountants”). As set forth in the Audit Committee Charter, it is not the duty of the Audit Committee to plan or conduct audits or to determine that our Company’s consolidated financial statements and disclosures are complete and accurate and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and applicable rules and regulations. The Independent Accountants are responsible for auditing the Company’s consolidated financial statements and expressing an opinion as to their conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The Audit Committee has (1) reviewed and discussed the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 with the Company’s management and with the Independent Accountants; (2) discussed with the Independent Accountants the matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standards No. 16, Communication with Audit Committees, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; and (3) received the written disclosures and the letter from the Independent Accountants required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the Independent Accountants’ communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and the Audit Committee has discussed with the Independent Accountants the Independent Accountants’ independence and considered whether the provision of non-audit services by the Independent Accountants to the Company is compatible with the Independent Accountants’ independence.
Members of the Audit Committee rely, without independent verification, on the information provided to them and on the representations made by management and the Independent Accountants. Accordingly, the Audit Committee’s oversight does not provide an independent basis to determine that management has maintained appropriate accounting and financial reporting principles or appropriate internal controls and procedures designed to assure compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations. Furthermore, the Audit Committee’s considerations and discussions referred to above do not assure that the audits of the Company’s consolidated financial statements have been carried out in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, that the consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or that the Company’s Independent Accountants are in fact “independent.”
Based upon the reviews and discussions described above, and subject to the limitations on the role and responsibilities of the Audit Committee referred to in this report and in the Audit Committee Charter, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Submitted by the Audit Committee of the Board:
Janet Cooper (Chair)
Richard Kornfeld
John Major
BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Board Composition
Our business affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors, which is currently composed of eight members. Each director’s term will continue until the election and qualification of his or her successor, or his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal.
The board of directors met 10 times in 2015. Each board member attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of board meetings and meetings of standing committees of which he or she is a member.
Director Independence
Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. Under the rules of NASDAQ, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. In addition, the rules of NASDAQ require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent. Under the rules of NASDAQ, a director will only qualify as an ‘‘independent director’’ if, in the opinion of that company’s board of directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director and considered whether each director has a material relationship with us that could compromise such director’s ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his or her responsibilities. As a result of this review, our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Fox, Joseph, Kornfeld, and Major and Ms. Cooper are ‘‘independent directors’’ as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of NASDAQ.
Board Leadership Structure; Lead Independent Director
Mr. Lingren, our chief executive officer, served as chairman of our board of directors until June 9, 2015. Our board of directors believed that Mr. Lingren was best positioned to identify strategic priorities, lead critical discussions and execute our strategy and business plans. Mr. Lingren possesses detailed, in-depth knowledge of the issues, opportunities, and challenges facing us. Independent directors and management sometimes have different perspectives and roles in strategy development. Our independent directors bring experience, oversight and expertise from outside of our company, while the chief executive officer brings company specific experience and expertise. Our board of directors believed that Mr. Lingren’s combined role as chief executive officer and chairman enabled strong leadership, created clear accountability, and enhanced our ability to communicate our message and strategy clearly and consistently to stockholders.
Our corporate governance guidelines provide that one of our independent directors should serve as a lead independent director at any time when our chief executive officer serves as the chairman of our board of directors or if the chairman is not otherwise independent. Because Mr. Lingren was our chairman until June 9, 2015, our board of directors had appointed Mr. Major to serve as our lead independent director. As lead independent director, Mr. Major presided over periodic meetings of our independent directors, served as a liaison between our chairman and the independent directors, worked with Mr. Lingren to establish board meeting agendas, raised issues with management on behalf of the independent directors when appropriate, oversaw the general functioning of the board and committees and performed such additional duties as our board of directors otherwise determined and delegated.
On June 9, 2015, immediately following our 2015 annual meeting of stockholders, our board of directors appointed Mr. Major as chairman of the board. As chairman, Mr. Major will preside over meetings of our full board of directors and will otherwise continue to perform many of the same functions he previously performed as lead
independent director. Our board of directors elected to change our leadership structure to separate the roles of chief executive officer and chairman because the board believes that, at this time, Resonant and its stockholders are best served by having an independent chairman convene, establish, after consultation with management, set agenda items for, and preside over meetings of our board of directors and executive sessions of the independent directors. We further believe that our corporate governance principles and policies ensure that strong and independent directors will continue to effectively oversee our management and key issues related to long-range business plans, strategic issues, risks, and integrity.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee, each of which has the composition and responsibilities described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or as otherwise determined by our board of directors. Each of these standing committees operates under a written charter adopted by the board of directors. The charters are available on the Investor Relations portion of our website at ir.resonant.com.
Audit Committee. Messrs. Kornfeld and Major and Ms. Cooper, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors, serve on our audit committee, and Ms. Cooper chairs the committee. The audit committee met 7 times during 2015. Our board of directors has determined that each of the members of the audit committee satisfies the requirements for independence and financial literacy under the rules and regulations of NASDAQ and the SEC. Our board of directors has also determined that Ms. Cooper qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined in the SEC rules, and satisfies the financial sophistication requirements of NASDAQ. The audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
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• | appointing, overseeing, and if need be, terminating any independent auditor; |
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• | assessing the qualification, performance and independence of our independent auditor; |
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• | reviewing the audit plan and pre-approving all audit and non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditor; |
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• | reviewing our financial statements and related disclosures; |
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• | reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our accounting and financial reporting processes, systems of internal control and disclosure controls and procedures; |
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• | reviewing our overall risk management framework; |
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• | overseeing procedures for the treatment of complaints on accounting, internal accounting controls, or audit matters; |
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• | reviewing and discussing with management and the independent auditor the results of our annual audit, reviews of our quarterly financial statements and our publicly filed reports; |
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• | reviewing and approving related person transactions; and |
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• | preparing the audit committee report that the SEC requires in our annual proxy statement. |
Compensation Committee. Messrs. Joseph, Kornfeld and Major and Ms. Cooper, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors, comprise our compensation committee, and Mr. Kornfeld chairs the committee. The compensation committee met 7 times during 2015. Our board of directors has determined that each of the members of the compensation committee meets the requirements for independence under the rules of NASDAQ and the SEC and is an “outside director” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. The compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:
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• | reviewing the elements and amount of total compensation for all officers; |
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• | formulating and recommending any proposed changes in the compensation of our chief executive officer for approval by the board; |
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• | reviewing and approving any changes in the compensation for officers, other than our chief executive officer; |
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• | administering our equity compensation plans; |
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• | reviewing annually our overall compensation philosophy and objectives, including compensation program objectives, target pay positioning and equity compensation; and |
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• | preparing the compensation committee report that the SEC will require in our annual proxy statement. |
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation. None of the members of our compensation committee is or has been an officer or employee of our company. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the compensation committee or director (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of any such committee, the entire board of directors) of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our compensation committee or our board of directors.
Nominating and Governance Committee. Messrs. Kornfeld and Major and Ms. Cooper, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors, comprise our nominating and governance committee, and Mr. Major chairs the committee. The nominating and governance committee met 6 times during 2015. Our board of directors has determined that each of the members of the nominating and governance committee meets the requirements for independence under the rules of NASDAQ for service on this committee. The nominating and governance committee is responsible for, among other things:
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• | evaluating and making recommendations regarding the composition, organization and governance of our board of directors and its committees; |
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• | identifying, recruiting and nominating director candidates to the board if and when necessary; |
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• | evaluating and making recommendations regarding the creation of additional committees or the change in mandate or dissolution of committees; |
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• | reviewing and making recommendations with regard to our corporate governance guidelines and compliance with laws and regulations; and |
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• | reviewing and approving conflicts of interest of our directors and corporate officers, other than related person transactions reviewed by the audit committee. |
Board Member Nomination Process
The nominating and governance committee employs a variety of methods for identifying and evaluating director nominees. In its evaluation of director candidates, the nominating and governance committee will consider the current size and composition of the board of directors and the needs of the board of directors and the respective committees of the board of directors. Some of the qualifications that the committee considers include, without limitation, issues of character, integrity, judgment, diversity of experience, independence, area of expertise, corporate experience, length of service, potential conflicts of interest and other commitments. The nominating and governance committee requires the following minimum qualifications to be satisfied by any nominee for a position on our board of directors: (i) the highest personal and professional ethics and integrity, (ii) proven achievement and competence in the nominee’s field and the ability to exercise sound business judgment, (iii) skills and expertise that are complementary to those of the existing members of our board of directors, (iv) the ability to assist and support management and make significant contributions to the company’s success, and (v) an understanding of the fiduciary responsibilities that are required of a member of our board of directors, and the commitment of time and energy necessary to diligently carry out those responsibilities. Other than the foregoing, there are no stated minimum criteria for director nominees, although the nominating and governance committee may also consider other factors that it may deem, from time to time, in our and our stockholders’ best interests. The nominating and governance committee may also take measures that it considers appropriate in connection with its evaluation of a director candidate, including candidate interviews, inquiry of the person or persons making the recommendation or nomination, engagement of an outside search firm to gather additional information, or reliance on the knowledge of the members of the nominating and governance committee, the board of directors, or management.
Although the board of directors does not maintain a specific policy with respect to board diversity, the board of directors believes that the board should be a diverse body, and the nominating and governance committee considers a broad range of backgrounds and experiences. In making determinations regarding nominations of directors, the nominating and governance committee may take into account the benefits of diverse viewpoints. After completing its review and evaluation of director candidates, the nominating and governance committee recommends to the full board of directors the director nominees for election. The nominating and governance committee also considers these and other factors as it oversees the annual board of director and committee evaluations.
Stockholder Recommendations and Nominations of Candidates for Election to the Board of Directors
The nominating and governance committee will consider candidates for nomination to the board of directors recommended by any stockholder holding at least one percent (1%) of the fully diluted capitalization of Resonant for at least twelve months prior to the date that the recommendation is submitted. The committee will evaluate recommendations in accordance with its charter, our bylaws, our policies and procedures for director candidates, as well as the nominee criteria described above. This process is designed to ensure that the board of directors includes members with diverse backgrounds, skills and experience, including appropriate financial and other expertise relevant to our business. A stockholder wishing to recommend a candidate for nomination should contact our Secretary in writing, at the address indicated in the next paragraph. The recommendation must include the candidate’s name, home and business contact information, detailed biographical data, relevant qualifications, a signed letter from the candidate confirming willingness to serve on our board of directors, information regarding any relationships between the candidate and Resonant and evidence of the recommending stockholder’s ownership of our common stock. The recommendation must also include a statement from the recommending stockholder in support of the candidate, particularly within the context of the criteria for board of directors membership. Our nominating and governance committee has sole discretion to decide which individuals to recommend for nomination as directors.
A stockholder of record can nominate a candidate directly for election to the board by complying with the procedures in Section 2.4 of our bylaws and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. An eligible stockholder who wishes to submit a nomination should review the requirements in our bylaws for nominations by stockholders. Any nomination should be sent in writing to the company, addressed to the attention of the Secretary at Resonant Inc., 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117. Notice of nominations for the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders must be received by us no earlier than February 19, 2017 and no later than March 21, 2017. The notice must state the information required by Section 2.4 of our bylaws and otherwise comply with applicable federal and state law.
A copy of our bylaws may be obtained by accessing Resonant’s filings on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also contact our Secretary at our principal executive offices for a copy of the relevant bylaw provisions regarding the requirements for nominating director candidates.
Board’s Role in Risk Management Oversight
Risk is inherent with every business, and we face a number of risks, including strategic, financial, business and operational, legal and compliance, and reputational risks. We have designed and implemented processes to manage risk in our operations. Management is responsible for the day-to-day management of the risks we face, while our board of directors, as a whole and assisted by its committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk management. In its risk oversight role, our board must satisfy itself that the risk management processes designed and implemented by management are appropriate and functioning as designed.
Our board of directors believes that open communication between management and the board of directors is essential for effective risk management and oversight. Our board meets with our chief executive officer and other members of the senior management team at regularly scheduled quarterly board meetings and in other meetings between the quarterly meetings, where, among other topics, they discuss strategy and risks facing the company.
While our board of directors is ultimately responsible for risk oversight, our board committees assist the board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities in certain areas of risk. The audit committee assists our board of directors in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to risk management in the areas of internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, and legal and regulatory compliance. The audit committee also discusses guidelines and policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management with management and the independent auditor. In addition, the audit committee reviews management’s assessment of the key risks facing us, including the key controls it relies on to mitigate those risks. The audit committee also monitors certain key risks at each of its regularly scheduled meetings, such as risk associated with internal control over financial reporting and liquidity risk. The nominating and governance committee assists our board in fulfilling its
oversight responsibilities with respect to the management of risk associated with board organization, membership and structure, and corporate governance. The compensation committee assesses risks created by the incentives inherent in our compensation policies as well as in our leadership development and succession planning. Finally, the full board of directors reviews strategic and operational risk reported by the management team, receives reports on all significant committee activities at each regular meeting, and evaluates the risks inherent in significant transactions.
Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors
Stockholders wishing to communicate with our board of directors or with an individual member of our board may do so by writing to our board of directors or to the particular member of our board, and mailing the correspondence to our Secretary, Resonant Inc., 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117 or sending it by email to ir@resonant.com. Our legal counsel, or his designee in the legal department, will review all incoming stockholder communications (excluding mass mailings, product complaints or inquiries, job inquiries, business solicitations and patently offensive material), and if deemed appropriate, the stockholder communications will be forwarded to the appropriate member or members of our board of directors, or if none is specified, to the chairman of the board.
Corporate Governance Guidelines; Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Our board of directors has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines. These guidelines address items such as the qualifications and responsibilities of our directors and director candidates and corporate governance policies and standards applicable to us. In addition, our board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our employees, officers and directors, including our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, and other executive and senior financial officers. The full text of our Corporate Governance Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is posted on the Investor Relations portion of our website at ir.resonant.com. We will post amendments to our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or waivers of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for directors and executive officers on the same website.
