Bausch Health Announces Third Quarter 2024 Results

• Sixth consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth in both Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP)¹

• Third quarter consolidated revenues of $2.51 billion, up 12% on a Reported basis and 9% on an Organic (non-GAAP)¹ basis, with growth in all segments

• Consolidated GAAP Net Loss Attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. of $85 million

• Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA Attributable to Bausch Health Companies Inc. (non-GAAP)¹ of $909 million, up 10%

• Raising full-year 2024 guidance

LAVAL, QC / ACCESSWIRE / October 30, 2024 / Bausch Health Companies Inc. (NYSE:BHC)(TSX:BHC) ("Bausch Health" or the "Company" or "we" or "our") today announced its third quarter 2024 financial results and other key updates from the quarter.

"Our team at Bausch Health continued to execute against our commitments in the third quarter, delivering a sixth consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth in both revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. This was accomplished while we continued to advance our R&D pipeline, including the approval and launch of CABTREO^® in Canada. These results reflect the strength of our diverse and robust portfolio of products, both geographically and across therapeutic areas," said Thomas J. Appio, Chief Executive Officer.

Third Quarter 2024 Revenue Performance

Total consolidated reported revenues were $2.51 billion for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $2.24 billion in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $272 million, or 12%. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange of $9 million, acquisitions of $96 million, and divestitures and discontinuations of $16 million, revenue increased by 9% on an organic ¹ basis compared with the third quarter of 2023.

Reported revenues by segment were as follows:

¹ This is a non-GAAP measure or a non-GAAP ratio. For further information on non-GAAP measures and non-GAAP ratios, please refer to the "Non-GAAP Information" section of this news release. Please also refer to tables at the end of this news release for a reconciliation of this and other non-GAAP measures and ratios to the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Salix Segment

Salix segment reported revenues were $642 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $614 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $28 million, or 5%. Excluding the impact of divestitures and discontinuations of $4 million, segment revenues increased 5% on an organic ¹ basis. Xifaxan^® revenues grew 7%, and Relistor^® and Trulance^® revenues each grew 9% compared with the third quarter of 2023, which were partially offset by declines in certain non-promoted products.

International Segment

International segment reported revenues were $291 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $275 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $16 million, or 6%. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange of $3 million and divestitures and discontinuations of $2 million, segment revenues increased on an organic ¹ basis by 8% compared with the third quarter of 2023, led by double-digit growth in Canada and solid organic ¹ growth in Latin America.

Solta Medical Segment

Solta Medical segment reported revenues were $112 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $83 million in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $29 million, or 35%. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange of $1 million, segment revenues increased on an organic ¹ basis by 36% compared with the third quarter of 2023, led by growth in South Korea and China.

Diversified Segment

Diversified segment reported revenues were $269 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $259 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $10 million, or 4%. Excluding the impact of divestitures and discontinuations of $7 million, segment revenues increased 7% on an organic ¹ basis, primarily attributable to increases in revenue in Neurology.

Bausch + Lomb Segment

Bausch + Lomb segment reported revenues were $1,196 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $1,007 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $189 million, or 19%. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange of $5 million, acquisitions of $96 million and divestitures and discontinuations of $3 million, segment revenues increased on an organic ¹ basis by 10% compared with the third quarter of 2023, driven by increases across all business units.

Consolidated Operating Income

Consolidated operating income was $318 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $14 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $304 million. The change was primarily due to the effect of higher revenues and associated gross profit and the impact of a $402 million goodwill impairment charge recorded in the third quarter of 2023, which were partly offset by adjustments to provisions for certain legacy legal matters and higher selling, general and administrative expenses.

Consolidated Net Loss Attributable to Bausch Health

Consolidated net loss attributable to Bausch Health for the third quarter of 2024 was $85 million, compared with $378 million for the third quarter of 2023, an improvement of $293 million, primarily due to the increase in operating income.

Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Bausch Health

Consolidated Adjusted net income attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) ¹ for the third quarter of 2024 was $415 million, compared with $377 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $38 million, primarily due to higher revenues and gross profit, partially offset by higher selling, general, and administrative expenses, and higher interest expense.