Non-Employee Director Compensation
Director Compensation Table
The following table details the total compensation earned by our non-employee directors in fiscal year 2015:
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Director | | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash | | Stock Awards(1)(2)(3) | | Total |
Janet Cooper | | $50,000 | | $49,998 | | $99,998 |
Thomas Joseph | | $25,000 | | $91,920 | | $116,920 |
Richard Kornfeld | | $50,000 | | $49,998 | | $99,998 |
John Major | | $62,500 | | $74,997 | | $137,497 |
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(1) | Represents awards of restricted stock units, each of which entitles the director to receive one share of our common stock at the time of vesting, without the payment of an exercise price or other cash consideration. |
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(2) | These amounts represent the grant date fair value of the stock awards granted in fiscal year 2015 determined in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 718. These amounts may not correspond to the actual value eventually realized by the director, which depends in part on the market value of our common stock in future periods. Assumptions used in calculating these amounts are set forth in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. |
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(3) | On June 9, 2015, upon their reelection to the board, each of Ms. Cooper and Messrs. Kornfeld and Major received an award of restricted stock units for 12,594 shares of our common stock, which awards vest and settle 50% on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the first annual meeting of stockholders following the grant and (ii) June 9, 2016, and 50% on the earlier of (i) |
the day prior to the second annual meeting of stockholders following the grant and (ii) June 9, 2017. On August 6, 2015, in connection with his initial appointment to the board, Mr. Joseph received an award of restricted stock units for 24,000 shares of our common stock, which award vests and settles 50% on each of July 6, 2016 and July 6, 2017. On August 6, 2015, in connection with his appointment as chairman of the board, Mr. Major received an award of restricted stock units for 6,527 shares of our common stock, which award vests and settles 50% on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the first annual meeting of stockholders following the grant and (ii) August 6, 2016, and 50% on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the second annual meeting of stockholders following the grant and (ii) August 6, 2017.
Outside Director Compensation Policy
Our board of directors has adopted a policy for the compensation for our non-employee directors, or the Outside Directors. Outside Directors will receive compensation in the form of equity granted under the terms of our 2014 Plan and cash, as described below:
Initial award to Outside Directors. Each person who first becomes an Outside Director will be granted 24,000 restricted stock units, or the Initial RSU Award. These awards will be granted on the date of the first meeting of our board of directors or compensation committee occurring on or after the date on which the individual first became an Outside Director or commenced service as chairman or lead independent director. The shares underlying the Initial RSU Award will vest as to one-half of the shares subject to such award on each of the first and second anniversary of the commencement of the individual’s service as an Outside Director, subject to continued service as a director through the applicable vesting date. If a director’s status changes from an employee director to an Outside Director, he or she will not receive an Initial RSU Award.
Initial award to chairman or lead independent director. An Outside Director, upon first becoming chairman of the board or lead independent director, will be granted a restricted stock unit with a grant date fair value equal to $25,000, pro rated based on the number of days remaining from the date on which such Outside Director first becomes chairman or lead independent director until the first anniversary of our last annual meeting of stockholders. One-half of the shares underlying this award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the first annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) one year from grant, and one-half of the shares underlying this award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the second annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) two years from grant, subject to continued service as chairman of the board and/or lead independent director through the applicable vesting date.
Annual award to Outside Directors. On the date of each annual meeting of our stockholders, each Outside Director who has served on our board of directors for at least the preceding six months will be granted restricted stock units with a grant date fair value equal to $50,000, or the Annual RSU Award. One-half of the shares underlying the Annual RSU Award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the first annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) one year from grant, and one-half of the shares underlying the Annual RSU Award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the second annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) two years from grant, subject to continued service as a director through the applicable vesting date.
Annual award to chairman or lead independent director. On the date of each annual meeting of our stockholders, an Outside Director who has served as chairman of the board or lead independent director for at least the preceding six months will be granted, in addition to the Annual RSU Award, restricted stock units with a grant date fair value equal to $25,000. One-half of the shares underlying this award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the first annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) one year from grant, and one-half of the shares underlying this award will vest on the earlier of (i) the day prior to the second annual meeting of stockholders following the grant or (ii) two years from grant, subject to continued service as chairman of the board and/or lead independent director through the applicable vesting date.
Cash compensation. Each Outside Director receives an annual retainer of $50,000 in cash for serving on our board of directors, or the Annual Fee. The Outside Director who serves as chairman of the board or lead independent director will receive an additional annual cash retainer of $25,000. The Annual Fee is paid in quarterly installments to each Outside Director who has served in the relevant capacity for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter no later than 30 days following the end of such preceding fiscal quarter. An Outside Director who has served in the
relevant capacity for only a portion of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter will receive a prorated payment of the quarterly payment of the Annual Fee.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table provides information regarding our executive officers as of March 31, 2016. Our executive officers are appointed by our board of directors and serve until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
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Nominee | Age | Position |
Terry Lingren | 59 | Chief Executive Officer |
George Holmes | 53 | President and Chief Commercial Officer |
John Philpott | 55 | Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
Robert Hammond | 68 | Chief Technology Officer |
Neal Fenzi | 55 | Chief Operating Officer |
Terry Lingren. Mr. Lingren is a co-founder of Resonant and has served as Chief Executive Officer since June 2013. Mr. Lingren also served as Chairman of the Board of Resonant from June 2013 until June 2015, Interim Chief Financial Officer of Resonant from January 2014 until May 31, 2014, and as Chief Executive Officer of company subsidiary, Resonant LLC from June 2012 until June 2013. Prior to founding Resonant, Mr. Lingren served for more than 18 years in executive positions at Qualcomm, Inc. and Kyocera Corporation. Mr. Lingren served as Vice President of Engineering at Kyocera from February 2003 to July 2012, and as a Vice President of Engineering at Qualcomm from May 1994 to February 2003. Mr. Lingren holds a BA degree in physics from Austin College, a BSEE degree from Washington University and an MSEE degree from California State University Northridge.
George Holmes. Mr. Holmes joined Resonant in February 2016 as President and Chief Commercial Officer and as a member of our board of directors, and brings to us more than 30 years’ leadership experience in sales, marketing and management spanning a broad range of technologies, including semiconductor, optical components and systems and sub-systems for telecom and CATV. Prior to joining Resonant, Mr. Holmes most recently served as Chief Commercial Officer for Tigo Energy, where he was responsible for creating the company’s customer acquisition and expansion strategy. From 2013 to 2015, he worked for Energous Corporation, a developer of wire-free charging technology for electronic devices, first as Senior Vice President Sales & Marketing then as Chief Commercial Officer where he was responsible for securing development and licensing agreements, overseeing IP strategy and process, spearheading regulatory strategy and tactics and public and investor relations. From 2011 to 2013, he served as Vice President of Sales at SolarBridge Technologies, overseeing all sales, business development and sales operations. His prior experience includes serving as Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing for PureEnergy Solutions, a developer and manufacturer of wireless power products as well as senior sales executive roles at Agere Systems (formerly Lucent MicroElectronics), Ortel Corp (acquired by Lucent), Level One Communications and Symmetricom. Mr. Holmes holds a B.A. in Business from the University of Puget Sound and a Diploma in international business from Nyenrode University, Netherlands. Mr. Holmes was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive experience commercializing technologies.
John Philpott. Mr. Philpott has served as a financial consultant to Resonant since March 2014, and commenced service as our Chief Financial Officer on June 1, 2014. Mr. Philpott is a Certified Public Accountant and has over 20 years of financial and accounting management experience. From 1986 to 1995, Mr. Philpott served as a Senior Manager at Ernst & Young, LLP. From 1995 until 2006, he served first as Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer and then as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary at Miravant Medical Technologies, Inc. From 2007 to July 2010, Mr. Philpott served as Chief Financial and Accounting Officer and Treasurer at Kreido Biofuels, Inc. He later served as Interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary at Minatura Gold. Most recently, he served as the Chief Accounting Officer at the Select Staffing Family of Companies, or Select Staffing, a privately held temporary staffing company that voluntarily filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code on April 1, 2014. Mr. Philpott has a Bachelor of Science from California State University, Northridge and received a Masters of Business Administration from the University of California, Los Angeles, Anderson School of Business.
Robert Hammond. Dr. Hammond is a co-founder of Resonant and has served as our Chief Technology Officer and as a member of our board of directors since June 2013, and served as Chief Technology Officer of our subsidiary, Resonant LLC from June 2012 until June 2013. Prior to founding Resonant, Dr. Hammond served for more than 20 years as Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of Superconductor Technologies, Inc., where he was involved in the development of high temperature superconducting materials, cryogenic refrigeration and packaging, and RF and microwave circuits. Prior to that, he was Leader Electronics Advanced Development at Los Alamos National Labs. Dr. Hammond holds a BS degree in Physics, a MS degree in Applied Physics and a PhD in Applied Physics, each from the California Institute of Technology.
Neal Fenzi. Mr. Fenzi is a co-founder of Resonant and has served as our Chief Operating Officer since December 2014. Mr. Fenzi served as our Vice President of Engineering from June 2013 to December 2014, and served as our Secretary and Treasurer from June 2013 until January 2014. Mr. Fenzi also served as Vice President of Engineering of our subsidiary, Resonant LLC, from June 2012 until June 2013. Prior to founding Resonant, from 1991 until June 2012, Mr. Fenzi served in engineering, operations and marketing positions at Superconductor Technologies Inc., including as Vice President of Engineering, Chief Engineer and Vice President of Product Management. Mr. Fenzi holds a BSEE degree from New Mexico State University.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Processes and Procedures for Compensation Decisions
The compensation committee of the board is responsible for the executive compensation programs for our executive officers and reports to the board on its discussions, decisions and other actions. Typically, our chief executive officer makes recommendations to our compensation committee, often attends committee meetings and is involved in the determination of compensation for the executive officers that report to him, except that he does not make recommendations as to his own compensation. Our chief executive officer makes recommendations to our compensation committee regarding short-term and long-term compensation for all executive officers, excluding himself, based on our results, an individual executive officer’s contribution toward these results and performance toward individual goal achievement. Our compensation committee then reviews the recommendations and other data and makes decisions as to total compensation for each executive officer other than the chief executive officer, as well as each individual compensation component. The compensation committee makes recommendations to the board regarding compensation for the chief executive officer. The independent members of the board make the final decisions regarding executive compensation for our chief executive officer.
The compensation committee is authorized to retain the services of one or more executive compensation advisors, as it sees fit, in connection with the establishment of our compensation programs and related policies. In August 2014, the compensation committee retained Meridian Compensation Partners, LLC (“Meridian”), a compensation consultant, to provide it with information, recommendations and other advice relating to executive compensation on an ongoing basis. Accordingly, Meridian now serves at the discretion of the compensation committee. The compensation committee engaged Meridian to assist in developing an appropriate group of peer companies to help us determine the appropriate level of overall compensation for our executive officers, as well as assess each separate element of compensation, with a goal of ensuring that the compensation we offer to our executive officers is competitive and fair. The compensation committee did not use Meridian’s services during 2015.
Summary Compensation Table
The following table provides information regarding the compensation of our named executive officers during 2014 and 2015. As a “smaller reporting company,” as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, we are required to provide compensation disclosure for our principal executive officer and the two most highly compensated executive officers other than our principal executive officer. Throughout this proxy statement, these three officers are referred to as our “named executive officers.”
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| | | | | | | | |
Name and Principal Position | | Year | | Salary ($) | | Stock Awards ($)(1) | | Total ($) |
Terry Lingren | | 2015 | | 300,000 | | -- | | 300,000 |
Chief Executive Officer | | 2014 | | 248,907 | | 284,204 | | 533,111 |
| | | | | | | | |
Robert Hammond | | 2015 | | 250,000 | | -- | | 250,000 |
Chief Technology Officer | | 2014 | | 227,885 | | 236,835 | | 464,720 |
| | | | | | | | |
Neal Fenzi | | 2015 | | 250,000 | | -- | | 250,000 |
Chief Operating Officer | | 2014 | | 214,522 | | 236,835 | | 451,356 |
________________
| |
(1) | These amounts represent the grant date fair value of the stock and stock option awards determined in accordance with ASC Topic 718. These amounts may not correspond to the actual value eventually realized by the officer, which depends in part on the market value of our common stock in future periods. Assumptions used in calculating these amounts are set forth in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. |
2015 Equity Performance Bonus Program
During 2015, our executive officers, including our named executive officers, participated in the 2015 equity performance bonus program. The program provided for the award of shares and restricted stock units to our named executive officers if certain performance goals based on revenue and certain other non-monetary targets were attained in our 2015 fiscal year. In the event the goals were at least partially attained, the named executive officer would be eligible to receive an equity bonus equal to such officer’s base salary multiplied by a certain percentage, which percentage is based upon the number of goals achieved. The dollar value of the named executive officer’s award would then be divided by the average closing price of our common stock for the ten trading days ending on the last trading day of 2015 to determine the number of shares and restricted stock units to be issued to such officer. Of the total equity award, 50% would be issued in shares of common stock and the remaining 50% would be issued as restricted stock units that vest on January 1, 2017.
During 2015, each of our named executive officers was eligible to earn a 2015 equity bonus with a maximum value of up to 100% of the named executive officer’s base salary based on attainment of three baseline goals (relating to aggregate revenue for the year, success in hiring technical employees, and the number of customers with whom we were in development of a commercial product design) and two stretch goals (relating to aggregate revenue for the year and the number of customers with whom we were in development of a commercial product design), with the executive’s bonus percentage equal to the (i) baseline percentage plus (ii) the baseline percentage multiplied by the stretch multiplier, as shown in the following table:
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| | | | |
No. of Baseline Goals Achieved |
Baseline Percentage |
No. of Stretch Goals Achieved |
Stretch Multiplier | Cumulative Bonus Percentage |
0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0% |
0 | 0% | 1 | 50% | 0% |
0 | 0% | 2 | 100% | 0% |
1 | 16.66% | 0 | 0% | 16.66% |
1 | 16.66% | 1 | 50% | 25% |
1 | 16.66% | 2 | 100% | 33.32% |
2 | 33.33% | 0 | 0% | 33.33% |
2 | 33.33% | 1 | 50% | 50% |
2 | 33.33% | 2 | 100% | 66.66% |
3 | 50.00% | 0 | 0% | 50% |
3 | 50.00% | 1 | 50% | 75% |
3 | 50.00% | 2 | 100% | 100% |
Our compensation committee concluded that our executive officers, including our named executive officers, achieved one baseline goal for 2015 relating to the number of customers with whom we were in development of a commercial product design during the year, and each was thus entitled to an equity performance bonus with a value equal to 16.66% of the executive officer’s base salary for fiscal year 2015. Based on Resonant’s overall performance during 2015, however, the executive officers recommended to the compensation committee, and the compensation committee agreed, that our executive officers, including our named executive officers, not receive an equity performance bonus for 2015.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
The following table presents certain information concerning equity awards held by our named executive officers as of December 31, 2015.
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| | | | | | |
| | | | Stock Awards |
Name | | Grant Date | | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#) | | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(1) |
Terry Lingren | | 12/04/2014 | | 35,261(2) | | 93,442 |
Robert Hammond | | 12/04/2014 | | 29,384(2) | | 77,868 |
Neal Fenzi | | 12/04/2014 | | 29,384(2) | | 77,868 |
_________________
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(1) | The market value of the restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of our common stock as of December 31, 2015, which was $2.65 per share. |
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(2) | Represents a grant of restricted stock units, of which 25% vests on the first business day of each of 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. |
Executive Officer Employment Letters
We entered into an executive employment letter, dated June 17, 2013, with each of our named executive officers. The letters have no specific duration and provide for at-will employment. Each of our named executive officers may be entitled to receive severance benefits under a severance and change in control agreement, as described below.