Consolidated Loss Per Share Attributable to Bausch Health

Consolidated GAAP loss per share attributable to Bausch Health for the third quarter of 2024 was ($0.23), compared with ($1.03) for the third quarter of 2023.

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA Attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) ¹

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) ¹ was $909 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared to $830 million for the third quarter of 2023, an increase of $79 million, or 10%.

Consolidated Cash Provided by Operating Activities

The Company generated $405 million of cash from operating activities in the third quarter of 2024 compared with $281 million in the third quarter of 2023. The increase in cash flow reflected improved operating results as discussed above as well as favorable working capital changes.

Balance Sheet Highlights as of September 30, 2024:

• Consolidated cash and cash equivalents of $719 million.

• Bausch Health (excl. B+L) had availability under its 2027 revolving credit facility of approximately $950 million and Bausch + Lomb had availability under its revolving credit facility of approximately $120 million.

• Bausch Health (excl. B+L) has an accounts receivable credit facility which provides for up to $600 million of availability, subject to certain borrowing base tests, $300 million of which was drawn as of September 30, 2024.

• Bausch Health is focused on strengthening its balance sheet, including evaluating and utilizing, as appropriate, various tools and strategies to further reduce the Company's outstanding debt and enhance its debt maturity profile.

Bausch Health (excl. B+L) R&D Update

• CABTREO^®: triple combination product for the treatment of acne vulgaris

  • Approved in Canada in the third quarter and launched in October 2024

• RED-C: prevention and delay of first episode of hepatic encephalopathy

  • Both global Phase 3 studies are in the treatment phase

  • On track for top-line Phase 3 results by early 2026

• Amiselimod (S1P modulator): once-daily oral treatment of mild- to moderate- ulcerative colitis

  • Submitted draft protocols for Phase 3 trial addressing moderate- to severe- ulcerative colitis patients

  • Agreement on study protocols from FDA, EMA (EU), and PMDA (Japan) expected by year-end 2024

  • Evaluating a Phase 2 study for Crohn's disease

• Thermage^® FLX: radio-frequency technology to help tighten and improve the smoothness and texture of skin's surface

  • Plans to submit for approval in Canada during the fourth quarter of 2024

• Clear + Brilliant^® Touch: fractionated laser device for skin rejuvenation

  • Awaiting European regulatory response to submission with additional plans to submit to Asia Pacific markets and Canada thereafter

  • Launched in the Philippines in the third quarter 2024, adding to approved launches outside of the U.S. this year in Australia and New Zealand

2024 Financial Outlook

The Company raised its consolidated full-year Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) ¹ guidance:

Other than with respect to GAAP revenues, the Company only provides guidance on a non-GAAP basis. The Company does not provide a reconciliation of forward-looking Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) ¹ to GAAP net income (loss), due to the inherent difficulty in forecasting and quantifying certain amounts that are necessary for such reconciliation. Because deductions (such as restructuring, gain or loss on extinguishment of debt and litigation and other matters) used to calculate projected net income (loss) vary dramatically based on actual events, the Company is not able to forecast on a GAAP basis with reasonable certainty all deductions needed in order to provide a GAAP calculation of projected net income (loss) at this time. The amount of these deductions may be material and, therefore, could result in projected GAAP net income (loss) being materially less than projected Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) ¹ . These statements represent forward-looking information and may represent a financial outlook, and actual results may vary. Please see the risks and assumptions referred to in the "Forward-looking Statements" section of this news release. The guidance in this news release is only effective as of the date it is given and will not be updated or affirmed unless and until the Company publicly announces updated or affirmed guidance.

Conference Call Details

A replay of the conference call will be available on the investor relations website.

About Bausch Health

Bausch Health Companies Inc. (NYSE:NHC)(TSX:BHC) is a global diversified pharmaceutical company enriching lives through our relentless drive to deliver better health care outcomes. We develop, manufacture and market a range of products primarily in gastroenterology, hepatology, neurology, dermatology, medical aesthetic devices, international pharmaceuticals and eye health, through our controlling interest in Bausch + Lomb. Our ambition is to be a globally integrated healthcare company, trusted and valued by patients, HCPs, employees and investors. For more information, visit www.bauschhealth.com and connect with us on LinkedIn.