Severance and Change in Control Agreements
We have entered into severance and change in control agreements with participating employees, including our named executive officers, which provide these employees with severance benefits upon the employee’s termination of employment in certain circumstances with certain additional benefits following a change in control of Resonant. These benefits provide the participating employees with enhanced financial security and incentive to remain with Resonant notwithstanding their at-will employment with us and the possibility of a change in control.
Termination Without Change in Control
If we terminate the participant’s employment with Resonant for a reason other than cause, the participant becoming disabled or the participant’s death, and the termination does not occur within twenty-four months immediately following a “change in control,” the participant will receive the following severance benefits:
Accrued Compensation: The participant will receive all accrued but unpaid paid time off, expense reimbursements, wages, and other benefits due to the participant under any Resonant provided plans, policies, and arrangements.
Severance Payment: The participant will receive severance in an amount equal to eighteen (18) months of the participant’s base salary then in effect, immediately prior to the date of the participant’s termination of employment, less all required tax withholdings and other applicable deductions, payable as soon as practicable following the participant’s termination of employment.
Pro-Rated Bonus Payment: The participant will receive a lump-sum severance payment equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the participant’s target bonus as in effect for the fiscal year in which the termination occurs, pro-rated for the portion of the fiscal year that the participant was employed by us.
Continued Health Insurance Benefits: We will reimburse the participant for premiums for coverage of the participant and his or her eligible dependents pursuant to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended (“COBRA”) (at the coverage levels in effect immediately prior to termination of employment) until the earliest to occur of (A) a period of twelve (12) months from the last date of employment with us, (B) the date upon which the participant becomes eligible for coverage under a health, dental, or vision insurance plan of a subsequent employer, and (C) the date the participant or his or her dependents cease to be eligible for COBRA coverage.
Equity: All of the participant’s unvested and outstanding equity awards that would have become vested had the participant remained in our employ for the twelve (12) month period following termination of employment shall immediately vest and become exercisable as of the date of termination, and the participant will have six months following termination of employment in which to exercise any stock options, stock appreciation rights, or similar rights to acquire our common stock.
Outplacement Benefits. If requested by the participant, we will pay the expense for outplacement benefits provided by a service to be determined by us for a period of six (6) months, up to a maximum dollar value of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per participant.
Termination Following Change in Control
If during the twenty-four (24) month period immediately following a change in control of Resonant, (x) we terminate the participant’s employment with us for a reason other than cause, the participant becoming disabled or the participant’s death, or (y) the participant resigns his employment for good reason, then the participant will receive the following benefits from us in lieu of the benefits described above under “Termination Without Change in Control”:
Accrued Compensation: The participant will receive all accrued but unpaid paid time off, expense reimbursements, wages, and other benefits due to the participant under any Resonant -provided plans, policies, and arrangements.
Severance Payment: The participant will receive a lump sum severance in an amount equal to eighteen (18) months of the participant’s base salary then in effect.
Target Bonus Payment: The participant will receive a lump sum severance payment equal to 100% of the participant’s full target bonus for the fiscal year in effect at the date of such termination of employment (or, if greater, as in effect for the fiscal year in which the change in control occurs).
Continued Health Insurance Benefits: We will reimburse the participant for premiums for coverage of the participant and his or her eligible dependents pursuant to the COBRA (at the coverage levels in effect immediately prior to termination of employment) until the earliest to occur of (A) a period of twelve (12) months from the last date of employment with us, (B) the date upon which the participant becomes eligible for coverage under a health, dental, or vision insurance plan of a subsequent employer, and (C) the date the participant or his or her dependents cease to be eligible for COBRA coverage.
Equity: All of the participant’s unvested and outstanding equity awards shall immediately vest and become exercisable as of the date of termination, and the participant will have six (6) months following termination of employment in which to exercise any stock options, stock appreciation rights, or similar rights to acquire our common stock.
Outplacement Benefits. If requested by the participant, we will pay the expense for outplacement benefits provided by a service to be determined by us for a period of six (6) months, up to a maximum dollar value of five thousand dollars ($5,000) per participant.
Pension Benefits and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
We do not provide a pension plan for our employees, and none of our named executive officers participated in a nonqualified deferred compensation plan in 2015.
401(k) Plan
We maintain a tax-qualified retirement plan, or the 401(k) plan, that provides eligible employees with an opportunity to save for retirement on a tax-advantaged basis. Eligible employees are able to participate in the 401(k) plan as of the first day of the month following the date they meet the 401(k) plan’s eligibility requirements, and participants are able to defer up to 100% of their eligible compensation subject to applicable annual Code limits. All participants’ interests in their deferrals are 100% vested when contributed. The 401(k) plan permits us to make matching contributions and profit sharing contributions to eligible participants. We have implemented a matching program, which is limited to 5% of base salary. In 2015, we made matching contributions of $173,388 into the plan.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We describe below transactions, and series of related transactions, since January 1, 2014 to which we were or will be a party, in which:
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• | the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and |
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• | any of our directors, executive officers, or beneficial holders of more than 5% of any class of our capital stock, or their immediate family members, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. |
Other than as described below, there has not been, nor is there any currently proposed, transaction or series of related transactions to which we have been or will be a party other than compensation arrangements, which are described where required under the headings “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance - Director Compensation Table” and “Executive Compensation.”
Registration Rights
We are party to registration rights agreements which provide our founders and certain holders of our common stock and warrants, including certain holders of 5% or more of our capital stock, with registration rights, including the right to demand that we file a registration statement or request that their shares be covered by a registration statement that we are otherwise filing.
Indemnification Agreements
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our current directors, executive officers and certain key employees. The indemnification agreements and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions
Our audit committee has the primary responsibility for reviewing and approving or disapproving “related party transactions,” which are transactions between us and related persons in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed $120,000 and in which a related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. Our policy regarding transactions between us and related persons provides that a related person is defined as a director, executive officer, nominee for director or greater than 5% beneficial owner of our common stock, in each case since the beginning of the most recently completed year, and any of their immediate family members. Our audit committee charter provides that our audit committee shall review and approve or disapprove any related party transactions.
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
The following table summarizes certain information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2015.
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| | | | | | | |
Plan Category | Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (a) | Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (b)(1) | Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)) (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (2) | 940,679 |
| $ | 6.57 |
| 309,966 |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | -- |
| -- |
| -- |
|
Total | 940,679 |
| 6.57 |
| 309,966 |
|
______________
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(1) | The weighted average exercise price is calculated based solely on outstanding stock options. It does not take into account restricted stock units, which have no exercise price. |
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(2) | Consists of the Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan. |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 31, 2016, for:
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• | each of our named executive officers; |
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• | all of our executive officers and directors as a group; and |
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• | each person, or group of affiliated persons, who beneficially owned more than 5% of our common stock. |
We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Except as indicated by the footnotes below, we believe, based on information furnished to us, that the persons and entities named in the table below have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares of common stock that they beneficially owned, subject to applicable community property laws.
We have based percentage ownership of our common stock on 7,391,008 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2016. In computing the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of such person, we deemed to be outstanding all shares of common stock subject to options held by the person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016, as well as all shares of common stock issuable pursuant to restricted stock units held by the person that are subject to vesting conditions expected to occur within 60 days of March 31, 2016. However, we did not deem such shares outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Resonant Inc., 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117.
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| | | | | | |
| Common Stock Beneficially Owned |
Name of Beneficial Owner | Number | | Percentage |
Named Executive Officers and Directors: | | | |
Terry Lingren(1) | 437,670 |
| | 5.9 | % |
Robert Hammond(2) | 435,887 |
| | 5.8 | % |
Neal Fenzi(3) | 435,887 |
| | 5.8 | % |
Janet Cooper | 39,000 |
| | * |
|
Michael Fox(4) | 700,000 |
| | 9.5 | % |
George Holmes | 27,000 |
| | * |
|
Thomas Joseph | -- |
| | -- |
|
Richard Kornfeld | 24,000 |
| | * |
|
John Major | 24,000 |
| | * |
|
All executive officers and directors as a group (10 persons)(5) | 2,194,276 |
| | 28.6 | % |
| | | |
Other 5% Stockholders: | | | |
Lone Wolf Holdings, LLC(6) | 1,260,094 |
| | 17.1 | % |
Park City Capital, LLC(7) | 700,000 |
| | 9.5 | % |
*Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent.
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(1) | Consists of (i) 352,149 shares of common stock, (ii) 83,333 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016, and (iii) 2,188 stock options that are exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016. |
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(2) | Consists of (i) 350,679 shares of common stock, (ii) 83,333 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016, and (iii) 1,875 shares of common stock pursuant to stock options that are exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016. |
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(3) | Consists of (i) 350,679 shares of common stock, (ii) 83,333 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016, and (iii) 1,875 shares of common stock pursuant to stock options that are exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016 |
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(4) | Consists of 700,000 shares of common stock owned by Park City Capital, LLC. Michael Fox has voting and dispositive power with respect to these securities. |
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(5) | Consists of (i) 1,901,620 shares of common stock, (ii) 42,657 shares of common stock subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016, and (iii) 249,999 shares of common stock subject to warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2016. |
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(6) | Consists of shares of common stock. The address for Lone Wolf Holdings, LLC is 77 Oregon Road, Bedford Corners, NY 10549. Peter Appel, sole member of Lone Wolf Holdings, LLC, has voting and dispositive power with respect to these securities. |
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(7) | Consists of shares of common stock. The address for Park City Capital, LLC is 200 Crescent Court, Suite 1575, Dallas, TX. Michael Fox has voting and dispositive power with respect to these securities. |
OTHER MATTERS
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires that our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of our common stock, file reports of ownership and changes of ownership with the SEC. Such directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. SEC regulations require us to identify in this proxy statement anyone who filed a required report late during the most recent year. Based on our review of forms we received, or written representations from reporting persons stating that they were not required to file these forms, we believe that during 2015, all Section 16(a) filing requirements were satisfied on a timely basis.
2015 Annual Report and SEC Filings
Our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our Annual Report and this proxy statement are posted on our website at ir.resonant.com and are available from the SEC at its website at www.sec.gov. You may also obtain a copy of our Annual Report and this proxy statement without charge by sending a written request to Secretary, Resonant Inc., 110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100, Goleta, California 93117.
Deadlines to Propose Actions for Consideration at the 2017 Annual Meeting
Stockholder Proposals for Inclusion in Proxy Statement. Stockholders may present proper proposals for inclusion in our proxy statement and for consideration at the 2017 annual meeting of stockholders by submitting their proposals in writing to our Secretary in a timely manner. For a stockholder proposal to be considered for inclusion in our proxy statement for our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders, our Secretary must receive the written proposal at our principal executive offices no later than January 5, 2017. In addition, stockholder proposals must comply with the requirements of SEC Rule 14a-8 regarding the inclusion of stockholder proposals in company-sponsored proxy materials. Proposals should be addressed to:
Resonant Inc.
Attention: Corporate Secretary
110 Castilian Drive, Suite 100
Goleta, California 93117
Stockholder Proposals Not for Inclusion in Proxy Statement. Our bylaws also establish an advance notice procedure for stockholders who wish to present a proposal before an annual meeting of stockholders but do not intend for the proposal to be included in our proxy statement. Our bylaws provide that the only business that may be conducted at an annual meeting is business that is (i) specified in our proxy materials with respect to the meeting, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of our board of directors, or (iii) properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder of record entitled to vote at the annual meeting who has delivered timely written notice to our Secretary. The written notice must contain the information specified in our bylaws. To be timely for our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders, our Secretary must receive the written notice at our principal executive offices no earlier than February 19, 2017, and no later than the close of business on March 21, 2017.
If we hold our 2017 annual meeting of stockholders more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after the one-year anniversary date of the 2016 Annual Meeting, then notice of a stockholder proposal that is not intended to be included in our proxy statement must be received no earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before the annual meeting and no later than the close of business on the later (i) the 90th day prior to the annual meeting; or (ii) the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of the meeting is first made. If a
stockholder who has notified us of his or her intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting does not appear to present his or her proposal at the meeting, we are not required to present the proposal for a vote at the meeting.
Availability of Bylaws. A copy of our bylaws may be obtained by accessing Resonant’s filings on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also contact our Secretary at our principal executive offices for a copy of the relevant bylaw provisions regarding the requirements for stockholder proposals.
ANNEX A
FULL TEXT OF THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF RESONANT INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
RESONANT INC.
a Delaware Corporation
Resonant Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies as follows:
A. The original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 19, 2012.
B. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), and restates, integrates and further amends the provisions of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation. Pursuant to resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, a special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation was duly called and held, upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of the DGCL, at which meeting the necessary number of shares as required by statute were voted in favor of the amendments in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
C. The text of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
ARTICLE I
The name of the Corporation is Resonant Inc.
ARTICLE II
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.
ARTICLE III
The nature of the business or purpose to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the DGCL.
ARTICLE IV
Section 4.1Authorized Capital Stock. The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock that the Corporation is authorized to issue is 50,000,000 shares, consisting of 47,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”).
Section 4.2Increase or Decrease in Authorized Capital Stock. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL (or any successor provision thereto), voting together as a single class, without a separate vote of the holders of the class or classes the number of authorized shares of which are being increased or decreased, unless a vote by any holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock is required by the express terms of any series of Preferred Stock as provided for or fixed pursuant to the provisions of Section 4.4 of this Article IV.
Section 4.3Common Stock.
(a)The holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to one vote for each such share on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders on which the holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to vote. Except as otherwise required by law or this certificate of incorporation (this “Certificate of Incorporation” which term, as used herein, shall mean the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended from time to time, including the terms of any certificate of designations of any series of Preferred Stock), and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders the holders of shares of Common Stock shall have the right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters properly submitted to a vote of the stockholders; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation that relates solely to the terms, number of shares, powers, designations, preferences, or relative participating, optional or other special rights (including, without limitation, voting rights), or to qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, by any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) or pursuant to the DGCL.
(b)Subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions (payable in cash, property or capital stock of the Corporation) when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of Directors from time to time out of any assets or funds of the Corporation legally available therefor and shall share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions.
(c)In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation, and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock in respect thereof, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders, ratably in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock held by them.
Section 4.4Preferred Stock.
(a)The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series pursuant to a resolution or resolutions providing for such issue duly adopted by the Board of Directors (authority to do so being hereby expressly vested in the Board of Directors). The Board of Directors is further authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to fix by resolution or resolutions and to set forth in a certification of designations filed pursuant to the DGCL the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participation, optional or other rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, of any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock, including without limitation authority to fix by resolution or resolutions the dividend rights, dividend rate, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions), redemption price or prices, and liquidation preferences of any such series, and the number of shares constituting any such series and the designation thereof, or any of the foregoing.
(b)The Board of Directors is further authorized to increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the class) or decrease (but not below the number of shares of any such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series, the number of which was fixed by it, subsequent to the issuance of shares of such series then outstanding, subject to the powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof stated in the Certificate of Incorporation or the resolution of the Board of Directors originally fixing the number of shares of such series. If the number of shares of any series is so decreased, then the shares constituting such decrease shall resume the status which they had prior to the adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such series.
ARTICLE V
Section 5.1General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
Section 5.2Number of Directors; Election; Term.
(a)Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, the number of directors that constitutes the entire Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely by resolution of the Board of Directors.
(b)Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, each director shall serve until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.
(c)Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.
Section 5.3Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, and except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, vacancies occurring on the Board of Directors for any reason and newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by vote of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, at any meeting of the Board of Directors. A person so elected by the Board of Directors to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of directors and until his or her successor shall be duly elected and qualified.
ARTICLE VI
In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors of the Corporation is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VII
Section 7.1No Action by Written Consent of Stockholders. Except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of any series of Preferred Stock permitting the holders of such series of Preferred Stock to act by written consent, any action required or permitted to be taken by stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Section 7.2Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation (i) may be called by the Board of Directors, the chairperson of the Board of Directors, the chief executive officer or the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer) at any time and for any purpose or purposes as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting, and (ii) shall be called by the secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting, subject to and in compliance with this Article VII and the Bylaws of the Corporation.
Section 7.3Advance Notice. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VIII
Section 8.1Limitation of Personal Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended from time to time, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.
Section 8.2Indemnification.
The Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding. The Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such person only if the Proceeding was authorized by the Board.
The Corporation shall have the power to indemnify, to the extent permitted by the DGCL, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended from time to time, any employee or agent of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding.
Any repeal or amendment of this Article VIII by the stockholders of the Corporation or by changes in law, or the adoption of any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article VIII will, unless otherwise required by law, be prospective only (except to the extent such amendment or change in law permits the Corporation to further limit or eliminate the liability of directors) and shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent provision with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent provision.
ARTICLE IX
The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation (including any rights, preferences or other designations of Preferred Stock), in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by this Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL; and all rights, preferences and privileges herein conferred upon stockholders by and pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation in its present form or as hereafter amended are granted subject to the right reserved in this Article IX. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation, and in addition to any other vote that may be required by law or the terms of any series of Preferred Stock, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required to amend, alter or repeal, or adopt any provision as part of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with the purpose and intent of, Article VI, Article VII or this Article IX (including, without limitation, any such Article as renumbered as a result of any amendment, alteration, change, repeal or adoption of any other Article).
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Resonant Inc. has caused this Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation on this [•] day of [•], 20[•].
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| By: | |
| | Terry Lingren |
| | Chief Executive Officer |
ANNEX B
MARKED COPY OF THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF RESONANT INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
RESONANT INC.
a Delaware Corporation
Resonant Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies as follows:
A. The original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 19, 2012.
B. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), and restates, integrates and further amends the provisions of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, and has been duly approved by the written consent. Pursuant to resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, a special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation was duly called and held, upon notice in accordance with Section 228 of the DGCL222 of the DGCL, at which meeting the necessary number of shares as required by statute were voted in favor of the amendments in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
C. The text of the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
ARTICLE I
The name of the Corporation is Resonant Inc.
ARTICLE II
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.
ARTICLE III
The nature of the business or purpose to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the DGCL.
ARTICLE IV
Section 4.1Authorized Capital Stock. The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock that the Corporation is authorized to issue is 50,000,000 shares, consisting of 47,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”).
Section 4.2Increase or Decrease in Authorized Capital Stock. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL (or any successor provision thereto), voting together as a single class, without a separate vote of the holders of the class or classes the number of authorized shares of which are being increased or decreased, unless a vote by any holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock is required by the express terms of any series of Preferred Stock as provided for or fixed pursuant to the provisions of Section 4.4 of this Article IV.
Section 4.3Common Stock.
(a)The holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to one vote for each such share on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders on which the holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to vote. Except as otherwise required by law or this certificate of incorporation (this “Certificate of Incorporation” which term, as used herein, shall mean the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended from time to time, including the terms of any certificate of designations of any series of Preferred Stock), and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders the holders of shares of Common Stock shall have the right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters properly submitted to a vote of the stockholders; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation that relates solely to the terms, number of shares, powers, designations, preferences, or relative participating, optional or other special rights (including, without limitation, voting rights), or to qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, by any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) or pursuant to the DGCL.
(b)Subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions (payable in cash, property or capital stock of the Corporation) when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of Directors from time to time out of any assets or funds of the Corporation legally available therefor and shall share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions.
(c)In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other
liabilities of the Corporation, and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock in respect thereof, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders, ratably in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock held by them.
Section 4.4Preferred Stock.
(a)The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series pursuant to a resolution or resolutions providing for such issue duly adopted by the Board of Directors (authority to do so being hereby expressly vested in the Board of Directors). The Board of Directors is further authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to fix by resolution or resolutions and to set forth in a certification of designations filed pursuant to the DGCL the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participation, optional or other rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, of any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock, including without limitation authority to fix by resolution or resolutions the dividend rights, dividend rate, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions), redemption price or prices, and liquidation preferences of any such series, and the number of shares constituting any such series and the designation thereof, or any of the foregoing.
(b)The Board of Directors is further authorized to increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the class) or decrease (but not below the number of shares of any such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series, the number of which was fixed by it, subsequent to the issuance of shares of such series then outstanding, subject to the powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof stated in the Certificate of Incorporation or the resolution of the Board of Directors originally fixing the number of shares of such series. If the number of shares of any series is so decreased, then the shares constituting such decrease shall resume the status which they had prior to the adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such series.
ARTICLE V
Section 5.1General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
Section 5.2Number of Directors; Election; Term.
(a)Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, the number of directors that constitutes the entire Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely by resolution of the Board of Directors.
(b)Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, each director shall serve until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.
(c)Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.
Section 5.3Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors, and except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, vacancies occurring on the Board of Directors for any reason and newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by vote of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, at any meeting of the Board of Directors. A person so elected by the Board of Directors to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of directors and until his or her successor shall be duly elected and qualified.
ARTICLE VI
In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors of the Corporation is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VII
Section 7.1No Action by Written Consent of Stockholders. Except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of any series of Preferred Stock permitting the holders of such series of Preferred Stock to act by written consent, any action required or permitted to be taken by stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Section 7.2Special Meetings. Except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of any series of Preferred Stock permitting the holders of such series of Preferred Stock to call a special meeting of the holders of such series, specialSpecial meetings of stockholders of the Corporation (i) may be called only by the Board of Directors, the chairperson of the Board of Directors, the chief executive officer or the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer), and the ability of the stockholders to call a special meeting is hereby specifically denied. The Board of Directors may cancel, postpone or reschedule any previously scheduled special meeting at any time, before or after the notice for such meeting has been sent to the stockholders at any time and for any purpose or purposes as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting, and (ii) shall be called by the secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting, subject to and in compliance with this Article VII and the Bylaws of the Corporation.
Section 7.3Advance Notice. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VIII
Section 8.1Limitation of Personal Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended from time to time, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the DGCL is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.
Section 8.2Indemnification.
The Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding. The Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such person only if the Proceeding was authorized by the Board.
The Corporation shall have the power to indemnify, to the extent permitted by the DGCL, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended from time to time, any employee or agent of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any such Proceeding.
Any repeal or amendment of this Article VIII by the stockholders of the Corporation or by changes in law, or the adoption of any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article VIII will, unless otherwise required by law, be prospective only (except to the extent such amendment or change in law permits the Corporation to further limit or eliminate the liability of directors) and shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent provision with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or amendment or adoption of such inconsistent provision.
ARTICLE IX
The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation (including any rights, preferences or other designations of Preferred Stock), in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by this Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL; and all rights, preferences and privileges herein conferred upon stockholders by and pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation in its present form or as hereafter amended are granted subject to the right reserved in this Article IX. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation, and in addition to any other vote that may be required by law or the terms of any series of Preferred Stock, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required to amend, alter or repeal, or adopt any provision as part of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with the purpose and intent of, Article VI, Article VII or this Article IX (including, without limitation, any such Article as renumbered as a result of any amendment, alteration, change, repeal or adoption of any other Article).
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Resonant Inc. has caused this Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation on this 3rd[•] day of June[•], 2014.20[•].
ANNEX C
FULL TEXT OF THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF RESONANT INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
RESONANT INC.
(as amended and restated on [•])
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES | 1 |
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Section 1.1 | REGISTERED OFFICE | 1 |
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Section 1.2 | OTHER OFFICES | 1 |
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ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS | 1 |
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Section 2.1 | PLACE OF MEETINGS | 1 |
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Section 2.2 | ANNUAL MEETING | 1 |
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Section 2.3 | SPECIAL MEETING | 1 |
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Section 2.4 | ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES | 5 |
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Section 2.5 | NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS | 10 |
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Section 2.6 | QUORUM | 10 |
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Section 2.7 | ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE | 10 |
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Section 2.8 | CONDUCT OF BUSINESS | 11 |
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Section 2.9 | VOTING | 11 |
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Section 2.10 | STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING | 11 |
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Section 2.11 | RECORD DATES | 11 |
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Section 2.12 | PROXIES | 12 |
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Section 2.13 | LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE | 12 |
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Section 2.14 | INSPECTORS OF ELECTION | 13 |
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ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS | 14 |
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Section 3.1 | POWERS | 14 |
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Section 3.2 | NUMBER OF DIRECTORS | 14 |
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Section 3.3 | ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS | 14 |
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Section 3.4 | RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES | 14 |
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Section 3.5 | PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE | 15 |
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Section 3.6 | REGULAR MEETINGS | 15 |
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Section 3.7 | SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE | 15 |
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Section 3.8 | QUORUM; VOTING | 16 |
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Section 3.9 | BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING | 16 |
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Section 3.10 | FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS | 16 |
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Section 3.11 | REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS | 16 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued) |
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ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES | 17 |
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Section 4.1 | COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS | 17 |
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Section 4.2 | COMMITTEE MINUTES | 17 |
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Section 4.3 | MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES | 17 |
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Section 4.4 | SUBCOMMITTEES | 18 |
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ARTICLE V - OFFICERS | 18 |
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Section 5.1 | OFFICERS | 18 |
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Section 5.2 | APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS | 18 |
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Section 5.3 | SUBORDINATE OFFICERS | 18 |
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Section 5.4 | REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS | 19 |
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Section 5.5 | VACANCIES IN OFFICES | 19 |
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Section 5.6 | REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS | 19 |
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Section 5.7 | AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS | 19 |
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Section 5.8 | THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD | 19 |
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Section 5.9 | THE VICE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD | 20 |
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Section 5.10 | THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | 20 |
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Section 5.11 | THE PRESIDENT | 20 |
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Section 5.12 | THE VICE PRESIDENTS AND ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS | 20 |
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Section 5.13 | THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES | 20 |
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Section 5.14 | THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS | 21 |
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ARTICLE VI - STOCK | 21 |
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Section 6.1 | STOCK CERTIFICATES | 21 |
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Section 6.2 | SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES | 22 |
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Section 6.3 | LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES | 22 |
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Section 6.4 | DIVIDENDS | 22 |
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Section 6.5 | TRANSFER OF STOCK | 23 |
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Section 6.6 | STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS | 23 |
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Section 6.7 | REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS | 23 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
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ARTICLE VII - MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER | 23 |
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Section 7.1 | NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS | 23 |
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Section 7.2 | NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION | 23 |
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Section 7.3 | NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS | 24 |
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Section 7.4 | NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL | 24 |
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Section 7.5 | WAIVER OF NOTICE | 25 |
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ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION | 25 |
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Section 8.1 | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARTY PROCEEDINGS | 25 |
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Section 8.2 | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION | 25 |
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Section 8.3 | SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE | 26 |
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Section 8.4 | INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS | 26 |
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Section 8.5 | ADVANCED PAYMENT OF EXPENSES | 26 |
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Section 8.6 | LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION | 27 |
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Section 8.7 | DETERMINATION; CLAIM | 27 |
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Section 8.8 | NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS | 28 |
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Section 8.9 | INSURANCE | 28 |
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Section 8.10 | SURVIVAL | 28 |
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Section 8.11 | EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION | 28 |
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Section 8.12 | CERTAIN DEFINITIONS | 28 |
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ARTICLE IX - GENERAL MATTERS | 29 |
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Section 9.1 | EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS | 29 |
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Section 9.2 | FISCAL YEAR | 29 |
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Section 9.3 | SEAL | 29 |
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Section 9.4 | CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS | 29 |
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ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS | 29 |
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ARTICLE XI - FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES | 30 |
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AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
RESONANT INC.
ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES
Section 1.1REGISTERED OFFICE
The registered office of Resonant Inc. shall be fixed in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation. References in these bylaws to the certificate of incorporation shall mean the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, as amended from time to time, including the terms of any certificate of designations of any series of Preferred Stock.
Section 1.2OTHER OFFICES
The corporation’s board of directors may at any time establish other offices at any place or places where the corporation is qualified to do business.
ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 2.1PLACE OF MEETINGS
Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, designated by the board of directors. The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the corporation’s principal executive office.
Section 2.2ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held on such date, at such time, and at such place (if any) within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors and stated in the corporation’s notice of the meeting. At the annual meeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be transacted.
Section 2.3SPECIAL MEETING
(a)A special meeting of the stockholders, other than those required by statute, may be called at any time by (A) the board of directors, (B) the chairperson of the board of directors, (C) the chief executive officer or (D) the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer) and shall be called by the secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special
meeting (the “Requisite Percentage”), subject to and in compliance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation, or any successor provision thereto, and this Section 2.3.