Forward-looking Statements

This news release contains forward-looking information and statements, within the meaning of applicable securities laws (collectively, "forward-looking statements"), including, but not limited to, statements relating to the Company's: future prospects and performance, financial guidance, research and development efforts and anticipated timing or results thereof, proposed plan to separate its eye health business, including the timing thereof, management of its balance sheet, generation of cash, ability to launch and commercialize new products, including the timing of regulatory processes with respect to the Company's product pipeline, ability to enforce and defend its Xifaxan^® intellectual property rights, ability to execute its growth strategies generally, and other corporate and strategic transactions. Forward-looking statements may generally be identified by the use of the words "anticipates," "hopes," "expects," "intends," "plans," "should," "could," "would," "may," "believes," "estimates," "potential," "target," or "continue" and positive and negative variations or similar expressions, and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results may, could, should or will be achieved, received or taken, or will occur or result, and similar such expressions also identify forward-looking information. These forward-looking statements, including the full-year guidance, are based upon the current expectations and beliefs of management. The Company's 2024 financial outlook and full-year guidance are included to provide further information about management's expectations about the Company's future business operations, activities and results and may not be appropriate for other purposes.

These forward-looking statements are subject to certain factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements. These factors, risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to the following: the impact of current market and economic conditions in one or more of the Company's markets; the impact of inflation and other macroeconomic factors on the Company's business and operations; the ability to complete the separation of Bausch + Lomb, including the timing and structure thereof, and to achieve the expected benefits thereof, and other risks and uncertainties relating to such separation, including actual and potential litigation related thereto; uncertainty of commercial success for new and existing products; challenges to patents; challenges to the Company's ability to enforce and defend against challenges to its patents; the impact of patent expirations and the ability of the Company to successfully execute strategic plans; compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; our substantial debt and current and future debt service obligations; and other factors, risks and uncertainties discussed in the Company's most recent annual and quarterly reports and detailed from time to time in the Company's other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the Canadian Securities Administrators, which factors, risks and uncertainties are incorporated herein by reference.

Additional information regarding certain of these material factors and assumptions may be found in the Company's filings described above. The Company believes that the material factors and assumptions reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable in the circumstances, but readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. Bausch Health undertakes no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this news release or to reflect actual outcomes, unless required by law.

Non-GAAP Information

To supplement the financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), the Company uses certain non-GAAP financial measures and non-GAAP ratios to provide supplemental information to readers. Management uses these non-GAAP measures and ratios as key metrics in the evaluation of the Company's performance and the consolidated financial results and, in part, in the determination of cash bonuses for its executive officers. The Company believes these non-GAAP measures and ratios are useful to investors in their assessment of our operating performance. In addition, these non-GAAP measures and ratios address questions the Company routinely receives from analysts and investors, and in order to assure that all investors have access to similar data, the Company has determined that it is appropriate to make this data available to all investors.

However, these measures and ratios are not prepared in accordance with GAAP nor do they have any standardized meaning under GAAP. In addition, other companies may use similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures and ratios that are calculated differently from the way we calculate such measures and ratios. Accordingly, our non-GAAP financial measures and ratios may not be comparable to such similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures and ratios used by other companies. We caution investors not to place undue reliance on such non-GAAP measures and ratios, but instead to consider them with the most directly comparable GAAP measures and ratios. Non-GAAP financial measures and ratios have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation. They should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, or superior to, the corresponding measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

The reconciliations of these historic non-GAAP financial measures and ratios to the most directly comparable financial measures and ratios calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP are shown in the tables below. However, as indicated above, for guidance purposes, the Company does not provide reconciliations of projected Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) to projected GAAP Net income (loss), due to the inherent difficulty in forecasting and quantifying certain amounts that are necessary for such reconciliations.

Specific Non-GAAP Measures

Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP)

Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) is Net income (loss) (its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure) adjusted for interest expense, net, (Benefit from) provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization and certain other items described below. Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) is Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) further adjusted to exclude the Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP) as defined below.

Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP), along with the GAAP measures used by management, most appropriately reflect how the Company measures the business internally and sets operational goals and incentives. In particular, the Company believes that these metrics focus management of the Company's underlying operational results and business performance. As a result, the Company uses these metrics to assess the financial performance of the Company and to forecast future results as part of its guidance. Management believes these metrics are a useful measure to evaluate current performance. These metrics are intended to show our unleveraged, pre-tax operating results and therefore reflects our financial performance based on operational factors. In addition, cash bonuses for the Company's executive officers and other key employees are based, in part, on the achievement of certain Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) targets.

Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) is Net income (loss) (its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure) adjusted for interest expense, net, (Benefit from) provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization and the following items:

• Goodwill impairments: The Company excludes the impact of goodwill impairments. When the Company has made acquisitions where the consideration paid was in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired, the remaining purchase price is recorded as goodwill. For assets that we developed ourselves, no goodwill is recorded. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment. The amount of goodwill impairment is measured as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying value over its fair value. Management excludes these charges in measuring the performance of the Company and the business.

• Asset impairments: The Company has excluded the impact of impairments of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets, as well as impairments of assets held for sale, as such amounts are inconsistent in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and/or size of acquisitions and divestitures. The Company believes that the adjustments of these items correlate with the sustainability of the Company's operating performance. Although the Company excludes impairments of intangible assets and assets held for sale from measuring the performance of the Company and the business, the Company believes that it is important for investors to understand that intangible assets contribute to revenue generation.

• Restructuring, integration and transformation costs: The Company has incurred restructuring costs as it implemented certain strategies, which involved, among other things, improvements to its infrastructure and operations, internal reorganizations and impacts from the divestiture of assets and businesses. With regard to infrastructure and operational improvements which the Company has taken to improve efficiencies in the businesses and facilities, these tend to be costs intended to right size the business or organization that fluctuate significantly between periods in amount, size and timing, depending on the improvement project, reorganization or transaction. Additionally, with the completion of the B+L IPO, as the Company prepares for post-separation operations, the Company is launching certain transformation initiatives that will result in certain changes to and investment in its organizational structure and operations. These transformation initiatives arise outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations and, as is the case with the Company's restructuring efforts, costs associated with these transformation initiatives are expected to fluctuate between periods in amount, size and timing. These out-of-the-ordinary-course charges include third-party advisory costs, as well as certain severance-related costs (including the severance costs associated with the departure of Bausch + Lomb's former CEO). Investors should understand that the outcome of these transformation initiatives may result in future restructuring actions and certain of these charges could recur. The Company believes that the adjustments of these items provide supplemental information with regard to the sustainability of the Company's operating performance, allow for a comparison of the financial results to historical operations and forward-looking guidance and, as a result, provide useful supplemental information to investors.

• Acquisition-related costs and adjustments (excluding amortization of intangible assets): The Company has excluded the impact of acquisition-related costs and fair value inventory step-up resulting from acquisitions as the amounts and frequency of such costs and adjustments are not consistent and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of its acquisitions. In addition, the Company excludes acquisition-related contingent consideration non-cash adjustments due to the inherent uncertainty and volatility associated with such amounts based on changes in assumptions with respect to fair value estimates, and the amount and frequency of such adjustments are not consistent and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of the Company's acquisitions, as well as the nature of the agreed-upon consideration.

• Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt: The Company has excluded gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt as this represents a gain or loss from refinancing our existing debt and is not a reflection of our operations for the period. Further, the amount and frequency of such amounts are not consistent and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of debt financing transactions and other factors in the debt market out of management's control.

• Share-based compensation: The Company has excluded costs relating to share-based compensation. The Company believes that the exclusion of share-based compensation expense assists investors in the comparisons of operating results to peer companies. Share-based compensation expense can vary significantly based on the timing, size and nature of awards granted.

• Separation costs and separation-related costs: The Company has excluded certain costs incurred in connection with activities regarding the separation of the eye-health business. Separation costs are incremental costs directly related to effectuating the separation of the eye-health business, and include, but are not limited to, legal, audit and advisory fees. Separation-related costs are incremental costs indirectly related to the separation of the eye-health business and include, but are not limited to, rebranding costs and costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification. As these costs arise from events outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations, the Company believes that the adjustments of these items provide supplemental information with regard to the sustainability of the Company's operating performance, allow for a comparison of the financial results to historical operations and forward-looking guidance and, as a result, provide useful supplemental information to investors.