(i)In order for a special meeting to be called upon stockholder request (“Stockholder Requested Special Meeting”), one or more requests for a special meeting (each, a “Special Meeting Request” and, collectively, the “Special Meeting Requests”), must be signed by Proposing Persons (as defined below) that have a combined Net Long Beneficial Ownership (as defined below) of at least the Requisite Percentage. In determining whether a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting has been properly requested by Proposing Persons that have a combined Net Long Beneficial Ownership of at least the Requisite Percentage, multiple Special Meeting Requests delivered to the secretary will be considered together if (i) each Special Meeting Request generally identifies the same purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and generally the same matters proposed to be acted on at such meeting (in each case as determined in good faith by the board of directors), and (ii) such Special Meeting Requests have been dated and delivered to the secretary within 30 days of the earliest dated Special Meeting Request. Additionally, the Special Meeting Request(s) shall provide in reasonable detail, the following:
(1)As to each Proposing Person, (A) the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if applicable, the name and address as they appear on the corporation’s books), (B) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are owned beneficially and/or of record by such Proposing Person (with reasonable evidence of such ownership attached), except that such Proposing Person shall be deemed for such purpose to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation as to which such Proposing Person has the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time or the fulfillment of a condition or both), (C) a representation that such Proposing Person intends to hold at least the outstanding shares of the corporation described in the immediately preceding clause (B) through the date of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and (D) an acknowledgement by the Proposing Person that any reduction in such Proposing Person’s Net Long Beneficial Ownership with respect to which a Special Meeting Request relates following the delivery of such Special Meeting Request to the secretary shall constitute a revocation of such Special Meeting Request to the extent of such reduction (provided that the change of any right to acquire capital stock into such capital stock will not be considered a reduction);
(2)As to the purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, a reasonably brief statement of the purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, the matter(s) proposed to be acted on at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and the text of any proposal or business to be considered at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting (including the text of any resolutions proposed to be considered and, in
the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment); and
(3)To the extent not duplicative of the information called for by Section 2.3, the information as would be required by Section 2.4 of these bylaws, including, without limitation, the information regarding any material interest of the Proposing Person in the matter(s) proposed to be acted on at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, all agreements, arrangements or understandings between or among any Proposing Person and any other record holder or beneficial owner of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, and all information required by Section 2.4(c) with respect to director nominations, including the information set forth in Section 2.4(b)(ii) and Section 2.4(b)(iii).
(4)For purposes of this Section 2.3, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
“Proposing Person” shall mean (A) each stockholder that is a beneficial owner or record owner that signs a Special Meeting Request pursuant to Section 2.3(a)(i), (B) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf such Special Meeting Request is made, and (C) any other person with whom such stockholder or such beneficial owner (or any of their respective associates or other participants in such solicitation) is acting. For clarity, a stockholder may act as a Proposing Person under a voting arrangement or agreement or a proxy from another person which affords the Proposing Person the right to vote or direct the vote of shares of common stock of the corporation held beneficially or of record by such other person.
“Net Long Beneficial Ownership” shall mean those shares of issued and outstanding common stock of the corporation as to which the stockholder or Proposing Person, as applicable, possesses the power to vote or direct the voting. The number of shares calculated in accordance with the immediately preceding clause shall not include any derivative security, including but not limited to puts, calls, options, warrants, convertible securities, or other rights or obligations to buy or sell securities.
(ii)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.3:
(1)The secretary shall not accept, and shall consider ineffective, a Special Meeting Request if (A) such Special Meeting Request does not comply with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, or relates to an item of business that is not a proper subject for stockholder action under applicable law, (B) the Special Meeting Request is received by the corporation during the period commencing 60 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders and ending on the date of the final adjournment of the next annual meeting of stockholders, (C) an identical or substantially similar item (a “Similar Item”) to
that included in the Special Meeting Request was presented at any meeting of stockholders held within one year prior to receipt by the corporation of such Special Meeting Request, (D) a Similar Item is already included in the corporation’s notice as an item of business to be brought before a meeting of the stockholders that has been called but not yet held, or (E) such Special Meeting Request was made in a manner that involved a violation of Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, or other applicable law. A Similar Item will not include the proposal for an election of one or more directors at an annual meeting of the stockholders.
(2)Business transacted at any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting shall be limited to the purpose stated in the valid Special Meeting Request: provided however, that nothing herein shall prohibit the board of directors from submitting matters to the stockholders at any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting or other shareholders submitting nominations under Section 2.4(c).
(3)Any Proposing Person may revoke a Special Meeting Request by written revocation delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at any time prior to the date of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting. In the event any revocation(s) are received by the secretary after the secretary’s receipt of a valid Special Meeting Request(s) from the holders of the Requisite Percentage of stockholders or any Special Meeting Request is deemed to be revoked as a result of Section 2.3(a)(i)(1), and as a result of such revocation(s), there no longer are valid unrevoked Special Meeting Request(s) from the Requisite Percentage of stockholders to call a special meeting, the board of directors shall have the discretion to determine whether or not to proceed with the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting.
(4)Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, the secretary shall not be required to call a special meeting except in accordance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation and this Section 2.3. In addition to the requirements of this Section 2.3, each Proposing Person shall comply with all requirements of applicable law, including all requirements of the Exchange Act, with respect to any Special Meeting Request.
(iii)In connection with a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting called in accordance with this Section 2.3, each Proposing Person that signed and delivered a Special Meeting Request shall further update and supplement the information previously provided to the corporation in connection with such request, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such request pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be true and correct as of the record date for notice of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the
principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for notice of the special meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the special meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day that is not a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banks in the city of the corporation’s principal place of business are required or permitted to close.
(iv)The secretary shall cause notice to be given to the stockholders entitled to vote, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.5 and Article VII of these bylaws, that a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting will be held not more than 60 days after receipt of a Special Meeting Request properly made in accordance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation and these bylaws.
(b)The notice of a special meeting shall include the purpose for which the meeting is called. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors, the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer), or the secretary upon the written request of the Requisite Percentage of the corporation’s stockholders pursuant to this Section 2.3. Any special meeting of stockholders, including any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, shall be held at such date and time as may be fixed by the board of directors in accordance with these bylaws and in compliance with applicable law.
Section 2.4ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES
(a)Advance Notice of Stockholder Business. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be brought: (A) pursuant to the corporation’s proxy materials with respect to such meeting, (B) by or at the direction of the board of directors, or (C) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(a) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has timely complied in proper written form with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(a). In addition, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, such business must be a proper matter for stockholder action pursuant to these bylaws and applicable law. Except for proposals properly made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations), and included in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the board of directors, for the avoidance of doubt, clause (C) above shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to bring business before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(i)To comply with clause (C) of Section 2.4(a) above, a stockholder’s notice must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(a) and must be timely received by the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be
received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the 45th day nor earlier than the 75th day before the one-year anniversary of the date on which the corporation first mailed its proxy materials or a notice of availability of proxy materials (whichever is earlier) for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or if the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days prior to or delayed by more than 60 days after the one-year anniversary of the date of the previous year’s annual meeting, then, for notice by the stockholder to be timely, it must be so received by the secretary not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day prior to such annual meeting, or (ii) the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement (as defined below) of the date of such annual meeting is first made. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described in this Section 2.4(a)(i). “Public Announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or a comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor thereto (the “1934 Act”).
(ii)A stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth as to each matter of business the stockholder intends to bring before the annual meeting: (1) a brief description of the business intended to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (2) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), (3) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person, (4) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit from share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any securities of the corporation, (5) any material interest of the stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person in such business, and (6) a statement whether either such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to carry the proposal (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (1) through (6), a “Business Solicitation Statement”). In addition, to be in proper written form, a stockholder’s notice to the secretary must be supplemented not later than ten days following the record date for notice of the meeting to disclose the information contained in clauses (3) and (4) above as of the record date for notice of the meeting. For purposes
of this Section 2.4, a “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (x) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (y) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and on whose behalf the proposal or nomination, as the case may be, is being made, or (z) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such person referred to in the preceding clauses (x) and (y).
(iii)Without exception, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(a) and, if applicable, Section 2.4(b). In addition, business proposed to be brought by a stockholder may not be brought before the annual meeting if such stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business or if the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.4(a), and, if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting that any such business not properly brought before the annual meeting shall not be conducted.
(b)Advance Notice of Director Nominations at Annual Meetings. Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(b) shall be eligible for election or re-election as directors at an annual meeting of stockholders. Nominations of persons for election or re-election to the board of directors of the corporation shall be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (A) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (B) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) was a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(b) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(b). In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the secretary of the corporation.
(i)To comply with clause (B) of Section 2.4(b) above, a nomination to be made by a stockholder must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(b) and must be received by the secretary of the corporation at the principal executive offices of the corporation at the time set forth in, and in accordance with, the final three sentences of Section 2.4(a)(i) above.
(ii)To be in proper written form, such stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth:
(1)as to each person (a “nominee”) whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director: (A) the name, age,
business address and residence address of the nominee, (B) the principal occupation or employment of the nominee, (C) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by the nominee and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the nominee, (D) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of the nominee with respect to any securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit of share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of the nominee, (E) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nominations are to be made by the stockholder, (F) a written statement executed by the nominee acknowledging that as a director of the corporation, the nominee will owe a fiduciary duty under Delaware law with respect to the corporation and its stockholders, and (G) any other information relating to the nominee that would be required to be disclosed about such nominee if proxies were being solicited for the election or re-election of the nominee as a director, or that is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 1934 Act (including without limitation the nominee’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement, if any, as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected or re-elected, as the case may be); and
(2)as to such stockholder giving notice, (A) the information required to be provided pursuant to clauses (2) through (5) of Section 2.4(a)(ii) above, and the supplement referenced in the second sentence of Section 2.4(a)(ii) above (except that the references to “business” in such clauses shall instead refer to nominations of directors for purposes of this paragraph), and (B) a statement whether either such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of a number of the corporation’s voting shares reasonably believed by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person to be necessary to elect or re-elect such nominee(s) (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (A) and (B) above, a “Nominee Solicitation Statement”).
(iii)At the request of the board of directors, any person nominated by a stockholder for election or re-election as a director must furnish to the secretary of the corporation (1) that information required to be set forth in the stockholder’s notice of nomination of such person as a director as of a date subsequent to the date on which the notice of such person’s nomination was given and (2) such other information as may reasonably be required by the corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director or audit committee financial expert of the corporation under applicable law, securities exchange rule or regulation, or any publicly-disclosed corporate governance guideline or committee charter of the corporation and
(3) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee; in the absence of the furnishing of such information if requested, such stockholder’s nomination shall not be considered in proper form pursuant to this Section 2.4(b).
(iv)Without exception, no person shall be eligible for election or re-election as a director of the corporation at an annual meeting of stockholders unless nominated in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(b). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election at an annual meeting if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
(c)Advance Notice of Director Nominations for Special Meetings.
(i)For a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected or re-elected, nominations of persons for election or re-election to the board of directors shall be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) by any stockholder of the corporation who (A) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(c) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting and (B) delivers a timely written notice of the nomination to the secretary of the corporation that includes the information set forth in Section 2.4(b)(ii) and Section 2.4(b)(iii) above. To be timely, such notice must be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the board of directors to be elected or re-elected at such meeting. A person shall not be eligible for election or re-election as a director at a special meeting unless the person is nominated (i) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (ii) by a stockholder in accordance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(c). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
(ii)The chairperson of the special meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the special meeting that a nomination or business was not made
in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the meeting, and the defective nomination or business shall be disregarded.
(d)Other Requirements and Rights. In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.4, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.4. Nothing in this Section 2.4 shall be deemed to affect any rights of:
(i)a stockholder to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act; or
(ii)the corporation to omit a proposal from the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act.
Section 2.5NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the written notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting.
Section 2.6QUORUM
The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or series or classes or series, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting, or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.
Section 2.7ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE
When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the board of directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting in accordance with Section 213(a) of the DGCL and Section 2.11 of these bylaws, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting.
Section 2.8CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business. The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall be designated by the board of directors; in the absence of such designation, the chairperson of the board, if any, the chief executive officer (in the absence of the chairperson) or the president (in the absence of the chairperson of the board and the chief executive officer), or in their absence any other executive officer of the corporation, shall serve as chairperson of the stockholder meeting.
Section 2.9VOTING
The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.
Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority
of shares of such class or series or classes or series present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or series or classes or series, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
Section 2.10STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Subject to the rights of the holders of the shares of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of stock or series thereof that have been expressly granted the right to take action by written consent, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such stockholders.
Section 2.11RECORD DATES
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If the board of directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the board of directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
If no record date is fixed by the board of directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance with the provisions of Section 213 of the DGCL and this Section 2.11 at the adjourned meeting.
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 2.12PROXIES
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL. A written proxy may be in the form of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission which sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission was authorized by the person.
Section 2.13LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least 10 days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date. The stockholder list shall be arranged in alphabetical order and shall show the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the corporation’s principal place of business. In the event that the corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be examined by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. Such list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
Section 2.14INSPECTORS OF ELECTION
Before any meeting of stockholders, the board of directors shall appoint an inspector or inspectors of election to act at the meeting or its adjournment. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, then the chairperson of the meeting may, and upon the request of any stockholder or a stockholder’s proxy shall, appoint a person to fill that vacancy.
Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath to execute faithfully the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector or inspectors so appointed and designated shall (i) ascertain the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation outstanding and the voting power of each share, (ii) determine the shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, (v) certify their determination of the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and such inspector or inspectors’ count of all votes and ballots, (vi) determine when the polls shall close; (vii) determine the result; and (viii) do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.
In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the corporation, the inspector or inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. If there are three (3) inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of all. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election is prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS
Section 3.1POWERS
The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise provided in the DGCL or the certificate of incorporation.
Section 3.2NUMBER OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors shall consist of one or more members, each of whom shall be a natural person. Unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, the number of directors shall be determined from time to time solely by resolution of the board of directors. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director’s term of office expires.
Section 3.3ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS
Except as provided in Section 3.4 of these bylaws, each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. The certificate of incorporation or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors.
Section 3.4RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES
Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the corporation; provided, however, that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the director. A resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. Acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, when one or more directors resign from the board of directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class shall be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If the directors are divided into classes, a person so elected by the directors then in office to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen and until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office constitute less than a majority of the whole board of directors (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least 10% of the voting stock at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office as aforesaid, which election shall be governed by the provisions of Section 211 of the DGCL as far as applicable.
Section 3.5PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE
The board of directors may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 3.6REGULAR MEETINGS
Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors.
Section 3.7SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE
Special meetings of the board of directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary or a majority of the authorized number of directors, at such times and places as he or she or they shall designate.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:
(a)delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;
(b)sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;
(c)sent by facsimile; or
(d)sent by electronic mail,
directed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the corporation’s records.
If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least 24 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by United States mail, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting (if the meeting is to be held at the corporation’s principal executive office) nor the purpose of the meeting.
Section 3.8QUORUM; VOTING
At all meetings of the board of directors, a majority of the total authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the board of directors, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If the certificate of incorporation provides that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter, every reference in these bylaws to a majority or other proportion of the directors shall refer to a majority or other proportion of the votes of the directors.
Section 3.9BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board of directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board of directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 3.10FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
Section 3.11REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors and subject to any limitation imposed by law, any individual director or directors may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director’s term of office.
ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES
Section 4.1COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The board of directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the
corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the corporation.
Section 4.2COMMITTEE MINUTES
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.
Section 4.3MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES
Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:
(a)Section 3.5 (place of meetings and meetings by telephone);
(b)Section 3.6 (regular meetings);
(c)Section 3.7 (special meetings; notice);
(d)Section 3.8 (quorum; voting);
(e)Section 3.9 (action without a meeting); and
(f)Section 7.5 (waiver of notice)
with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members. However: (i) the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined by resolution of the committee; (ii) special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the committee; and (iii) notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors may adopt rules for the governance of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.
Any provision in the certificate of incorporation providing that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter shall apply to voting in any committee or subcommittee, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
Section 4.4SUBCOMMITTEES
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the resolutions of the board of directors designating the committee, a committee may create one or
more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.
ARTICLE V - OFFICERS
Section 5.1OFFICERS
The officers of the corporation shall be a president and a secretary. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairperson of the board of directors, a vice chairperson of the board of directors, a chief executive officer, a chief financial officer or treasurer, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant vice presidents, one or more assistant treasurers, one or more assistant secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
Section 5.2APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS
The board of directors shall appoint the officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in this Section 5.2 for the regular election to such office.
Section 5.3SUBORDINATE OFFICERS
The board of directors may appoint, or empower the chief executive officer or, in the absence of a chief executive officer, the president, to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the corporation may require. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine.
Section 5.4REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS
Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the board of directors at any regular or special meeting of the board of directors or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the board of directors, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the board of directors.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written or electronic notice to the corporation; provided, however, that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the officer. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation
shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.
Section 5.5VACANCIES IN OFFICES
Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the board of directors or as provided in Section 5.3.
Section 5.6REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS
The chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, any vice president, the treasurer, the secretary or assistant secretary of this corporation, or any other person authorized by the board of directors or the president or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.
Section 5.7AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS
All officers of the corporation shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the corporation as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the board of directors.
Section 5.8THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD
The chairperson of the board shall have the powers and duties customarily and usually associated with the office of the chairperson of the board. The chairperson of the board shall preside at meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors.
Section 5.9THE VICE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD
The vice chairperson of the board shall have the powers and duties customarily and usually associated with the office of the vice chairperson of the board. In the case of absence or disability of the chairperson of the board, the vice chairperson of the board shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chairperson of the board.
Section 5.10THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
The chief executive officer shall have, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the board of directors, ultimate authority for decisions relating to the supervision, direction and management of the affairs and the business of the corporation customarily and usually associated with the position of chief executive officer, including, without limitation, all powers necessary to direct and control the organizational and reporting relationships within the corporation. If at any time the office of the chairperson and vice chairperson of the board shall not be filled, or in the
event of the temporary absence or disability of the chairperson of the board and the vice chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chairperson of the board unless otherwise determined by the board of directors.
Section 5.11THE PRESIDENT
The president shall have, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the board of directors, the general powers and duties of supervision, direction and management of the affairs and business of the corporation customarily and usually associated with the position of president. The president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board or the chief executive officer. In the event of the absence or disability of the chief executive officer, the president shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chief executive officer unless otherwise determined by the board of directors.
Section 5.12THE VICE PRESIDENTS AND ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS
Each vice president and assistant vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer or the president.
Section 5.13THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES
(a)The secretary shall attend meetings of the board of directors and meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and minutes of all such proceedings in a book or books kept for such purpose. The secretary shall have all such further powers and duties as are customarily and usually associated with the position of secretary or as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer or the president.
(b)Each assistant secretary shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or the secretary. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the secretary, the assistant secretary (or if there shall be more than one, the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary.
Section 5.14THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS
(a)The chief financial officer shall be the treasurer of the corporation. The chief financial officer shall have custody of the corporation’s funds and securities, shall be responsible for maintaining the corporation’s accounting records and statements, shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation, and shall deposit or cause to be deposited moneys or other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the board of directors. The chief financial officer shall also maintain adequate records of all assets, liabilities and
transactions of the corporation and shall assure that adequate audits thereof are currently and regularly made. The chief financial officer shall have all such further powers and duties as are customarily and usually associated with the position of chief financial officer, or as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson, the chief executive officer or the president.
(b)Each assistant treasurer shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president or the chief financial officer. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the chief financial officer, the assistant treasurer (or if there shall be more than one, the assistant treasurers in the order determined by the board of directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chief financial officer.
ARTICLE VI - STOCK
Section 6.1STOCK CERTIFICATES
The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the board of directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by the chairperson of the board of directors or vice-chairperson of the board of directors, or the president or a vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The corporation shall not have power to issue a certificate in bearer form.
Section 6.2SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES
If the corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or
restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated stock, the corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to this Section 6.2 or Sections 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the DGCL or with respect to this Section 6.2 a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated stock and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
Section 6.3LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
Except as provided in this Section 6.3, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the corporation and cancelled at the same time. The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
Section 6.4DIVIDENDS
The board of directors, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation or applicable law, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of the corporation’s capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the corporation’s capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation.
The board of directors may set apart out of any of the funds of the corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve. Such purposes shall include but not be limited to equalizing dividends, repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, and meeting contingencies.
Section 6.5TRANSFER OF STOCK
Transfers of record of shares of stock of the corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by an attorney duly authorized, and, if such stock is certificated, upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer; provided, however, that such succession, assignment or authority to transfer is not prohibited by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, applicable law or contract.
Section 6.6STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS
The corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.
Section 6.7REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
The corporation:
(a)shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner;
(b)shall be entitled to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares; and
(c)shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VII - MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER
Section 7.1NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the corporation’s records. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
Section 7.2NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if: (i) the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the corporation in accordance with such consent; and (ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice. However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.
Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given: (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and (iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.
An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
An “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
Section 7.3NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS
Except as otherwise prohibited under the DGCL, without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under the provisions of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the corporation, within 60 days of having been given written notice by the corporation of its intention to send the single notice, shall be deemed to have consented to receiving such single written notice.
Section 7.4NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL
Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
Section 7.5WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever notice is required to be given to stockholders, directors or other persons under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders or the board of directors, as the case may be, need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION
Section 8.1INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARTY PROCEEDINGS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director of the corporation or an officer of the corporation, or while a director of the corporation or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.
Section 8.2INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that
such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or while a director or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
Section 8.3SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE
To the extent that a present or former director or officer of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.
Section 8.4INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall have power to indemnify its employees and its agents to the extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law. The board of directors shall have the power to delegate the determination of whether employees or agents shall be indemnified to such person or persons as the board of determines.
Section 8.5ADVANCED PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an officer or director of the corporation in defending any Proceeding shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding upon receipt of a written request therefor (together with documentation reasonably evidencing such expenses) and an undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay such amounts if it shall ultimately be determined that the person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VIII or the DGCL. Such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the corporation deems reasonably appropriate and shall be subject to the corporation’s expense guidelines. The right to advancement of expenses shall not apply to any claim for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to these bylaws, but shall apply to any Proceeding referenced in Section 8.6(b) or Section 8.6(c) prior to a determination that the person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation.
Section 8.6LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION
Except as provided in Section 8.3 and subject to the requirements of the DGCL, the corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any person pursuant to this Article VIII in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding):
(a)for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of such person under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;
(b)for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the 1934 Act, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(c)for any reimbursement of the corporation by such person of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by such person from the sale of securities of the corporation, as required in each case under the 1934 Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the corporation pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the corporation of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(d)initiated by such person against the corporation or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (a) the board of directors authorized the Proceeding (or the relevant part of the Proceeding) prior to its initiation, (b) the corporation provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the corporation under applicable law, (c) otherwise required to be made under Section 8.7 or (d) otherwise required by applicable law; or
(e)if prohibited by applicable law; provided, however, that if any provision or provisions of this Article VIII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
Section 8.7DETERMINATION; CLAIM
If a claim for indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article VIII is not paid in full within 90 days after receipt by the corporation of the written request therefor, the
claimant shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction of his or her entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of expenses. The corporation shall indemnify such person against any and all expenses that are incurred by such person in connection with any action for indemnification or advancement of expenses from the corporation under this Article VIII, to the extent such person is successful in such action, and to the extent not prohibited by law. In any such suit, the corporation shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proving that the claimant is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses.
Section 8.8NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS
The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the certificate of incorporation or any statute, bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. The corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advancement of expenses, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law.
Section 8.9INSURANCE
The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.
Section 8.10SURVIVAL
The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses conferred by this Article VIII shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
Section 8.11EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION
Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article VIII shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.
Section 8.12CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
For purposes of this Article VIII, references to the “corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to “other enterprises” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the corporation” as referred to in this Article VIII.
ARTICLE IX - GENERAL MATTERS
Section 9.1EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS
Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any document or instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
Section 9.2FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors and may be changed by the board of directors.
Section 9.3SEAL
The corporation may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the board of directors. The corporation may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.
Section 9.4CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS
Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both an entity and a natural person.
ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS
These bylaws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, that the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the total voting power of outstanding voting securities, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders of the corporation to alter, amend or repeal, or adopt any bylaw inconsistent with, the following provisions of these bylaws: Article II, Section 3.1, Section 3.2, Section 3.4 and Section 3.11 of Article III, Article VIII and this Article X (including, without limitation, any such Article or Section as renumbered as a result of any amendment, alteration, change, repeal, or adoption of any other Bylaw). The board of directors shall also have the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws; provided, however, that a bylaw amendment adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the board of directors.
ARTICLE XI - FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES
Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall be a state or federal court located within the state of Delaware, in all cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this bylaw.
ANNEX D
MARKED COPY OF THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF RESONANT INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
RESONANT INC.
(initially adopted on January 19, 2012)
(as amended and restated on January 20, 2014 and effective as of the
closing of the corporation’s initial public offering[•])
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
| | | |
ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES | 1 |
|
| | |
Section 1.1 | REGISTERED OFFICE | 1 |
|
Section 1.2 | OTHER OFFICES | 1 |
|
| | |
ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS | 1 |
|
| | |
Section 2.1 | PLACE OF MEETINGS | 1 |
|
Section 2.2 | ANNUAL MEETING | 1 |
|
Section 2.3 | SPECIAL MEETING | 1 |
|
Section 2.4 | ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES | 25 |
|
Section 2.5 | NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS | 610 |
|
Section 2.6 | QUORUM | 610 |
|
Section 2.7 | ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE | 710 |
|
Section 2.8 | CONDUCT OF BUSINESS | 711 |
|
Section 2.9 | VOTING | 711 |
|
Section 2.10 | STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING | 811 |
|
Section 2.11 | RECORD DATES | 811 |
|
Section 2.12 | PROXIES | 912 |
|
Section 2.13 | LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE | 912 |
|
Section 2.14 | INSPECTORS OF ELECTION | 1013 |
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| | |
ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS | 1014 |
|
| | |
Section 3.1 | POWERS | 1014 |
|
Section 3.2 | NUMBER OF DIRECTORS | 1014 |
|
Section 3.3 | ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS | 1114 |
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Section 3.4 | RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES | 1114 |
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Section 3.5 | PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE | 1215 |
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Section 3.6 | REGULAR MEETINGS | 1215 |
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Section 3.7 | SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE | 1215 |
|
Section 3.8 | QUORUM; VOTING | 1316 |
|
Section 3.9 | BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING | 1316 |
|
Section 3.10 | FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS | 1316 |
|
Section 3.11 | REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS | 1316 |
|
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued) |
| | |
ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES | 1417 |
| | |
Section 4.1 | COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS | 1417 |
Section 4.2 | COMMITTEE MINUTES | 1417 |
Section 4.3 | MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES | 1417 |
Section 4.4 | SUBCOMMITTEES | 1518 |
| | |
ARTICLE V - OFFICERS | 1518 |
| | |
Section 5.1 | OFFICERS | 1518 |
Section 5.2 | APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS | 1518 |
Section 5.3 | SUBORDINATE OFFICERS | 1518 |
Section 5.4 | REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS | 1519 |
Section 5.5 | VACANCIES IN OFFICES | 1619 |
Section 5.6 | REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS | 1619 |
Section 5.7 | AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS | 1619 |
Section 5.8 | THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD | 1619 |
Section 5.9 | THE VICE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD | 1620 |
Section 5.10 | THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | 1720 |
Section 5.11 | THE PRESIDENT | 1720 |
Section 5.12 | THE VICE PRESIDENTS AND ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS | 1720 |
Section 5.13 | THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES | 1720 |
Section 5.14 | THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS | 1821 |
| | |
ARTICLE VI - STOCK | 1821 |
| | |
Section 6.1 | STOCK CERTIFICATES | 1821 |
Section 6.2 | SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES | 1922 |
Section 6.3 | LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES | 1922 |
Section 6.4 | DIVIDENDS | 1922 |
Section 6.5 | TRANSFER OF STOCK | 2023 |
Section 6.6 | STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS | 2023 |
Section 6.7 | REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS | 2023 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
|
| | |
ARTICLE VII - MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER | 2023 |
| | |
Section 7.1 | NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS | 2023 |
Section 7.2 | NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION | 2023 |
Section 7.3 | NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS | 2124 |
Section 7.4 | NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL | 2224 |
Section 7.5 | WAIVER OF NOTICE | 2225 |
| | |
ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION | 2225 |
| | |
Section 8.1 | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARTY PROCEEDINGS | 2225 |
Section 8.2 | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION | 2325 |
Section 8.3 | SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE | 2326 |
Section 8.4 | INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS | 2326 |
Section 8.5 | ADVANCED PAYMENT OF EXPENSES | 2326 |
Section 8.6 | LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION | 2427 |
Section 8.7 | DETERMINATION; CLAIM | 2527 |
Section 8.8 | NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS | 2528 |
Section 8.9 | INSURANCE | 2528 |
Section 8.10 | SURVIVAL | 2528 |
Section 8.11 | EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION | 2628 |
Section 8.12 | CERTAIN DEFINITIONS | 2628 |
| | |
ARTICLE IX - GENERAL MATTERS | 2629 |
| | |
Section 9.1 | EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS | 2629 |
Section 9.2 | FISCAL YEAR | 2629 |
Section 9.3 | SEAL | 2729 |
Section 9.4 | CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS | 2729 |
| | |
ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS | 2729 |
| |
ARTICLE XI - FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES | 2730 |
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
RESONANT INC.
ARTICLE I - CORPORATE OFFICES
Section 1.1REGISTERED OFFICE
The registered office of Resonant Inc. shall be fixed in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation. References in these bylaws to the certificate of incorporation shall mean the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, as amended from time to time, including the terms of any certificate of designations of any series of Preferred Stock.
Section 1.2OTHER OFFICES
The corporation’s board of directors may at any time establish other offices at any place or places where the corporation is qualified to do business.
ARTICLE II - MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 2.1PLACE OF MEETINGS
Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, designated by the board of directors. The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the corporation’s principal executive office.
Section 2.2ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held on such date, at such time, and at such place (if any) within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors and stated in the corporation’s notice of the meeting. At the annual meeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be transacted.
Section 2.3SPECIAL MEETING
(a)A special meeting of the stockholders, other than those required by statute, may be called at any time only by (A) the board of directors,
(B) the chairperson of the board of directors, (C) the chief executive officer or (D) the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer). A special meeting of the stockholders may not be called by any other person or persons. The board of directors may cancel, postpone or reschedule any previously scheduled special meeting at any time, before or after the notice for such meeting has been sent to the stockholders and shall be called by the secretary upon the written request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 25% of the votes at the special meeting (the “Requisite Percentage”), subject to and in compliance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation, or any successor provision thereto, and this Section 2.3.
(i)In order for a special meeting to be called upon stockholder request (“Stockholder Requested Special Meeting”), one or more requests for a special meeting (each, a “Special Meeting Request” and, collectively, the “Special Meeting Requests”), must be signed by Proposing Persons (as defined below) that have a combined Net Long Beneficial Ownership (as defined below) of at least the Requisite Percentage. In determining whether a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting has been properly requested by Proposing Persons that have a combined Net Long Beneficial Ownership of at least the Requisite Percentage, multiple Special Meeting Requests delivered to the secretary will be considered together if (i) each Special Meeting Request generally identifies the same purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and generally the same matters proposed to be acted on at such meeting (in each case as determined in good faith by the board of directors), and (ii) such Special Meeting Requests have been dated and delivered to the secretary within 30 days of the earliest dated Special Meeting Request. Additionally, the Special Meeting Request(s) shall provide in reasonable detail, the following:
(1)As to each Proposing Person, (A) the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if applicable, the name and address as they appear on the corporation’s books), (B) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are owned beneficially and/or of record by such Proposing Person (with reasonable evidence of such ownership attached), except that such Proposing Person shall be deemed for such purpose to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation as to which such Proposing Person has the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time or the fulfillment of a condition or both), (C) a representation that such Proposing Person intends to hold at least the outstanding shares of the corporation described in the immediately preceding clause (B) through the date of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and (D) an acknowledgement by the Proposing Person that any reduction in such Proposing Person’s Net Long Beneficial Ownership with respect to which a Special Meeting Request relates following the delivery of such Special Meeting Request to the secretary shall constitute a revocation of such Special Meeting Request to the extent of such
reduction (provided that the change of any right to acquire capital stock into such capital stock will not be considered a reduction);
(2)As to the purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, a reasonably brief statement of the purpose or purposes of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, the matter(s) proposed to be acted on at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, and the text of any proposal or business to be considered at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting (including the text of any resolutions proposed to be considered and, in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment); and
(3)To the extent not duplicative of the information called for by Section 2.3, the information as would be required by Section 2.4 of these bylaws, including, without limitation, the information regarding any material interest of the Proposing Person in the matter(s) proposed to be acted on at the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, all agreements, arrangements or understandings between or among any Proposing Person and any other record holder or beneficial owner of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, and all information required by Section 2.4(c) with respect to director nominations, including the information set forth in Section 2.4(b)(ii) and Section 2.4(b)(iii).
(4)For purposes of this Section 2.3, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
“Proposing Person” shall mean (A) each stockholder that is a beneficial owner or record owner that signs a Special Meeting Request pursuant to Section 2.3(a)(i), (B) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf such Special Meeting Request is made, and (C) any other person with whom such stockholder or such beneficial owner (or any of their respective associates or other participants in such solicitation) is acting. For clarity, a stockholder may act as a Proposing Person under a voting arrangement or agreement or a proxy from another person which affords the Proposing Person the right to vote or direct the vote of shares of common stock of the corporation held beneficially or of record by such other person.
“Net Long Beneficial Ownership” shall mean those shares of issued and outstanding common stock of the corporation as to which the stockholder or Proposing Person, as applicable, possesses the power to vote or direct the voting. The number of shares calculated in accordance with the immediately preceding clause shall not include any derivative security, including but not limited to puts, calls, options, warrants, convertible securities, or other rights or obligations to buy or sell securities.
(ii)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.3:
(1)The secretary shall not accept, and shall consider ineffective, a Special Meeting Request if (A) such Special Meeting Request does not comply with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, or relates to an item of business that is not a proper subject for stockholder action under applicable law, (B) the Special Meeting Request is received by the corporation during the period commencing 60 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders and ending on the date of the final adjournment of the next annual meeting of stockholders, (C) an identical or substantially similar item (a “Similar Item”) to that included in the Special Meeting Request was presented at any meeting of stockholders held within one year prior to receipt by the corporation of such Special Meeting Request, (D) a Similar Item is already included in the corporation’s notice as an item of business to be brought before a meeting of the stockholders that has been called but not yet held, or (E) such Special Meeting Request was made in a manner that involved a violation of Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, or other applicable law. A Similar Item will not include the proposal for an election of one or more directors at an annual meeting of the stockholders.
(2)Business transacted at any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting shall be limited to the purpose stated in the valid Special Meeting Request: provided however, that nothing herein shall prohibit the board of directors from submitting matters to the stockholders at any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting or other shareholders submitting nominations under Section 2.4(c).
(3)Any Proposing Person may revoke a Special Meeting Request by written revocation delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at any time prior to the date of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting. In the event any revocation(s) are received by the secretary after the secretary’s receipt of a valid Special Meeting Request(s) from the holders of the Requisite Percentage of stockholders or any Special Meeting Request is deemed to be revoked as a result of Section 2.3(a)(i)(1), and as a result of such revocation(s), there no longer are valid unrevoked Special Meeting Request(s) from the Requisite Percentage of stockholders to call a special meeting, the board of directors shall have the discretion to determine whether or not to proceed with the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting.
(4)Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, the secretary shall not be required to call a special meeting except in accordance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation and this Section 2.3. In addition to the requirements of this Section 2.3, each Proposing Person shall comply with all requirements of applicable law, including all requirements of the Exchange Act, with respect to any Special Meeting Request.
(iii)In connection with a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting called in accordance with this Section 2.3, each Proposing Person that signed and delivered a Special Meeting Request shall further update and supplement the information previously provided to the corporation in connection with such request, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such request pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be true and correct as of the record date for notice of the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the Stockholder Requested Special Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for notice of the special meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the special meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day that is not a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banks in the city of the corporation’s principal place of business are required or permitted to close.
(iv)The secretary shall cause notice to be given to the stockholders entitled to vote, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.5 and Article VII of these bylaws, that a Stockholder Requested Special Meeting will be held not more than 60 days after receipt of a Special Meeting Request properly made in accordance with Article VII of the certificate of incorporation and these bylaws.
(b)The notice of a special meeting shall include the purpose for which the meeting is called. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors, the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer or, the president (in the absence of a chief executive officer). Nothing contained in this Section 2.3(b) shall be construed as limiting, fixing or affecting the time when a meeting of stockholders called by action of, or the secretary upon the written request of the Requisite Percentage of the corporation’s stockholders pursuant to this Section 2.3. Any special meeting of stockholders, including any Stockholder Requested Special Meeting, shall be held at such date and time as may be fixed by the board of directors may be heldin accordance with these bylaws and in compliance with applicable law.
Section 2.4ADVANCE NOTICE PROCEDURES
(a)Advance Notice of Stockholder Business. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be brought: (A) pursuant to the corporation’s proxy materials with respect to such meeting, (B) by or at the direction of the
board of directors, or (C) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(a) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has timely complied in proper written form with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(a). In addition, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, such business must be a proper matter for stockholder action pursuant to these bylaws and applicable law. Except for proposals properly made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations), and included in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the board of directors, for the avoidance of doubt, clause (C) above shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to bring business before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(i)To comply with clause (C) of Section 2.4(a) above, a stockholder’s notice must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(a) and must be timely received by the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the 45th day nor earlier than the 75th day before the one-year anniversary of the date on which the corporation first mailed its proxy materials or a notice of availability of proxy materials (whichever is earlier) for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or if the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days prior to or delayed by more than 60 days after the one-year anniversary of the date of the previous year’s annual meeting, then, for notice by the stockholder to be timely, it must be so received by the secretary not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day prior to such annual meeting, or (ii) the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement (as defined below) of the date of such annual meeting is first made. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described in this Section 2.4(a)(i). “Public Announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or a comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor thereto (the “1934 Act”).
(ii)To be in proper written form, aA stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth as to each matter of business the stockholder intends to bring before the annual meeting: (1) a brief description of the business intended to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (2) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), (3) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by
the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person, (4) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit from share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to any securities of the corporation, (5) any material interest of the stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person in such business, and (6) a statement whether either such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to carry the proposal (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (1) through (6), a “Business Solicitation Statement”). In addition, to be in proper written form, a stockholder’s notice to the secretary must be supplemented not later than ten days following the record date for notice of the meeting to disclose the information contained in clauses (3) and (4) above as of the record date for notice of the meeting. For purposes of this Section 2.4, a “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (x) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (y) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and on whose behalf the proposal or nomination, as the case may be, is being made, or (z) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such person referred to in the preceding clauses (x) and (y).
(iii)Without exception, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(a) and, if applicable, Section 2.4(b). In addition, business proposed to be brought by a stockholder may not be brought before the annual meeting if such stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business or if the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.4(a), and, if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting that any such business not properly brought before the annual meeting shall not be conducted.
(b)Advance Notice of Director Nominations at Annual Meetings. Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(b) shall be eligible for election or re-election as directors at an annual meeting of stockholders. Nominations of persons for election or re-election to the board of
directors of the corporation shall be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (A) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (B) by a stockholder of the corporation who (1) was a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(b) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting and (2) has complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(b). In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the secretary of the corporation.
(i)To comply with clause (B) of Section 2.4(b) above, a nomination to be made by a stockholder must set forth all information required under this Section 2.4(b) and must be received by the secretary of the corporation at the principal executive offices of the corporation at the time set forth in, and in accordance with, the final three sentences of Section 2.4(a)(i) above.
(ii)To be in proper written form, such stockholder’s notice to the secretary must set forth:
(1)as to each person (a “nominee”) whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director: (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of the nominee, (B) the principal occupation or employment of the nominee, (C) the class and number of shares of the corporation that are held of record or are beneficially owned by the nominee and any derivative positions held or beneficially held by the nominee, (D) whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of the nominee with respect to any securities of the corporation, and a description of any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares), the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, or to manage the risk or benefit of share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of the nominee, (E) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nominations are to be made by the stockholder, (F) a written statement executed by the nominee acknowledging that as a director of the corporation, the nominee will owe a fiduciary duty under Delaware law with respect to the corporation and its stockholders, and (G) any other information relating to the nominee that would be required to be disclosed about such nominee if proxies were being solicited for the election or re-election of the nominee as a director, or that is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 1934 Act (including without limitation the nominee’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement, if any, as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected or re-elected, as the case may be); and
(2)as to such stockholder giving notice, (A) the information required to be provided pursuant to clauses (2) through (5) of Section 2.4(a)(ii) above, and the supplement referenced in the second sentence of Section 2.4(a)(ii) above (except that the references to “business” in such clauses shall instead refer to nominations of directors for purposes of this paragraph), and (B) a statement whether either such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of a number of the corporation’s voting shares reasonably believed by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person to be necessary to elect or re-elect such nominee(s) (such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (A) and (B) above, a “Nominee Solicitation Statement”).
(iii)At the request of the board of directors, any person nominated by a stockholder for election or re-election as a director must furnish to the secretary of the corporation (1) that information required to be set forth in the stockholder’s notice of nomination of such person as a director as of a date subsequent to the date on which the notice of such person’s nomination was given and (2) such other information as may reasonably be required by the corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director or audit committee financial expert of the corporation under applicable law, securities exchange rule or regulation, or any publicly-disclosed corporate governance guideline or committee charter of the corporation and (3) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee; in the absence of the furnishing of such information if requested, such stockholder’s nomination shall not be considered in proper form pursuant to this Section 2.4(b).
(iv)Without exception, no person shall be eligible for election or re-election as a director of the corporation at an annual meeting of stockholders unless nominated in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.4(b). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election at an annual meeting if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairperson of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the annual meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the annual meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
(c)Advance Notice of Director Nominations for Special Meetings.
(i)For a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected or re-elected, nominations of persons for election or re-election to the board
of directors shall be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) by any stockholder of the corporation who (A) is a stockholder of record at the time of the giving of the notice required by this Section 2.4(c) and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting and (B) delivers a timely written notice of the nomination to the secretary of the corporation that includes the information set forth in Section 2.4(b)(ii) and Section 2.4(b)(iii) above. To be timely, such notice must be received by the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which Public Announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the board of directors to be elected or re-elected at such meeting. A person shall not be eligible for election or re-election as a director at a special meeting unless the person is nominated (i) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (ii) by a stockholder in accordance with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.4(c). In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election if a stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
(ii)The chairperson of the special meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the special meeting that a nomination or business was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these bylaws, and if the chairperson should so determine, he or she shall so declare at the meeting, and the defective nomination or business shall be disregarded.
(d)Other Requirements and Rights. In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.4, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.4. Nothing in this Section 2.4 shall be deemed to affect any rights of:
(i)a stockholder to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act; or
(ii)the corporation to omit a proposal from the corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the 1934 Act.
Section 2.5NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the
record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Except as otherwise provided in the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the written notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting.
Section 2.6QUORUM
The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or series or classes or series, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting, or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.
Section 2.7ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE
When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the board of directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting in accordance with Section 213(a) of the DGCL and Section 2.11 of these bylaws, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting.