• Other adjustments: The Company has excluded certain other amounts, including legal and other professional fees incurred in connection with legal and governmental proceedings, investigations and information requests regarding certain of our legacy distribution, marketing, pricing, disclosure and accounting practices, litigation and other matters, and net (gain) loss on sale of assets or other disposition of assets. Given the unique nature of the matters relating to these costs, the Company believes these items are not normal operating expenses. For example, legal settlements and judgments vary significantly, in their nature, size and frequency, and, due to this volatility, the Company believes the costs associated with legal settlements and judgments are not normal operating expenses. In addition, as opposed to more ordinary course matters, the Company considers that each of the recent proceedings, investigations and information requests, given their nature and frequency, are outside of the ordinary course and relate to unique circumstances. The Company has also excluded IT infrastructure investments that are the result of other, non-comparable events to measure operating performance. These events arise outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations. The Company has also excluded certain other costs, including professional fees associated with contemplated, but not completed, strategic transactions. The Company excluded these costs as the consideration of such matters are outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations and are infrequent in nature. The Company believes that the exclusion of such out-of-the-ordinary-course amounts provides supplemental information to assist in the comparison of the financial results of the Company from period to period and, therefore, provides useful supplemental information to investors. However, investors should understand that many of these costs could recur and that companies in our industry often face litigation.

Adjusted EBITDA attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) is Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) further adjusted to exclude the Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP). Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP) is Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure) adjusted for the portion of the adjustments described above attributable to noncontrolling interest.

Adjusted Net Income (non-GAAP) and Adjusted Net Income attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP)

Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) is Net income (its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure), adjusted for asset impairments, goodwill impairments, restructuring, integration and transformation costs, acquisition-related costs and adjustments (excluding amortization of intangible assets), gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, separation costs and separation-related costs and other non-GAAP adjustments as these adjustments are described above, and amortization of intangible assets and acquisition-related costs and adjustments excluding amortization of intangible assets, as described below:

• Amortization of intangible assets: The Company has excluded the impact of amortization of intangible assets, as such amounts are inconsistent in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and/or size of acquisitions. The Company believes that the adjustments of these items correlate with the sustainability of the Company's operating performance. Although the Company excludes the amortization of intangible assets from its non-GAAP expenses, the Company believes that it is important for investors to understand that such intangible assets contribute to revenue generation. Amortization of intangible assets that relate to past acquisitions will recur in future periods until such intangible assets have been fully amortized. Any future acquisitions may result in the amortization of additional intangible assets.

• Acquisition-related costs and adjustments excluding amortization of intangible assets: In addition to the acquisition-related costs and adjustments as described above, the Company has excluded the expense directly attributable to one-time commitment and structuring fees related to a bridge loan facility put in place prior to the acquisition of XIIDRA and certain other ophthalmology assets. The Company excluded these costs as they are outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations and are infrequent in nature. The Company believes that the exclusion of such out-of-the-ordinary-course amounts provides supplemental information to assist in the comparison of the financial results of the Company from period to period and, therefore, provides useful supplemental information to investors.

Adjusted net income attributable to Bausch Health (non-GAAP) is Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) further adjusted to exclude the Adjusted net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP). Adjusted net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP) is Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure) adjusted for the portion of the adjustments described above attributable to noncontrolling interest.

Historically, management has used Adjusted net income (loss) (non-GAAP) for strategic decision making, forecasting future results and evaluating current performance. This non-GAAP measure excludes the impact of certain items (as described above) that may obscure trends in the Company's underlying performance. By disclosing this non-GAAP measure, it is management's intention to provide investors with a meaningful, supplemental comparison of the Company's operating results and trends for the periods presented. Management believes that this measure is also useful to investors as such measure allows investors to evaluate the Company's performance using the same tools that management uses to evaluate past performance and prospects for future performance. Accordingly, the Company believes that Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) is useful to investors in their assessment of the Company's operating performance. It is also noted that, in recent periods, our GAAP Net income (loss) was significantly lower than our Adjusted net income (non-GAAP).