Section 2.8CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business. The chairperson of any meeting of stockholders shall be designated by the board of
directors; in the absence of such designation, the chairperson of the board, if any, the chief executive officer (in the absence of the chairperson) or the president (in the absence of the chairperson of the board and the chief executive officer), or in their absence any other executive officer of the corporation, shall serve as chairperson of the stockholder meeting.
Section 2.9VOTING
The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.
Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.
Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or series or classes or series is required, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of shares of such class or series or classes or series present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or series or classes or series, except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
Section 2.10STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Subject to the rights of the holders of the shares of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of stock or series thereof that have been expressly granted the right to take action by written consent, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such stockholders.
Section 2.11RECORD DATES
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If the board of directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless
the board of directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
If no record date is fixed by the board of directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance with the provisions of Section 213 of the DGCL and this Section 2.11 at the adjourned meeting.
In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 2.12PROXIES
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL. A written proxy may be in the form of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission which sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission was authorized by the person.
Section 2.13LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least 10 days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date. The stockholder list shall be arranged in alphabetical order and shall show the address of each stockholder and the number of shares
registered in the name of each stockholder. The corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the corporation’s principal place of business. In the event that the corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be examined by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. Such list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
Section 2.14INSPECTORS OF ELECTION
Before any meeting of stockholders, the board of directors shall appoint an inspector or inspectors of election to act at the meeting or its adjournment. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, then the chairperson of the meeting may, and upon the request of any stockholder or a stockholder’s proxy shall, appoint a person to fill that vacancy.
Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath to execute faithfully the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector or inspectors so appointed and designated shall (i) ascertain the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation outstanding and the voting power of each share, (ii) determine the shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, (v) certify their determination of the number of shares of capital stock of the corporation represented at the meeting and such inspector or inspectors’ count of all votes and ballots, (vi) determine when the polls shall close; (vii) determine the result; and (viii) do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.
In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the corporation, the inspector or inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. If there are three (3) inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of a majority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of all. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election is prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
ARTICLE III - DIRECTORS
Section 3.1POWERS
The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise provided in the DGCL or the certificate of incorporation.
Section 3.2NUMBER OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors shall consist of one or more members, each of whom shall be a natural person. Unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, the number of directors shall be determined from time to time solely by resolution of the board of directors. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director’s term of office expires.
Section 3.3ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS
Except as provided in Section 3.4 of these bylaws, each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. The certificate of incorporation or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors.
Section 3.4RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES
Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the corporation; provided, however, that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the director. A resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. Acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, when one or more directors resign from the board of directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class shall be filled only by
a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If the directors are divided into classes, a person so elected by the directors then in office to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen and until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office constitute less than a majority of the whole board of directors (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least 10% of the voting stock at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office as aforesaid, which election shall be governed by the provisions of Section 211 of the DGCL as far as applicable.
Section 3.5PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE
The board of directors may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 3.6REGULAR MEETINGS
Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors.
Section 3.7SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE
Special meetings of the board of directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary or a majority of the authorized number of directors, at such times and places as he or she or they shall designate.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:
(a)delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;
(b)sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;
(c)sent by facsimile; or
(d)sent by electronic mail,
directed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the corporation’s records.
If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least 24 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by United States mail, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting (if the meeting is to be held at the corporation’s principal executive office) nor the purpose of the meeting.
Section 3.8QUORUM; VOTING
At all meetings of the board of directors, a majority of the total authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the board of directors, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
If the certificate of incorporation provides that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter, every reference in these bylaws to a majority or other proportion of the directors shall refer to a majority or other proportion of the votes of the directors.
Section 3.9BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board of directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board of directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 3.10FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
Section 3.11REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to the election of directors and subject to any limitation imposed by law, any individual director or directors may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director’s term of office.
ARTICLE IV - COMMITTEES
Section 4.1COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
The board of directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The board of directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the corporation.
Section 4.2COMMITTEE MINUTES
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.
Section 4.3MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES
Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:
(a)Section 3.5 (place of meetings and meetings by telephone);
(b)Section 3.6 (regular meetings);
(c)Section 3.7 (special meetings; notice);
(d)Section 3.8 (quorum; voting);
(e)Section 3.9 (action without a meeting); and
(f)Section 7.5 (waiver of notice)
with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members. However: (i) the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined by resolution of the committee; (ii) special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the committee; and (iii) notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors may adopt rules for the governance of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.
Any provision in the certificate of incorporation providing that one or more directors shall have more or less than one vote per director on any matter shall apply to voting in any committee or subcommittee, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
Section 4.4SUBCOMMITTEES
Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws or the resolutions of the board of directors designating the committee, a committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.
ARTICLE V - OFFICERS
Section 5.1OFFICERS
The officers of the corporation shall be a president and a secretary. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairperson of the board of directors, a vice chairperson of the board of directors, a chief executive officer, a chief financial officer or treasurer, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant vice presidents, one or more assistant treasurers, one or more assistant secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
Section 5.2APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS
The board of directors shall appoint the officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in this Section 5.2 for the regular election to such office.
Section 5.3SUBORDINATE OFFICERS
The board of directors may appoint, or empower the chief executive officer or, in the absence of a chief executive officer, the president, to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the corporation may require. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine.
Section 5.4REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS
Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the board of directors at any regular or special meeting of the board of directors or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the board of directors, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the board of directors.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written or electronic notice to the corporation; provided, however, that if such notice is given by electronic transmission, such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the officer. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.
Section 5.5VACANCIES IN OFFICES
Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the board of directors or as provided in Section 5.3.
Section 5.6REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS
The chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, any vice president, the treasurer, the secretary or assistant secretary of this corporation, or any other person authorized by the board of directors or the president or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority
granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.
Section 5.7AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS
All officers of the corporation shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the corporation as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the board of directors.
Section 5.8THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD
The chairperson of the board shall have the powers and duties customarily and usually associated with the office of the chairperson of the board. The chairperson of the board shall preside at meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors.
Section 5.9THE VICE CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD
The vice chairperson of the board shall have the powers and duties customarily and usually associated with the office of the vice chairperson of the board. In the case of absence or disability of the chairperson of the board, the vice chairperson of the board shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chairperson of the board.
Section 5.10THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
The chief executive officer shall have, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the board of directors, ultimate authority for decisions relating to the supervision, direction and management of the affairs and the business of the corporation customarily and usually associated with the position of chief executive officer, including, without limitation, all powers necessary to direct and control the organizational and reporting relationships within the corporation. If at any time the office of the chairperson and vice chairperson of the board shall not be filled, or in the event of the temporary absence or disability of the chairperson of the board and the vice chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chairperson of the board unless otherwise determined by the board of directors.
Section 5.11THE PRESIDENT
The president shall have, subject to the supervision, direction and control of the board of directors, the general powers and duties of supervision, direction and management of the affairs and business of the corporation customarily and usually associated with the position of president. The president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board or the chief executive officer. In the event of the absence or disability of the chief executive officer, the president shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chief executive officer unless otherwise determined by the board of directors.
Section 5.12THE VICE PRESIDENTS AND ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS
Each vice president and assistant vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer or the president.
Section 5.13THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES
(a)The secretary shall attend meetings of the board of directors and meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and minutes of all such proceedings in a book or books kept for such purpose. The secretary shall have all such further powers and duties as are customarily and usually associated with the position of secretary or as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer or the president.
(b)Each assistant secretary shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or the secretary. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the secretary, the assistant secretary (or if there shall be more than one, the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary.
Section 5.14THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS
(a)The chief financial officer shall be the treasurer of the corporation. The chief financial officer shall have custody of the corporation’s funds and securities, shall be responsible for maintaining the corporation’s accounting records and statements, shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation, and shall deposit or cause to be deposited moneys or other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the board of directors. The chief financial officer shall also maintain adequate records of all assets, liabilities and transactions of the corporation and shall assure that adequate audits thereof are currently and regularly made. The chief financial officer shall have all such further powers and duties as are customarily and usually associated with the position of chief financial officer, or as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chairperson, the chief executive officer or the president.
(b)Each assistant treasurer shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president or the chief financial officer. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the chief
financial officer, the assistant treasurer (or if there shall be more than one, the assistant treasurers in the order determined by the board of directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the chief financial officer.
ARTICLE VI - STOCK
Section 6.1STOCK CERTIFICATES
The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the board of directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by the chairperson of the board of directors or vice-chairperson of the board of directors, or the president or a vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The corporation shall not have power to issue a certificate in bearer form.
Section 6.2SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES
If the corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated stock, the corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to this Section 6.2 or Sections 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the DGCL or with respect to this Section 6.2 a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the
holders of uncertificated stock and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
Section 6.3LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
Except as provided in this Section 6.3, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the corporation and cancelled at the same time. The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
Section 6.4DIVIDENDS
The board of directors, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation or applicable law, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of the corporation’s capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the corporation’s capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation.
The board of directors may set apart out of any of the funds of the corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve. Such purposes shall include but not be limited to equalizing dividends, repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, and meeting contingencies.
Section 6.5TRANSFER OF STOCK
Transfers of record of shares of stock of the corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by an attorney duly authorized, and, if such stock is certificated, upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer; provided, however, that such succession, assignment or authority to transfer is not prohibited by the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, applicable law or contract.
Section 6.6STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS
The corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.
Section 6.7REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
The corporation:
(a)shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner;
(b)shall be entitled to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares; and
(c)shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VII - MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER
Section 7.1NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
Notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the corporation’s records. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
Section 7.2NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if: (i) the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the corporation in accordance with such consent; and (ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice. However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.
Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given: (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A)
such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and (iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.
An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
An “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
Section 7.3NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS
Except as otherwise prohibited under the DGCL, without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under the provisions of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the corporation, within 60 days of having been given written notice by the corporation of its intention to send the single notice, shall be deemed to have consented to receiving such single written notice.
Section 7.4NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL
Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
Section 7.5WAIVER OF NOTICE
Whenever notice is required to be given to stockholders, directors or other persons under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express
purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders or the board of directors, as the case may be, need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.
ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION
Section 8.1INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN THIRD PARTY PROCEEDINGS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”) (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director of the corporation or an officer of the corporation, or while a director of the corporation or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.
Section 8.2INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS IN ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereinafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or while a director or officer of the corporation is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent
that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
Section 8.3SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE
To the extent that a present or former director or officer of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.
Section 8.4INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS
Subject to the other provisions of this Article VIII, the corporation shall have power to indemnify its employees and its agents to the extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law. The board of directors shall have the power to delegate the determination of whether employees or agents shall be indemnified to such person or persons as the board of determines.
Section 8.5ADVANCED PAYMENT OF EXPENSES
Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an officer or director of the corporation in defending any Proceeding shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding upon receipt of a written request therefor (together with documentation reasonably evidencing such expenses) and an undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay such amounts if it shall ultimately be determined that the person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VIII or the DGCL. Such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the corporation deems reasonably appropriate and shall be subject to the corporation’s expense guidelines. The right to advancement of expenses shall not apply to any claim for which indemnity is excluded pursuant to these bylaws, but shall apply to any Proceeding referenced in Section 8.6(b) or Section 8.6(c) prior to a determination that the person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation.
Section 8.6LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION
Except as provided in Section 8.3 and subject to the requirements of the DGCL, the corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any person pursuant to this Article VIII in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding):
(a)for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of such person under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;
(b)for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the 1934 Act, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(c)for any reimbursement of the corporation by such person of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by such person from the sale of securities of the corporation, as required in each case under the 1934 Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the corporation pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the corporation of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);
(d)initiated by such person against the corporation or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (a) the board of directors authorized the Proceeding (or the relevant part of the Proceeding) prior to its initiation, (b) the corporation provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the corporation under applicable law, (c) otherwise required to be made under Section 8.7 or (d) otherwise required by applicable law; or
(e)if prohibited by applicable law; provided, however, that if any provision or provisions of this Article VIII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article VIII (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph or clause containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
Section 8.7DETERMINATION; CLAIM
If a claim for indemnification or advancement of expenses under this Article VIII is not paid in full within 90 days after receipt by the corporation of the written request therefor, the claimant shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction of his or her entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of expenses. The corporation shall indemnify such person against any and all expenses that are incurred by such person in
connection with any action for indemnification or advancement of expenses from the corporation under this Article VIII, to the extent such person is successful in such action, and to the extent not prohibited by law. In any such suit, the corporation shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proving that the claimant is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses.
Section 8.8NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS
The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the certificate of incorporation or any statute, bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. The corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advancement of expenses, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law.
Section 8.9INSURANCE
The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.
Section 8.10SURVIVAL
The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses conferred by this Article VIII shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
Section 8.11EFFECT OF REPEAL OR MODIFICATION
Any amendment, alteration or repeal of this Article VIII shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.
Section 8.12CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
For purposes of this Article VIII, references to the “corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents, so
that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to “other enterprises” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the corporation” as referred to in this Article VIII.
ARTICLE IX - GENERAL MATTERS
Section 9.1EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS
Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any document or instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
Section 9.2FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors and may be changed by the board of directors.
Section 9.3SEAL
The corporation may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the board of directors. The corporation may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.
Section 9.4CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS
Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both an entity and a natural person.
ARTICLE X - AMENDMENTS
These bylaws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, that the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the total voting power of outstanding voting securities, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders of the corporation to alter, amend or repeal, or adopt any bylaw inconsistent with, the following provisions of these bylaws: Article II, Section 3.1, Section 3.2, Section 3.4 and Section 3.11 of Article III, Article VIII and this Article X (including, without limitation, any such Article or Section as renumbered as a result of any amendment, alteration, change, repeal, or adoption of any other Bylaw). The board of directors shall also have the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws; provided, however, that a bylaw amendment adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the board of directors.
ARTICLE XI - FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF DISPUTES
Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall be a state or federal court located within the state of Delaware, in all cases subject to the court’s having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this bylaw.
ANNEX E
FULL TEXT OF
AMENDMENT TO 2014 PLAN
RESONANT INC.
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
AMENDED AND RESTATED
2014 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN
This Amendment No. 1 (this “Amendment”) to the Resonant Inc. Amended and Restated 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) is effective as of June 7, 2016, by action of the Board of Directors of Resonant Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).
1.Section 3.1(a) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
“(a) Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 12.2, a total of 2,700,000 Shares shall be authorized for grant under the Plan (the “Maximum Plan Shares”). Any Shares that are subject to Awards shall be counted against this limit as one (1) Share for every one (1) Share granted.”
I hereby certify that the foregoing Amendment was duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company on March 22, 2016, and approved by the stockholders of the Company at a meeting held on June 7, 2016.
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Executed as of [•], 2016 | RESONANT INC. | |
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