Organic Revenue (non-GAAP) and Change in Organic Revenue (non-GAAP)

Organic revenue (non-GAAP) and Change in organic revenue (non-GAAP), are defined as GAAP Revenue and change in GAAP Revenue (the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures), adjusted for changes in foreign currency exchange rates (if applicable) and excluding the impact of recent acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations, as defined below. Organic revenue (non-GAAP) is impacted by changes in product volumes and price. The price component is made up of two key drivers: (i) changes in product gross selling price and (ii) changes in sales deductions. The Company uses organic revenue (non-GAAP) and change in organic revenue (non-GAAP) to assess performance of its reportable segments, and the Company in total. The Company believes that providing these non-GAAP measures is useful to investors as they provide a supplemental period-to-period comparison.

The adjustments to GAAP Revenue to determine Organic Revenue (non-GAAP) and Change in Organic Revenue (non-GAAP) are as follows:

• Foreign currency exchange rates: Although changes in foreign currency exchange rates are part of our business, they are not within management's control. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates, however, can mask positive or negative trends in the business. The impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates is determined as the difference in the current period reported revenues at their current period currency exchange rates and the current period reported revenues revalued using the monthly average currency exchange rates during the comparable prior period.

• Acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations: In order to present period-over-period organic revenue (non-GAAP) growth/change on a comparable basis, revenues associated with acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations are adjusted to include only revenues from those businesses and assets owned during both periods. Accordingly, organic revenue and change in organic revenue exclude from the current period, revenues attributable to each acquisition for twelve months subsequent to the day of acquisition, as there are no revenues from those businesses and assets included in the comparable prior period. Organic revenue and change in organic revenue exclude from the prior period, all revenues attributable to each divestiture and discontinuance during the twelve months prior to the day of divestiture or discontinuance, as there are no revenues from those businesses and assets included in the comparable current period.

Constant Currency

Changes in the relative values of non-U.S. currencies to the U.S. dollar may affect the Company's financial results and financial position. To assist investors in evaluating the Company's performance, we have adjusted for the effects of changes in foreign currencies. The impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates is determined by comparing the current period reported revenues at their current period currency exchange rates and the current period reported revenues revalued using the monthly average currency exchange rates during the comparable prior period.

Please also see the reconciliation tables below for further information as to how these non-GAAP measures and ratios are calculated for the periods presented.

(a) The components of and further details respecting each of these non-GAAP adjustments and the financial statement line item to which each component relates can be found on Table 2a.

(a) Represents the two components of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Acquisition-related costs and adjustments (excluding amortization of intangible assets)" (see Table 2).
(b) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "IT infrastructure investment" (see Table 2).
(c) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Legal and other professional fees" (see Table 2).
(d) Represents the two components of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Separation costs and separation-related costs" (see Table 2).
(e) Represents the two components of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Restructuring, integration and transformation costs" (see table 2).
(f) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Amortization of intangible assets" (see Table 2).
(g) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Goodwill impairments" (see Table 2).
(h) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Asset impairments" (see Table 2).
(i) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Litigation and other matters, net of insurance recoveries" (see Table 2).
(j) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Gain (loss) on sale of assets, net" (see Table 2).
(k) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Acquisition-related costs" (see Table 2).
(l) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Other" (see Table 2).
(m) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Gain on extinguishment of debt" (see Table 2).
(n) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Interest expense" (see Table 2).
(o) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Foreign exchange and other" (see Table 2).
(p) Represents the sole component of the non-GAAP adjustment of "Tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments" (see Table 2).
(q) Represents the portion of the non-GAAP adjustments above attributable to noncontrolling interest (see Table 2).

(a) Legal and other professional fees incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 in connection with recent legal and governmental proceedings, investigations and information requests related to, among other matters, our distribution, marketing, pricing, disclosure and accounting practices.
(b) Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interest (non-GAAP) is Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest adjusted for the noncontrolling interest portion of the adjustments above as follows: